高考语法填空做题技巧.docx

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1、高考语法填空做题技巧语法填空是一种能够全面检测学生在的词法、句法和逻辑能力的 新题型。该题型有两种基本形式，一为零提示，二为提示。由于很多 学生的语法知识和语法分析能力比较薄弱，该题型也属于失分的重灾 区。现将该题型的解题技巧和解题重点加以总结并分享给大家，希望 对您有所裨益。一、零提示题型零提示题型由于考点分散和理解偏差，难度较大。但若熟悉零提 示题型的考察重点，此类题的难度将大大降低。考点一：介词英语常见介词有 in/ on/ at/ over/ during/ under/ behind/ for/through/ from/ since/ before/ by/ till/ until

2、/ after/ within/ between/ among/ above/ below/ near/ of/ about/ with/ like/ as/ against/ except/ in spite of/despite等。掌握各个介词用法是做题的基础。由于篇幅所 限，此处不再赘述。仅将重点介词特殊用法列举如下：1. In the tree 外来物、On the tree树上生长的On the bus/ plane/ boat/ shipIn the carGet off the plane/ busGet out of the carOn the river 在畔2. Overa

3、.通过；穿越They are walking over the bridge.b.在期间We talked this over over a cup of tea.over/ during a meetingOn +身体部位，表示使用He stood on his head and sang a song.The dog can walk on two legs.3. After追逐；追求Run after fame and fortune 追名逐利4. Between两两之间The rabbit jumped away between trees.考点二：地点副词或方位副词The tensi

4、on is on.r m home/ abroad/ here.The animals ran away.考点三：冠词.某个、一个 a/an这个、这些 the.固定搭配The same .Come to an endCome to a standstillCome to a stopMake a fireAt a depth of.At an altitude of.考点四：逻辑副词/连词Therefore thus however、but and Otherwise instead consequently、orBut we think otherwise.It was only one d

5、ay left,however, his father had no idea to answer him.考点五：连词That/ Whicha.先行词包括人和物时b.先行词受形容词最高级、序数词、the only/the very等修饰时c.先行词为不定代词时That/ which/ WhatThat不做成分Which强调范围We don t know which sort this species belong to.考点六：不定代词Neither、 none、 both、either、someone anyone most考点七：固定搭配His boss was so angry as

6、to fire him.The US consists of fifty states.考点八：逻辑关系对逻辑关系的考察，既可以是副词、介词等虚词，也可以是动词 名词等实词。学生一定要结合语境，仔细谨慎判断。Tony likes travelling abroad, but dislikes staying home watching TV.二：提示题型考点一：人称代词主要考察人称代词的宾格做表语和名词性物主代词。1. - Who s it?-It s him.2. - Whose is this book?/ Whose book is this?-It s hers.考点二：数词主要考察基

7、数词变序数词和基数词表示序数词概念。Nine Ninety Nineteen NinthFour Forty FourteenTwenty - twentiethI, m in Class Two.基数词表示序数词概念时，名词和数词的首字母都要大写。考点三：形容词主要考察a.变副词He really jumps very(high)He went(straight/ direct) to the room.本身为副词的表示具体。加-ly构成副词之后表示抽象。We went directly to the cause of the accident.High/ wide/ straight/ d

8、irectb.变比较级、最高级It couldn? t be better.否定的比较级出现在含有情态动词的否定句中时表示最高级。He couldn t be happier when hearing the news.He is the taller of the two.两者比较，且给出比较范围时，比较级前加the。Less + adj.为否定的比较级。You are less practical than Jim.c.变名词-ness/ -ity.考点四：名词主要考察：a.复数MediumMediummediaPhenomenonPhenomenonphenomenaCriterion

9、- criteria 标准Crisis - crisesBasis - basesFish 1.鱼（条数）单复数同形2.种类-esThere are three fish in the bowl.There are three fishes in the bowl.A school of fish 一群鱼He goes there on Sundays.b.变形容词-ly-ySecretly adv.考点五：动词主要考察：a.时态（三单、现在分词、过去分词）b.语态c.变名词、动名词Avoid doingPractice doingImagine doingd.不定式目的状语结果状语e.定语主

10、谓用现在分词、动宾用过去分词。f.状语主谓用现在分词、动宾用过去分词。g.补语主谓用现在分词、动宾用过去分词。With his eyes fixed on the map, he murmured something to himself.Fix one? s eyes on sth考点六：悬垂分词/形容词做状语Aimed at/ lost in/ determined to do/ dressed in/ judging by / providedAimed at a new bilateral relationship, the president paid a state visit to China.Given his age, the old man was quite strong.上述讲解为方便起见，并未对诸如动名词和现在分词、关系代词和连接代词、悬垂分词和形容词做状语等知识点加以区分。