2023年Pocket英语语法视频笔记1.pdf

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1、(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 1 (完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快 业绩进步，以下为(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容

2、)-视频笔记的全部内容。(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 2 Pocket英语语法（崔荣容）视频笔记 第一讲 语序和五种基本句式 He learns English every day.他每天学习英语.(中英语序不同）英语五种基本句式 一、主+谓 二、主+系+表 系动词:起到联系作用的动词,连接主语与表语。表语：描述主语的身份、性质、特征、状态 三、主+谓+宾 主语:动作发出者 谓语：作出的动作 宾语：动作的对象 四、主+谓+间宾+直宾 间宾：通常是人 直宾:通常是物 五、主+谓+宾+宾补 宾补:对宾语的补充说明 一、主+谓 The universe remains。

3、宇宙长存 中英文语序一致 二、主+系+表 The food is delicious.这个食物很好吃 中英文语序一致 三、主+谓+宾(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 3 He took his bag and left。（left是第二个谓语)他拿着他的包离开了 中英文语序一致 四、主+谓+间宾+直宾 Her father bought her a dictionary。buy sb sth(双宾语）她爸爸给她买了一本词典 (her与 a dictionary，两个宾语，一个是人、一个是物）中英文语序一致 五、主+谓+宾+宾补 We made him our moni

4、tor。我们选他当班长 （him 与 our monitor，都是指同一个人，our monitor是对 him 的补充说明）中英文语序一致 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart!有志者事竟成！第二讲 be 动词的形式和用法 一、be 动词的形式：be、am、is、are、was、were、being、been 1、The man is back.2、They are back.3、He was back。4、They were back。5、They have been back.6、Ill be back。上述“back”是副词，构成主系表结构。

5、(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 4 二、be 动词的用法:起到联系前后的作用（一般翻译为“是”，或无实意而不作翻译),多用于主系表结构。后面接名词、形容词、地点副词或短语作补足语成分。1、The man is a teacher。a teacher是名词 2、Marys new dresses are colorful。colorful是形容词 3、My mother was in the kitchen.in the kitchen是地点副词。4、I am 20。数词也可做表语 5、It s me。代词也可做表语 三、be 动词的练习 1、他们是老师 They a

6、re teachers.2、他曾是一名老师 He was a teacher before。3、他已经当了 3 年的老师 He has been a teacher for 3 years.第三讲 be 动词的否定/提问/回答 一、be 动词的否定 在 am、is、are、was、were 后面加 not 缩略式 am not,isnt,aren t,wasnt,werent 1、The man isn t back.2、I am not back。3、They arent back.4、He wasnt back.5、They werent back。二、使用 be 动词提问和回答(完整 w

7、ord)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 5 Is he a teacher？Yes,he is。/No，he isnt。Are you a teacher?Yes，I am。/No,I am not。Were they teachers?Yes,they were。/No,they werent。三、be 动词的练习：1、他是医生吗？Is he a doctor?不,他不是 No,he isnt。2、他们昨天在教室吗？Were they in the classroom yesterday？Yes,they were。/No，they weren t。3、他们昨天不在教室 They

8、weren t in the classroom yesterday.第四讲 代词的主格和宾格 主格代词:I he she it you we they 1、I am a teacher.2、He is a teacher.3、You are teachers。宾格代词：me him her it you us them 1、He likes me.(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 6 2、We like her。3、I like them.练习 1、我喜欢它 I like it.2、他们认识他 They know him.第五讲 名词性/形容词性物主代词 形容词性物

9、主代词:（后接名词）单数形式：my your his/her/its ones 复数形式：our your their 1、This is my book.2、We love our motherland。3、Those are your socks。名词性物主代词：单数形式：mine yours his/hers/its ones 复数形式：ours yours theirs 1、The book is ours。2、The apple is hers。练习 1、我的老师是中国人 My teacher is Chinese。2、这个电脑是他们的 This computer is theirs

10、.3、我们的书在书架上(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 7 Our book is on the shelf.主格 宾格 形 容 词 性物主代词 名 词 性物 主 代词 反身代词 I me my mine myself you you your yours yourself he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself we us our ours ourselves you you your yours yourselves they them their theirs th

11、emselves 第六讲 反身代词 单数 myself yourself himself herself itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词的用法:(指某人自己，通常是主语的“自己”）1、Please help yourself to some fish.请随便吃些鱼吧 yourself在动词 help 后作宾语。2、We enjoyed ourselves last night。我们昨晚玩得很开心 ourselves在动词 enjoyed 后作宾语。3、The thing itself is not important.这件事本身不重

12、要 反身代词 itself在名词 The thing后作同位语，起到解释、说明名词的作用。练习 1、Take good care of（yourself）照顾好 2、She gained control of(herself)控制住了(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 8 第七讲 实意动词的特征 实意动词 come go read watch play fly 1、He comes from Shenyang。实意动词 comes 作谓语，后接介词短语 from Shenyang作宾语 动词 come 有一般现在时“单三”的变化 2、She is reading sto

13、ry books.实意动词 reading作谓语，后接动词 story books作宾语 动词 read 有现在进行时的变化 3、They went to America yesterday。动词 go 有一般过去时“went”的变化 4、We have watched the game for three times.动词 watch 有现在完成时“watched”的变化 现在完成时：动作已经发生或对现在造成影响 5、My mother will fly back to China next month。一般将来时：will+动词原形 总结：实意动词有时态与数量（三单）上的变化 练习：1、他

14、昨天来上海了 He came to ShangHai yesterday.2、我们正在写作业 We are writing homework.(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 9 3、他们读这本书已经读 3 遍了 They have read this book three times。第八讲 实意动词的否定/提问/回答(一般现在时与一般过去时)使用助动词进行否定 在助动词 do does did后面加 not do not/dont does not/doesnt did not/didnt 例句：1.I don t go to school by bus。2.Sh

15、e doesnt watch TV everyday.3。They didn t swim last night。使用助动词进行提问 1.He often plays golf.Does he often play golf？Yes,he does。/No,he doesnt。2.They go to school by bus.Do they go to school by bus？Yes they do./No，they don t。3.Sam had breakfast yesterday.Did Sam have breakfast yesterday?Yes,he did。/No,h

16、e didnt.(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 10 练习：1.他每天都学英语吗?Does he learn English everyday?是的，他每天都学英语 Yes,he does。2.Tom昨天没吃早饭 Tom didn t have breakfast yesterday.第九讲 使用疑问词进行提问和回答(1）(一般现在时与一般过去时)使用疑问词进行提问 when,where,who,what，how 时间、地点、人物、干什么、怎样 例句 He bought three books yesterday.1 2 3 1.Who bought three b

17、ooks yesterday?对主语提问，原语序不变 2.What did he buy yesterday?对宾语提问时，将助动词提前,并还原动词。3.When did he buy three books?对状语提问时,将助动词提前，并还原动词。They wanted to go to ShangHai by air。1 2 3 1.Who wanted to go to ShangHai by air?(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 11 2.Where did they want to go by air?3.How did they want to go

18、to ShangHai?第十讲 使用疑问词进行提问和回答（2）使用疑问词进行提问 how long,how far，how often,why 多长时间，多远，多长时间一次,为什么 1.They have been in China for three years.How long have they been in China?对时间状语提问 2.It is about 4000 kilometers from Beijing to Xian。How far is it from Beijing to Xian?3.They come to visit me once a week.How

19、often do they come to visit me？4.She came late，because she missed the bus。Why did she come late？练习:1.他们学汉语多长时间了？How long have they learned Chinese?2.你多长时间看一次电影？How often do you watch movies？3.你的家离学校多远?How far is it from your house to your school？(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 12 第十一讲 名词 代表事物的词，包括具体和抽

20、象的事物 名词分两类：1 可数名词：是指数得过来的概念。如 applepencilstudent 可数名词有单数和复数之分 apple-apples pencil-pencils tomato tomatoes 2 不 可 数 名 词：无 法 计 算 的 数 量 或 抽 象 概 念。如saltcoffeewater(historylove抽象）不可数名词无复数，只用单数表示 salt salt coffee-coffee water water 3 可数名词变复数规则：（1）一般末尾加后缀-s,friendfriends（2）以 szxchsh结尾的词，在该词末尾加后缀-es，bus-buse

21、s（3）辅音字母+y 结尾的名词，将 y 改变为 i,再加 es，candycandies （除 a e i o u以外的字母为辅音字母)（4）以-o 结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加es.tomato tomatoes,hippo hippos 缩写(从非英语国家引进的词汇为外来词，如 madam是从法国引进的外来词）3、可数名词前可加 a（an)或量词,有复数变化 以元音开头的名词前加 an，以辅音开头的名词前加 a,表示一个。apple an apple apples a box of apples 量词(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 13 Tomato

22、-a tomato-tomatoes -a bag of tomatoes 量词 4、不可数名词前不可加 a(an)，没有复数，但前面可以加量词。Coffee-a cup of coffee 练习：He bought me（a box of chocolate）一盒巧克力 (a bike)一辆自行车 第十二讲 代词:指示代词和不定代词 指示代词（特指）:标识人或事物的代词,用来代替前面已提到的名词。常用的：thisthesethatthose This is his book.Those apples were his.不定代词（泛指）:指代不确定的人或事物。常用的:onethe others

23、omeanysomethingnothing 例:No one knows where he is.没人知道他在哪儿 Some of the boys want to go to Shanghai，but the others want to go to Xian.一些男孩想去上海，其他人想去西安 Each of the students has got a book.每个学生都有一本书.练习 1.（These）teachers are from China.这些教师都是中国来的。2。I know（nothing)about this person.我对这个人一无所知 3.I have(som

24、ething)to tell you.(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 14 我有事要告诉你 第十三讲 形容词 1、形容词通常形容人或事物的状态、性质、大小等，通常用在名词前,be 动词后 beautiful-beautiful girl The girl is beautiful.2、The+形容词=复数名词（表示一类），作主语时，后面的动词使用复数的相应格式。oldthe old 老的老年人(一类人、复数名词）young-the young 年轻的-年轻人(一类人、复数名词）The old need more care than the young.The old

25、是复数名词，后面的动词 need 不能用三单的格式。3、练习：（1）She is a（good)student.她是一个好学生。(2)This bike is（expensive）这辆自行车很贵 （3）（The rich)sometimes complain their empty life.富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活 第十四讲 副词 1、副词可以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词以及其他结构.一般表程度。He runs fast.She is very beautiful.very修饰形容词 beautiful They work very hard。(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)

26、-视频笔记 15 副词的位置（1）根据情况,放在助动词之后,实意动词之前或之后（2）形容词之前,其它副词之前或之后（3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后 He speaks very fast。fast在实意动词 speak 之后,在其它副词 very 之后。They have already left。already在助动词 have 后 They have already been repaired。already在第一个助动词 have 后 2、常用的频度副词（alwaysusuallyoftensometimesnever）的位置通常放在实意动词前面，be 动词后面，助动词和实

27、意动词之间。They always come early。Sam often writes homework at 7:00。练习:1、Please write the word（slowly）（慢慢地）2、They（sometimes）come here。（有时）3、The tree is（very）tall.（非常)第十五讲 不定量表达法(1）不确定数量的表达法，用不确定的数量词来限定名词 Some any most every all 1 some，any 都表示“一些”，后面接可数名词复数、不可数名词单数.some 主要用于肯定句，希望得到肯定回答时，也可用在疑问句中。any 主要用在

28、否定和疑问句中。Id been expecting some letters the whole morning,but there werent any for me.(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 16 2.most 作形容词时表示“大部分的，后面接复数名词 Most people here are from China.3.every 表示“每一个、所有”，后面接单数名词。Every one likes the film.4.all 表示“所有”，后面接可数名词复数、不可数名词单数。All the cars are parked in the parking

29、lot。All the coffee is served on time。练习：1.Some boys went camping yesterday。(一些)2.All the children like to play football.（所有的)3.Most teachers want to work here.(大多数)第十六讲 不定量表达法（2）1.both 表示“两者都”,可作形容词、代词和副词，either是“两者之一”，neither是“两者都不”。Both his eyes were severely burned.There are trees on either side

30、of the street。Neither answer is correct.2.many 修饰可数名词,表示“许多”；much 修饰不可数名词,表示“许多”。a lot of（lots of)、plenty of均可修饰可数与不可数名词.many books much water a lot of/lots of books/water 练习：(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 17 1.Both the hands are washed。（两个都）2.Xiaowang drank much（a lot of）coffee last night.(很多)第十七讲 不

31、定量表达法（3）1。a few,为肯定含义“几个”；few，为否定含义“没几个”，以上两个词均和可数名词复数连用。A few books are put into the box.Few books are put onto the box。2。a little为肯定含义“一点儿”,little为否定含义“没多点”,以上两个词均可和不可数名词连用。There is a little water in the bottle。There is little water in the bottle.3.none 和 no one的意思相同，主要作代词，翻译为“一个也不,一点也不”,用法稍有区别。no

32、ne 可以接 of 短语，动词可用单数也可用复数.no one 不能接 of 短语，动词只能用单数。No one knows the answer.None of us have(has)arrived。练习：A few books are put into the box。（几本)There is a little water in the bottle.（一点儿）None of us have(has）arrived.(没有一个)第十八讲 There/Here be句型 1。There/Here+be，根据上下文,有多种翻译方法，可以翻译成“有”、(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔

33、荣容)-视频笔记 18 “是，be 动词根据后面的名词有单复数变化。There is a book on the bookshelf.有 There are some books on the bookshelf.有 Here is the bus stop。这儿是 Here are your books。这儿是 如 Here are your books的正常语序为 Your books are here，主语是 Your books，are 是 be 动词，here 就表语,所以，There/Here+be为倒装句，实质为主系表结构。练习：1.There is a lot of water

34、 in the bottle。（有）2.Here is your car。（这是）3.There are many students in the room。（有）第十九讲 一般现在时和现在进行时 1。一般现在时:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或动作。主语是单数第三人称,动词有单三的变化,主语是非第三人称单数时，动词为原形。They often get up at 7:00.He often gets up at 7:00。一般现在时，动词的单三变化:(1）在动词尾直接加-s，如:play plays (2）以字母 s、x、ch 或 o 结尾的动词加es,如：guess guesses （3

35、)以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，再加es，如：Studystudies 一般现在时否定和疑问句用 do、does 帮助构成 He doesnt like the car.Does he like the car?(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 19 Yes,he does。/No,he doesnt。They dont like the car。Do they like the car？Yes，they do./No，they dont。2。现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。句中通常有 now等时间副词呼应，基本构成形式为 be+doing。T

36、hey are watching TV.He is watching TV。I am watching TV。动词现在分词的变化规则：（1)一般情况下，直接在动词后加-ing，如 work-working （2)动词以不发音的e 结尾,要去 e 加 ing，如 take-taking(3)重读闭音节的动词，要双写词尾字母，再加ing，如:cut cutting（4）以ie 结尾的动词，变 y 再加ing，如:lie-lying 现在进行时变否定句和疑问句时，将 be 动词否定或提前。（1）They aren t watching TV。Are they watching TV?（2)He is

37、nt watching TV.Is he watching TV？(3）Am I watching TV？Yes,you are./No,you arent。练习：1.H e works（work)very late every day.2.Do you study English yourself?Yes,I do.(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 20 3.They are playing（play）soccer now。第二十讲 一般过去时和过去进行时 1。一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的行为.基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他，

38、一般动词在动词后面加 ed，还有一些不规则动词有不规则变化。Play-played come-came 1.He worked very hard last night.2.They came here by car.动词一般过去时变化规则：（1）一般在动词后加-ed.如：play played（2）在以字母 e 结尾的动词后,只加d。如：like liked（3）在以“辅音字母+y结尾的动词后，改 y 为 i,再加-ed。如：supply-supplied（4）在以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan planned 2。过去进行时表示

39、在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行或发生的动作。其形式为 was/were+doing They were waiting for you。He was talking with his friends just now.练习：1.They went（go）swimming yesterday.2.Sam was watching（watch）TV at 7：00 last night.(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 21 第二十一讲 将来时 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或状态.常常和表示将来的时间状语连用.如：tomor

40、row（明天）next week（下周）in the future（将来)1。“助动词 will或 shall+动词原形”，表示将要发生的事情。（1）They will go to Shanghai by ship tomorrow。（2）We shall leave for Shanghai next month。离开去上海 2。“be going to+动词原形用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算、就要”。They are going to play football this afternoon.She is going to learn Fr

41、ench next year.3.“be doing表示位置转移的动词。如：go，come,leave，start,arrive，可用现在进行时表示将来时。（1）They are leaving for Japan.离开去日本（2)She is arriving tomorrow.练习：1.They are coming(come)here soon。2.Sam is going to learn（learn）Chinese next month.will learn也可以 3.Peter and Mike will finish（finish）the job tomorrow moring。

42、第二十二讲 完成时 1.现在完成时（have+p。p.），动作过去发生，已经完成，对现在造成影响或后果，动作可能还会持续，可使用的时间状语为：already(已经)和 yet（还）。(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 22 （1）They have already arrived in Shanghai.（2）She has played soccer for 3 hours.（3）She hasn t finished the homework yet.2.过去完成时(had+p.p。）,表示句中的动词发生在过去之前，即过去的过去，已经完成，对过去造成了一定的影响或后

43、果.（1）They had arrived in Shanghai.（2）She had played soccer for 3 hours.（3）She hadn t finished the work yet。练习:1.He has stopped(stop）the car outside.2.She hasnt been（not be)to Sichuan yet.3.Have they planned(plan)to stay here?第二十三讲 动词的用法 1。动词根据功能分为四类：实意动词（Notional Verb）：有实际意义的动词 系动词（Link Verb）：起联系作用的

44、动词 助动词（Auxiliary Verb）:帮助构成句子成分的动词 情态动词（Model Verb）：有情态含义的动词，后接实意动词原形.（1）动词有数量和时态的变化,时态通常有三大时态:现在、过去和将来时。（2）根据动作进行的状态可分为：一般时、进行时和完成时（3）使用动词时通常将（1）和（2）结合,如：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时;现在进行时、过去进行时；现在完成时、过去完成时 He goes to school every day。(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 23 He went to hospital last night.动词形态变化总结：动词

45、原形 单三 现在分词 过去式 过去分词 play plays playing played played have has having had had go goes going went gone 第二十四讲 情态动词（1）can/could/may/might 1.can/could：“能怎样”，表示“现在/过去的能力，可用 be able to 代替；“可能怎样”,表示客观可能性(can的可能性大)；“可以怎样”，通常用“can/could I”表示请求和允许的语气，could更委婉。He can/could/is able to swim.能 He can/could come to

46、morrow。可能来 Can/could I stay here？可以留下吗?Can he sing an English song?Yes，he can。/No，he cant。2.may/might：表示可能性（may的可能性大)；通常用“may/might I”表示请求、允许的语气，might 更委婉。口语中常用的回答：（1）May I smoke here？Yes，please。No,you cant/mustnt.(禁止、不准)(2)He may/might come here by bus。(3）May/might I join you?Yes,please。/No,you can

47、t。/No，you mustnt。对 may/might I 开头的提问，肯定回答时，通常用“Yes,please.”。(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 24 否定回答时，通常用“cant（不能）,慎用禁止性的“mustnt(不准），一般不用“may not(可能不）表猜测，语气很弱”。3.练习:（1）She could speak French before,but now she cant.（2）Might/May/Could/Can(按语气程度排序)I come in？Yes，please.第二十五讲 情态动词（2）must/have to/should/oug

48、ht to 1.must/have to:“必须怎样，表示必须、必要(must 主观多一些、have to客观多一些，表“不得不）have to有时态和数量的变化,而 must 无此变化。Must 和 have to二者的否定意义不大相同。如:You mustn t go.你不准去。You don t have to go。你不必去。You neednt go。你不必去。（1）You must get up early.主观必须（2）It s going to rain,I have to go home now.不得不 对 must 和 have to提问的否定回答，须用“neednt 和

49、don t have to”,表示“不必”：Must I come here early tomorrow?No，you needn t。/No，you dont have to。2.Should/ought to：“应该怎样”，表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义(完整 word)Pocket英语语法(崔荣容)-视频笔记 25 词是 ought to;should强调主观看法，而 ought to强调客观要求。在疑问句中,通常用 should 代替 ought to.You should/ought to do the job right now。Should they stay here now?

50、练习:1。I must（必须）go and see my mother in hospital tomorrow。2。You should(应该)work harder than that.第二十六讲 情态动词（3)need 1.need：“需要”a.作情态动词 He need come here early.He needn t come here early。Need he come here early？Yes，he need./No,he neednt.b.作实义动词，有第三人称单数和时态的变化，可用作不定式 need to do sth。He needs to come here e