2023年【精品】情态动词表推测的讲解及练习题.pdf

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1、优胜教育1 表推测时，英语中只使用must,may,might,may not和 cant。这五个表达的语气依次递减：must:一定（语气肯定）may：也许（不很肯定）might：或许（比 may 语气更弱）may not：也许不（表否定）cant：一定不（must 的反义）推测现在的事情用must,may,might,may not和 cant+do 或 be e.g.She must be at home now.The boy may play now.推测过去的事情用must,may,might,may not和 cant+have done e.g.She might have be

2、en ill yesterday.He must have hold the party.情态动词 must,can,could,may,might表推测的用法情态动词中的 must,can,could,may,might都表推测。其中 must 的可能性最大，can/could 次之，may/might最小。具体用法如下：1.must 的用法（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。He must be American.=It is certain that he is American.他准是个美国人。（2）must 表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不

3、、肯定不”的意思时，应用 cant,如询问某种可能时，应用can。He must know my address.他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）He can t know my address.他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）Can he know my address?他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）（3）must 表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。He must have a car now.（现在）他一定有辆小汽车。He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。He must hav

4、e finished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。注：must 表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用 Its certain/Im sure that he will come tomorrow.（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must 时，疑问部分的助动词应与 must 后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。He must be a worker,isnt he?（现在）他准是个工人，是吗？It must have rained last night,didnt it?（过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？

5、You must have learned English for many years,havent you?（完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？2.can/could 的用法（1）can 表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Cant“一定不”，语气很肯定。can 在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。用于肯定句时，表示理论上的，优胜教育2 潜在的可能性（有倾向，实际上未必会发生或者不涉及实际是否发生）往往与sometimes 或者 someone 有关。Accidents can happen.He can t be at home.=It is impossible that he

6、is at home.他一定不在家。（2）can/can后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。They cant be reading in the library.他们一定不在图书馆读书。He can t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。It s so late.Where can she have gone?天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？（3）在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can时，疑问部分的助动词应与 can后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.H

7、e can t be a teacher,is he?他不是教师，是吗？She cant have finished her homework,has she?她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？could 可用于表示某事有可能发生表示可能性不大的推测。意思相当于 may/might Dont eat it.It could be poiso nous.不要吃它，可能有毒。The plane could be delayed by fog.飞机可能会因为雾晚点。（5）could 还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。Excuse me,could you tell me the way to

8、the bus station?Could you help me?（6）couldn 表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。It couldnt possibly be poison.这不可能是毒药。表示对过去发生的事推测，常常和have done 连用He was not at home last night.He could/might have gone to movies.I didnt see her at the meeting yesterday;she couldnt have spoken at the meeting.3.may 和 mi

9、ght 的用法（1）may,might 表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。He may/might be American.=It is possible that he is American.他可能是个美国人。注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may 更委婉，表示的可能性更小。（2）may,might 表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。He may/might not be at home.他也许不在家。（3）may,might 可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。He may/might be sle

10、eping now.（现在）他可能正在睡觉。的可能性最大次之最小具体用法如下的用法表示推测可能性时意思是一定准是语气较肯定较有把握他准是个美国人表定不知道我的地址一定不他知道我的地址吗询问可能性表示推测时可以推测现在正在发生的动作过去发生的动作现在况一般不用可用在反意疑问句中附属部分含有表示推测意义的时疑问部分的助动词应与后面的动词在非推测情况下的优胜教育3 The boy may/might not be watching TV at home.（现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视These students may/might have seen the film before.（过去）这些学

11、生以前可能看过这部电影。（4）may,might 还可以推测将来的情况。I think we should take raincoat with us,it may rain.我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。She might not come this afternoon.她今天下午可能不来一、单项选择1 John_ come to see us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.A.may B.need C.cant D.must 2 John isnt in the classroom.He play soccer on the playground

12、 with Bob.A.can B.must C.should D.can3 That _not be her husband.She is still single.A.may B.can C.could D.might 4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because you got a fever.A.can B.must C.dare D.would 5-Can you speak Japanese?-No,I_.A.mustnt B.cant C.neednt D.may not 6-He_ be in the classroom,I think.

13、-No,he _ be in the classroom.I saw him go home a minute ago.can;may not B.must;may not C.may;cant D.may;mustnt 7-Is Lena swimming in the pool?-No,she swim.She is terrified of water.A.may not B.must not C.cant D.neednt 8 He isnt at school.I think he _ be ill.A.can B.shall C.must D.might 9-What do you

14、 think“upset”means?-Im not sure.It mean“sad”may B.must C.can D.should 10 The children_ play football on the road.cant B.can C.mustnt D.must 11.The road is wet.It _last night.A must rain B must have rained C could have rained D can have rained 12.He _you more help,even though he was busy.A might have

15、 given B might not give 的可能性最大次之最小具体用法如下的用法表示推测可能性时意思是一定准是语气较肯定较有把握他准是个美国人表定不知道我的地址一定不他知道我的地址吗询问可能性表示推测时可以推测现在正在发生的动作过去发生的动作现在况一般不用可用在反意疑问句中附属部分含有表示推测意义的时疑问部分的助动词应与后面的动词在非推测情况下的优胜教育4 C may not have given D may give 1.Look!The light is out in her room.She to bed already.A.must go B.had to go C.must h

16、ave gone D.has gone 2.We had a wonderful time yesterday.You .Why didnt you come?A.had to come B.should have come C.might have come D.must have come 3.There were alre ady five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.It_ a comfortable journey.A.cant be B.shouldnt be C.mustnt have been D.

17、couldnt have been 4.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he _ your lecture.A.couldnt have attended B.neednt have attended C.mustnt have attended D.shouldnt have attended 5.I was really anxious about you.You _ home without a word.A.mustnt leave B.Shouldnt have left C.Couldnt

18、have left D.neednt leave 6.Oh,Im not feeling well in the stomach,I_ so much fried chicken just now.A.shouldnt cut B.mustnt have eaten C.shouldnt have eaten D.mustnt eat7.Mr.White _ at 8:30 for the meeting,but he didnt show up.A.should have arrived B.should arrive C.should have had arrived D.should b

19、e arriving 8.You _ be tired-youve only been working for an hour.A.must not B.won t C.can t D.may not 9.-Isn t that Anns husband over there?-No,it _ be him-Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.A.cant B.must not C.wont D.may not 10.There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practis

20、ed a lot in the driving school.A.mustnt B.shant C.shouldnt D.needn 11.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They _ at lease 150 km an hour.A.should have been doing B.must have been doing C.could have done D.would have done 12.He _ have completed his work;otherwise,he

21、wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.should B.must C.wouldnt D.can13.-The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.-Oh,dear!She _ a lot of difficulties!A.may go through B.might go through C.ought to have gone through D.must have gone through 14.

22、This cake is very sweet.You _ a lot of sugar in it.Ashould put Bcould have put Cmight put Dmust have put 15.Catherine,I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks.You it.I could manage it myself.的可能性最大次之最小具体用法如下的用法表示推测可能性时意思是一定准是语气较肯定较有把握他准是个美国人表定不知道我的地址一定不他知道我的地址吗询问可能性表示推测时可以推测现在正在发生的动作过去发生的动作现在况一般不用可用在反

23、意疑问句中附属部分含有表示推测意义的时疑问部分的助动词应与后面的动词在非推测情况下的优胜教育5 Aneedn t do B needn t have done Cmustn t do D shouldnt have done 16.Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?Something _ to him.Amust happen Bshould have happened Ccould have happened Dmust have happened 情态动词+have done 结构1-You didn t wait for

24、Mr.Smith last night,did you?-No,but we _.He didnt return home at all.A.couldnt have waited B.neednt haveC.didnt need to D.should wait2Harry _ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday,but he gave up.A.could B.might C.should D.must 3-May I speak to your manager Mr.Smith at six oclock tonight?

25、”-“I m sorry,Mr.Smith to a conference before then.”A.will have gone B.had gone C.would have gone D.has gone 4-Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted.-Really?I cant imagine that he _ have done such a thing.A.must B.may C.can D.should 6The weather turned out to be fine yesterday

26、.I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have taken B.could have taken C.neednt have taken D.mustnt have taken 7He paid for a seat,when he _ have entered free.A.could B.would C.must D.need 8I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning.She at themeeting.A.mustnt have spoken B.mightnt

27、 have spokenC.cant have spoken D.shouldnt have spoken9-Hi,is that Peter Brown?-Sorry.You _ the wrong number.A.must dial B.must have dialed C.should dial D.should have dialed 10I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car.They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour.A.should have b

28、een doing B.must have been doing C.could have done D.would have done 1.He is not poor.You _ have lent him the money.A.cant B.neednt C.couldnt D.mustn2.There was plenty of time.You _ have hurried.A.won t B.mustnt C.neednt D.couldn3.He paid for a seat,when he _ have entered free.(05 山东)A.could B.would

29、 C.must D.need-On,it _ my brother,Peter.A.must be B.must have been C.can have been D.might be 4.I _ here in time,but I met an old friend of mine.I stopped and talked with him 的可能性最大次之最小具体用法如下的用法表示推测可能性时意思是一定准是语气较肯定较有把握他准是个美国人表定不知道我的地址一定不他知道我的地址吗询问可能性表示推测时可以推测现在正在发生的动作过去发生的动作现在况一般不用可用在反意疑问句中附属部分含有表示推

30、测意义的时疑问部分的助动词应与后面的动词在非推测情况下的优胜教育6 for some time.A.shouldnt have come B.must have comeC.neednt have come D.could have come5.They _ have finished the work yesterday,but it was raining hard.A.must B.could C.should D.might 1.Something _ to him.(05江西 22 题)A.must happen B.should have happened C.could have happened D.must have happened的可能性最大次之最小具体用法如下的用法表示推测可能性时意思是一定准是语气较肯定较有把握他准是个美国人表定不知道我的地址一定不他知道我的地址吗询问可能性表示推测时可以推测现在正在发生的动作过去发生的动作现在况一般不用可用在反意疑问句中附属部分含有表示推测意义的时疑问部分的助动词应与后面的动词在非推测情况下的