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1、最新精品资料推荐 最新精品资料推荐1 宾语从句:1.宾语从句充当的是句子的宾语,少了它句子就没有宾语不是完整的句子了。宾语从句一般由 that 引导,后跟的是一个完整的句子。Eg.I found that he was lying on the ground.I heared that he was back.I think that he is very kind.2.而宾语补足语则是有宾语存在,对宾语的补充完善。能充当宾语补足语的一般有:不定式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介宾短语等。宾语加宾补一起构成复合宾语。常跟复合宾语的动词有:call,name,make,think,find
2、,leave,keep,choose,elect,define,regard,see,recognize,treat,take,consider,look up,refer to,employ,use,show,organise,express 等。Eg.I heared Jim singing this morning.Tom made the girl cry.I find learning English difficult.I saw the kite up and down.注意:当感官动词和使役动词,如:see hear notice watch hear feel observe
3、(感官动词)make have let(使役动词)接宾补时,不定式的符号 to 必须省略。在 help后,不定式可以带 to,也可不带。宾语从句注意点:1.多为 that 引导 2.偶尔有 if/whether 引导的一般疑问句,反义疑问句,选择疑问句等构成宾语从句。3.在介词之后,不定式之前或在 or 之前只能用whether 不能用 if。4.宾语从句是陈述语气。注意:that 引导的从句一般是:宾语从句和定语从句两种。在句子中补充当成分,后跟完整句子的是宾语从句。在从句中充当主语或宾语时为定语从句。定语:Do you know the girl that often comes here
4、.Hes the boy that I talked with just now.注:定语从句先行词一般是 who,whom,which that(that 可省略)。定语从句:先行词是 all.Few,little,something,everything,nothing等不定代词时,只能用 that。Eg.All that he said is true.先行词被 only,no,any,all 等词修饰时只能用 that。先行词被序数词修饰时只能用 that 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时只能用 that。先行词既包括人又包括物时,只能用 that。Eg.We all talked abou
5、t the people and the things that we remembered.在介词后只能用 which。Eg.The house in which I lived has been sold.宾语从句的时态问题:宾语从句的时态问题:1.如果主句为一般现在时,则宾语从句的时态不受限制,根据实际情况使用所需要的时态。I hear Jone left for Beijing yesterday.2.如果主句为一般过去时,则宾语从句的时态只能用过去的某种时态。Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.最新精品资料推荐 最新精品
6、资料推荐2 3.如果宾语从句为客观真理或普遍事实,则用一般现在时态。Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.4.如果宾语从句是由 when 引导的从句或带有时间状语的从句,则 when 引导的从句或时间状语从句中的时态不变。The teacher wanted to know when the girl was born.Tom said he had worked here since he left school.如果宾语从句含有过去的具体的年,月,日时其时态保持不变。I heared Lucy was born in 1986.5.
7、否定前移:如果主句的谓语动词是 think,guess,believe 等动词且接有否定的 that 宾语从句时,常将否定词提前到主句中。I dont think that Alice is an American.6.复合结构:在 think,find,make 等接有复合宾语的动词之后,为避免句子头重脚轻或关系模糊,常用 it 做形式宾语,而将真正做宾语的宾语从句放在宾补之后,即用“及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句”I think it important that we should learn swimming well.宾语从句考点速记口诀:宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。一是关
8、键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用 that,一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。状语从句看连词,根据连词的意思判断属于什么状语从句。尤其注意时间状语和条件状语的“主将从现”原则。7.We lost the way in the forest,and we didnt know _.A.where we get back B.when did we get back C.how we could get back 8.I dont
9、 know _ _she could finish the work by the end of this month.A.whether B.what C.when 9.“Underground”is the only word in the English language_starts and ends with the lettes“und”.A.what B.that C.who D.whom 10.All the students like the teachers_can understand them well.A.what B.who B.whom C.which 11.It
10、 will be hard for us to get up in the morning if we_to bed too late.A.go B.went C.will go D.have gone 12._he was very tired,he continued working in his office.A.Since B.Although C.As soon as D.Because 13.All _he said is true.A.that B.which C.what 14.This is the best book _ I have read this year.A.wh
11、ich B.that C.what 最新精品资料推荐 最新精品资料推荐3 15.I cant decide _to bu y this bike or not.A.whether B.if C.that 16.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25th _Chrismas day.A.is B.was C.has benn D.will be 17.wed like to tell you that you _the exam.A.have passed B.had passed C.pass D.will pass 18.Could yo
12、u tell me _?A.where is the nearest railway station B.where the nearest railway station was C.where the nearest railway station is D.where was the nearest railway station 19.he said he _three English songs since he came here.A.learned B.had learned C.would learn D.has learned 20.-when will you fly to
13、 Sydney?-pardon?I ask _ A.when will you fly to Sydney B.whether you will fly to Sydney C.that you will fly to Sydney D.when you will fly to Sydney 21.Excuse me,could you tell me _our tickets?A.where do we show B.where shall we show C.where did we show D.where we shall show 公共行政学形成性考核作业册参考答案 公共行政学作业
14、1 一、名词解释 1、地方政府体制:地方政府是设置于地方各级行政区域内的公共行政管理机关。地方政府体制是地方政府按照一定的法律或标准划分的政府组织形式。2、非营利组织:非营利组织是指组织的设立和经营不是以营利为目的,且净盈余不得分配,由志愿人员组成,实行自我管理的、独立的、公共或民间性质的组织团体。3、人事行政:人事行政是指国家的人事机构为实现行政目标和社会目标,通过各种人事管理手段对公共行政人员所进行的制度化和法治化管理。4、公文管理:公文管理就是对公文的创制、处置和管理,即在公文从形成、运转、办理、传递、存贮到转换为档案或销毁的一个完整周期中,以特定的方法和原则对公文进行创制加工、保管料理
15、,使其完善并获得功效的行为或过程。二、单项选择题 1被称为“人事管理之父”和行为科学的先驱者的是(C)。A普耳 B斯密 C欧文 D斯图亚特 2公共行政生态学的代表作公共行政生态学于 1961 年发表,该书的作者是(A)。A里格斯 B古立克 C德鲁克 D高斯 320 世纪 30 年代,古立克把管理职能概括为(A)。最新精品资料推荐 最新精品资料推荐4 A计划、组织、人事、指挥、协调、报告、预算 B领导、决策、组织、指挥、协调、人事、预算 C计划、领导、人事、指挥、组织、报告、预算 D计划、领导、人事、沟通、协调、组织、预算 4 公共行政环境的(D)首先表现在各种公共行政环境之间的差异性上。A约束性 B复杂性 C不稳定性 D特殊性 5政府由“守夜人”变成“社会主宰者”的时期是(C)。A前资本主义 B由资本主义 C垄断资本主义 D当代资本主义 6公共行政学研究的核心问题是(A)。A政府职能 B行政监督 C行政决策 D行政体制 7法国第五共和国宪法所确立的一种中央政府体制是(C)。A内阁制 B总统制 C半总统制 D委员会制 8内阁制,起源于 18 世纪的(A)国,后来为许多西方国家所采用。
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