初中英语中考简单句的基本句型总结.docx

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1、中考英语简单句基本句型一、主语+系动词+表语 如：He is a teacher.他是一名老师。二、主语+谓语（不及物动词）如 ：He died 10 years ago.他10年前去式了。三、主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语 如：I like watching TV.我喜欢看电视。 四、主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语 （“直物间人”）如：They told us the whole story.他们把事情的原委告诉了我们。【注意】如果两个宾语互换位置，需要借助介词to或for来表达。借to:give, send, lend, bring, show, tell, write, han

2、d, teach, offer, sell, return, throw, pass, take等 。借for:buy, cook, draw, make, do, get, sing, choose, order 等。如：He sent me a bag.=He sent a bag to me.他送给了我一个包。五、主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语如：I found him intelligent.我发现他很聪明。He told us to calm down.他叫我们冷静下来。六、There be 句型定义：表示的是“某处或某时有/存在某人或某物”。结构：“There be (i

3、s/are/was/were) +名词+地点/时间状语”。（它是倒装句，句子的主语是be动词后的名词。）1.There be句型的否定句:直接在be 后加上not, 也可以用no来表示。即，“no +n.单= not a/an +n.单” ，“no +n.复/un.=not any +n.复/un.”；如：There is an orange in her bag.她的包里有一个橙子。（变否定句）There isnt an orange in her bag.= There is no orange in her bag.2.There be 句型的一般疑问句：【注意】回答用Yes, ther

4、e be./ No, there .如：There is an orange in her bag.(变一般疑问句并作肯定、否定回答)Is there an orange in her bag?Yes, there is./ No, there isnt.3.There be句型的特殊疑问句：(1)对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Whos +介词短语？” ；当主语是物时，用“Whats +介词短语？”。（其中there 在口语中常常省略）【注意】无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式。回答时却要根据实际情况来决定。如：There is a little girl in t

5、he room. Whos in the room?谁在房间Whats over there? There are some birds over there.(2)对地点提问：对地点状语提问，用“Where is/are +主语”？（注意其答语变化）如：There is a computer in my office.(对划线部分提问)我的办公室有一台电脑。 Where is the computer? 回答：Its in my office.(3)对数量提问：【注意】如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many+ n.复 + are there + 介词短语？”如果主语是

6、不可数名词，则用“How much + un.+is there +介词短语 ？如：There is only one book in my bag.我包里只有一本书。(对划线部分提问) How many books are there in your bag?4.就近原则：当有两个或以上的的名词作主语， be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致。如：There is an apple and some bananas in the basket.There are some bananas and an apple in the basket. 5.There be 句型的相关句型：（1

7、）There be sb./sth.doing sth, +地点状语 某地有某人/某物正在做如：There are two boys swimming in the pool.泳池里有2个男孩在游泳。（2）There will be / There is/are going to be 将有如：There will be a party tomorrow.明天将有一场晚会。（3）There must be 一定有 如：There must be a mistake somewhere.一定是哪里错了。（4）There used to be 过去曾经有 如：There used to be an old temple over there.那边以前有座古庙。2