2022广东普通高中学业水平选择性考试化学真题及答案.pdf

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1、2023 word 2022 8 21 100 75 1.2B(A)2.2B 3.4.2B 5.H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Mg 24 S 32 Cl 35.5 Fe 56 16 44 110 2 1116 4 1.2023 word A.B.C.D.A.A B.B C.C D.D B A A B B C C D D B 2.A.B.C.D.D A H2 A B B C C D 92 D D 3.2023 word A.B.C.D.A.A B.B C.C D.D C A A B B C C D D C 4.A.B.C.D.A 2023 word NaCl Ca2+Na+N

2、a2CO3 Ca2+Mg2+NaOH BaCl2 BaCl2 Na2CO3 Na2CO3 Ca2+BaCl2 Na2CO3 NaOH HCl Na2CO3 NaOH A 5.(ad)A.B.a C.b c D.B A CuSO4 SO2 A B a SO2 SO2 B C b SO2 c SO2 KMnO4 SO2 C D CuSO42023 word CuSO4 2O H2O D B 6.A B C D A.A B.B C.C D.D A A A B B C C D D A 7.A.B.C.2023 word D.C Cl N F P S S C O Si P A A B B C C D D

3、 C 8.)A.A B.B C.C D.D D A HCl HCl Cl2 A A B B B C C D NaOH D D 2023 word D 9.A.B.C.D.A A A B C6H12O6 O B C CO 14 1molCO 23 24 C D D A 10.A.B.C.D.C 2023 word Mg Al Mg2+Al3+Cu Si Al3+Al Al A Mg Mg2+A B Al Al3+B C Cu Si C D D C 11.A.B.C.D.D 3%NaCl A A B B C KSCN KSCN C D K3Fe(CN)6 Fe2+2023 word K3Fe(CN

4、)6 D D 12.A B C D A.A B.B C.C D.D A A SiO2 SiO2 A B I II B C CCl4 I II C D FeCl3 I II D A 13.(n)2023 word A.B.a C.D.H2 C A H 0 A B a B C C D BaSO4 BaSO4 D C 14.A.B.C.2023 word D.B A CO2+OH-=A B NaOH Cl2+2OH-=Cl-+ClO-+H2O B C Na2O2 Na2O2 C D D B 15.I c t A.B.C.a X t D.D A A 2023 word B I II I B C II

5、02min Y 2.0mol/L a X 2.0mol/L a II X t C D I 02min Y 4.0mol/L(Y)=2.0(X)=(Y)=2.0=1.0 D D 16.()a A.b B.C.D.a C A a a a2023 word b A B a NaCl pH B C Na+Cl-NaCl C D 1molCl2 a 23g/mol 2mol=46g D C 56 1719 2021()42 17.()25 1 _mL 2 _ 3 25 2023 word 40.00/0 2.86 4.00/36.00 0 3.36 4.00 a b 3 4 4.53 4.00 4.00

6、 32.00 1 1 4.65 _ _ _(_ VIII 4 VIII 2 _ _ pH 5 2023 word _ pH 4.76 6 _ 1 5.0 2 C 3.3.00.33.00.II I 10 II pH 1 4.0.1104.5 20mL HAc 6 HClO(H2SO3 H3PO4)1 V=5.0mL 5.0 2 A A B B C C 2023 word D D C 3 VII n(NaAc)n(HAc)=3 4 V(HAc)=4.00mL V(NaAc)=3.00mL a=3.00,I 40.00mL V(H2O)=40.00mL-4.00mL-3.00mL=33.00mL

7、b=33.00 3.00 33.00 I pH=2.86 II c(HAc)I II pH=2.86+1=3.86 pH=3.363.86 n(H+)II I 10 II pH 1 4(i)HAc+NaOH=NaAc+H2O n(HAc)=n(NaOH)c(HAc)c(HAc)=0.1104mol/L 0.1104(ii)V(NaOH)=0 c(H+)=mol/L=10-2.88mol/L pH=2.88 V(NaOH)=11.04mL n(NaAc)=n(HAc)pH=4.76 V(NaOH)=22.08mL NaAc Ac-NaOH c(NaOH)0.1mol/L pH 13 5 20.0

8、0mL HAc V1mL NaOH NaAc2023 word c(H+)HAc Ka 20.00mL HAc n(NaAc)=n(HAc)20mL HAc 6 HClO H2SO3 H2SO3 H3PO4 HClO(H2SO3 H3PO4)18.()()pH 8.8 pH pH 8.8 1.5 3.6 6.27.4 pH/3.2 4.7/1 _ 2 pH _ _ 3 2 2023 word _()4 _ _ 5 _()6(Y)1mol _ _ 1 Fe2+2.4.7 pH6.2.3 4.0 10-4 4.5 MgSO4 6.15.O2+4e-+2H2O=4OH-()MgSO4 pH 1 2

9、MgSO4 RECl3 1 Fe2+Fe3+Fe2+Fe2+2 pH 4.7 pH 6.27.4 pH 4.7 pH6.2 2023 word 4.7 pH6.2 3 2 0.1125mol/L=4 10-4 4 10-4 4 5 MgSO4 MgSO4 6 Y+3 Pt+4 0 1mol 15 15 O2+4e-+2H2O=4OH O2+4e-+2H2O=4OH-19.1 _ _ _()2023 word 3 _()_ 2()()_ A.pH B.C.()D.25 pH x y x y z _ _()2023 word(A)()A()A A()()A _ a b _(1.N2.4H2O.(E

10、1-E2)+H+(E3-E4).2NO+O2=2NO2 2.BD.pH=9=0.20(ii)K2=-7 2023 word-4mol/L.3.1 Cr2O3 N2 H2O N2 4H2O M N H1=(E1-E2)H2=H H3=(E3-E4)1 H1+H2+H3=(E1-E2)+H+(E3-E4)(E1-E2)+H+(E3-E4)NH3 Cr2O3 O2 NO NO O2 NO2 NO2 H2O HNO3 NO O2 HNO3 NH3 3 HNO3 NO NO2 2NO+O2=2NO2 2NO+O2=2NO2 2 K2Cr2O7(i)(ii)A c(H+)(ii)c(H+)pH A B(i

11、)(ii)B C NaOH(ii)(i)C 2023 word D(i)K1=K2Cr2O7 D BD 0.10mol/L K2Cr2O7 Cr 0.20mol/L pH=9.00 Cr=0.20mol/L x y z mol/L=0.10 8 pH=9=0.20(ii)K2=-7-4mol/L(i)(ii)pH A pH max 3(i)K1=(ii)K2=ba pH a b c(H+)3()14 2 3 2023 word 20.()()1 S _ 2 _ 3 IIII _ A I B I C II D II E IIII O 4 IV _ 5 _()_ 6 X 1 x y z 2 202

12、3 word X _ X X K _()1 4s24p4 2 3 BDE 4 O Se 5.6.K2SeBr6.1 3s23p4 S Se 4s24p4 4s24p4 2 3 A I A B Se Se I B C II B D II sp2 sp D E IIII O E BDE 4 2023 word IV O Se O Se 5 Se 6 K 8 X K2SeBr6 K2SeBr6 X anm X K 5 21.I V VII 1 I _ _()2 II 2023 word _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 IV _ 4 IV V a a _ 5 VI _ _ 6 VIII VIII _()1.C5H4O2.2.-CHO.O2.-COOH.-COOH.CH3OH.-COOCH3.()3 4 5.2.2023 word 6 1 C5H4O2 C5H4O2 2-CHO-COOH-CHO O2-COOH-COOH()-COOH CH3OH-COOCH3()3 4 100%1 mol 1 mola 2molV a C2H4 5 C3H6O 2 6 2023 word 2023 word