2021届广州二模英语试题（含答案+解析）.pdf

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1、2021届 广 州 二 模 英 语 试 题（含 答 案+解 析）秘 密 启 用 前 试 卷 类 型：B2021年 广 州 市 普 通 高 中 毕 业 班 综 合 测 试（二）英 语（含 答 案）精 校 版 本 试 卷 共 10页，满 分 120分，考 试 用 时 120分 钟。注 意 事 项：1答 卷 前，考 生 务 必 将 自 己 的 姓 名、考 生 号、试 室 号 和 座 位 号 填 写 在 答 题 卡 上。用 2 B铅 笔 将 试 卷 类 型（B）填 涂 在 答 题 卡 相 应 位 置 上，并 在 答 题 卡 相 应 位 置 上 填 涂 考 生 号。因 笔 试 不 考 听 力，试 卷 从

2、 第 二 部 分 开 始，试 题 序 号 从“21”开 始。2.作 答 选 择 题 时，选 出 每 小 题 答 案 后，用 2 B铅 笔 把 答 题 卡 对 应 题 目 选 项 的 答 案 信 息 点 涂 黑。如 需 改 动，用 橡 皮 擦 干 净 后，再 选 涂 其 他 答 案。答 案 不 能 答 在 试 卷 上。3.非 选 择 题 必 须 用 黑 色 字 迹 的 钢 笔 或 签 字 笔 作 答，答 案 必 须 写 在 答 题 卡 各 题 目 指 定 区 域 内 的 相 应 位 置 上；如 需 改 动，先 划 掉 原 来 的 答 案，然 后 再 写 上 新 答 案；不 准 使 用 铅 笔 和

3、 涂 改 液。不 按 以 上 要 求 作 答 无 效。4.考 生 必 须 保 持 答 题 卡 的 整 洁。考 试 结 束 后，将 试 卷 和 答 题 卡 一 并 交 回。第 二 部 分 阅 读（共 两 节，满 分 5 0分）第 一 节(共 15小 题；每 小 题 2.5分，满 分 37.5分)阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。ACHAMBORD CASTLE,LOIR-ET-CHER,FRANCEA remarkable example of classical French architecture,Chambord

4、Castle is the largest castle in the Loire Valleyof France.Built in 1519 as a hunting lodge for the royalcourt,the building was rarely lived in.There are onehundred rooms(of 440)open-to thepublic and dozens of staircases,including one said tohave been designed by Leonardo da Vinci.Thesurrounding 21-s

5、quare-mile nature park entertains withhiking and-biking routes and boat rentals.LEEDS CASTLE,KENT,UNITED KINGDOMSituated on two islands in the middle of a lake,LeedsCastle provides a grand and romantic experience.It hasserved as a royal residence for most of its 900-yearhistory.The 500-acre English

6、castle now hosts year-round cultural events,with three restaurants,a bed-and-breakfast and a yew tree maze.MOSZNA CASTLE,POLANDMoszna Castle was originally designed in Baroque stylein the 17th century,but the later addition of a neo-Gothicbrought Hogwarts appeal to the castle,especially at nightwhen

7、 its 99 towers and glowing windows twinkle in theoutdoor reflecting pool.Nowadays,art exhibits andindoor concerts attract visitors to the 365-room castle.BRAN CASTLE,BRASOV,ROMANIABran Castle originally dates back to the year 1212 andis mistakenly believed to be the home in Bram StokersDracula.The a

8、uthor never visited thisfortress,commonly known as Draculas Castle,butit still attracts literature fans to its weakly-lit hallwaysfor night tours and an annual Halloweenparty.21.What can visitors-to Chambord Castle do?A.Hunt in the nature park.B.Go boating with friends.C.Live in any of its rooms.D.A

9、dmire da Vincispaintings.22.Visitors interested in beautiful night-time views cango t o.A.CHAMBORD CASTLEB.LEEDS CASTLEC.MOSZNA CASTLED.BRAN CASTLE23.Which castle has the longest history?A.CHAMBORD CASTLE.B.LEEDS CASTLE.C.MOSZNA CASTLE.D.BRAN CASTLE.BTourists to the North Antrim Coast come for itsbr

10、eathtaking beauty On this stretch of coast,myth andhistory live side by side,and running out of things to dois near impossible.Giants Causeway,Carrick-a-Rede,the Iron Isles filming locations.However,when I make my way to the north of the-country in October,none of them are onmy mind.What brings me t

11、o the coastal town of Portrushare the waves.Located,on a peninsula,Portrush is home to threebrilliant beaches and all the usual points of interest of acoastal town.But what makes the North Antrim Coast sospecial is the promise of the consistent waves hitting itsshores.Although still relatively unkno

12、wn,ifs a surfersdream destination.This is the home of six-time Irishnational surfing champion,Andrew Hill,after all.I meet Andrew at his surf shop,the most popular inPortrush.After hiring a surf board and jumping inthewater at West Strand,I quickly realise that my trustedwetsuit is not enough.Within

13、 just 30 minutes,Ive lostall feeling in my feet and hands,and my ears are burning.I retreat to a nearby cafe and gulp down steaming teabefore popping by Andrews shop again.Surf boots arewhat I need,we decide.I leave with a new determinationto master the icy Atlantic waves.Im invited to surf adiffere

14、nt spot with Andrew and his friend that afternoon,but I decline his generous offer.My head is set on onething only:taking revenge on the same wavesthatalmost turned me into an ice block that very morning.Even with boots,surfing the cold waters of Portrushleaves my feet purple.1 become covered in bru

15、ises thatdont register until I thaw out each night,and it takes acouple of days to fully regain feeling in my hands.Butits worth it,and I would gladly do it all over again.24.What does the underlined word them in paragraph2 refer to?A.The popular attractions.B.Coastal towns.C.The filming locations.D

16、.Passionate tourists.25.Why is the author attracted to the North Antrim Coast?A.It has internationally famous beaches.B.Ifs home to the usual seaside interests.C.It produces excellent waves for surfing.D.Its the hometown of a surfing champion.26.The author goes back to the surf shop t o.A.better equ

17、ip himself for the challengeB.consult with some experienced surfersC.accompany the owner on a later surf tripD.quickly warm himself up with some hot tea27.What is the tone of the passage?A.Narrative and serious.B.Persuasive and critical.C.Descriptive and positive.D.Informative and objective.CWhen th

18、e Chinese spacecraft（航 天 器）Change-5returned to Earth on December 17,2020,it brought back something not seen on our planet sincethe 1970s:moon rock samples.Thisprecious cargo,collected by Change-5s roboticresearch vehicle in the northwest region of the lunar nearside,is now being studied by scientist

19、s in Beijing.Thesuccess of the latest Chinese space mission alsoshowcased technology that may be used in future yearsto create human settlements on Earth?s near neighbour.The returned lunar samples will absolutely add newknowledge of the history of the moon,particularly itsvolcanoes,says Xiao Long,a

20、 planetary scientist atChina University of Geosciences.The rocks sent back byChange-5 will ask us to rethink about why and how themoons volcanic history lasted this long,“he says.The Change-5 mission was more than just a trip tocollect moon rocks.It was also the latest stage of along,planned sequenc

21、e of robotic lunar explorations by Chinathat have grown ever more scientifically advanced.The program began with the 2007 launch of Change-1 and Change-2 three years later.These craft circled themoon collecting data used to help guide Change-3 andChang,e-4,the first Chinese spacecraft to land on the

22、moon surface,and to direct their robotic vehicles.Therobot on Change-5 was able to collect rock and soilsamples and return them to Earth.In the near future,anidentical spacecraft called Chang,e-6 will attempt asample-return mission from the moons south pole-an area of intense scientific interest-giv

23、en the largeamount of water ice present.The more advanced Change-7 and Change-8spacecraft are also planned to land near the south pole tocarry out analysis of the region and test newtechnologies,including detecting and obtaining materialsthat could be useful to future human explorers,such aswater an

24、d hydrogen,and testing 3-D printing on thelunar surface.The long-term aim of the Changs program is toestablish an International Lunar ResearchStation around 2030 to support robotic and,eventually,crewed missions.28.What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The moons recent volcanic activities.B.The signifi

25、cance of the moon rock samples.C.New knowledge of the history of the moon.D.Further studies of the returned lunar samples.29.What distinguishes the mission of Chang,e-6 fromthat of Change-5?A.The technology they use.B.The time they spend on the moon.C.The specific locations they explore.D.The amount

26、 of material they bring back.3O.Change-7 and Change-8 space missions are mainlyintended t o.A.transport researchers to the moon stationB.build up an International Lunar Research StationC.collect data necessary to guide moon-landingspacecraftD.find and test resources and means to support living onthe

27、 moon31.Which of the following best summarizes theChang5 s space program?A.A project to study the surface of the moon.B.A plan to improve human settlements on the moon.C.A set of experiments to test the possibility of mannedspacecraft.D.A series of increasingly challenging scientific lunarexploratio

28、ns.DWhat makes people so special?Tool use,self consciousness,language,and culture are high on the list,but in fact all of these characteristics can be foundelsewhere in the animal kingdom.Humans and apes areclose relatives,so it is perhaps not surprising thatchimpanzees use tools or that gorillas(大

29、猩 猩)have asense of fair play,even rejecting carrots(whichthey normally accept)when they see their neighborsgetting grapes.But the qualities that we often think of asuniquely human exist not just on land,but in the oceanas well.Among the invertebrates,octopuses(八 爪 鱼)areknown for their intelligence,e

30、ven exhibiting evidence ofplayfulness,tool use,and personality.But these skilledpredators live alone and consequently lack culture.Dolphins,on the other hand,are large-brained,long-living,social-group-based predators,and it is here thatwe find the greatest similarity to human-like culture andawarene

31、ss.Culture depends on the ability of animals to pass onthings they have learned to others.Many animals haveculture in this sense,but what sets dolphins apart is whatthey pass on.Some bottlenose dolphins hold sponges intheir mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fishhiding on the ocean floor.Thi

32、s ability is handed downthrough generations(especially in females),with somefamilies-grandmother,mother,and daughter-allfeeding in this highly specialized way.Another characteristic that dolphins share withhumans is their ability to recognize themselves in amirror.When facing a mirror,most animals b

33、ehave asthough they are interacting with another individual.Evenin humans,the ability to recognize that the image in amirror is oneself does not occur before the age of 18months.Dolphins not only recognize themselves,but if ablack mark is put on the body of a dolphin,it will spendextra time at the m

34、irror to look at the mark.32.The example of gorillas rejecting carrots showst h e y.A.are not easy to foolB.prefer fruit to vegetablesC.have a special taste for foodD.have an awareness of equality33.What do octopuses lack compared with dolphins?A.Social interaction.B.Intelligence.C.Tool using abilit

35、y.D.Fun-loving spirits.34.What makes dolphin culture special?A.They tend to hunt in groups.B.Their hunting skills are passed down.C.Their learning environment is favourable.D.Their families are typically female-controlled.35.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Dolphins enjoy looking at th

36、eir own reflection in themirror.B.Dolphins are as intelligent as a typical 18-month-oldhuman baby.C.Dolphins are generally regarded as the most advancednon-human species.D.Dolphins5 ability to recognize their own reflection isa higher-order mental skill.第 二 节（共 5 小 题；每 小 题 2.5分，满 分 12.5分）阅 读 下 面 短 文

37、，从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项。选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项。Critical thinking is making an effort to improve theway you think.36 We use this process to solveproblems,make arguments and evaluate claims.Ifsimportant in just about every area of life.Most of our thinking is not critical thinking.

38、We dontneed to make many judgments to travel to work or cookdinner.37 Critical thinking can save us from blindlymaking poor choices.So how can you improveyour critical thinking skills?You need to practise.Thereare many ways of doing that.Here are a few:-38 Look at articles or books written by people

39、 onall sides of the issue.For each source,evaluate theargument:What claim is it making?What reasons does itgive?Are the reasons logical?When you see or hear a claim,ask questions about it.Who is making the claim and why?What is theclaimants background and how does this motivate theiropinion?Evaluate

40、 your own thinking.Where do you tend tonot think critically?Why dont you?How can youimprove?Question things you assume.What claims do youaccept without knowing the reasons for them?39 Tryto find out what others believe about that claim and why.As you grow in critical thinking,youll become awiser and

41、 more thoughtful person.40A.Stick to your claim.B.Read about a topic people disagree on.C.When you think of one,do some research.D.Its analyzing facts separately so you can makedecisions.E.And it may help you to succeed at work or school aswell.F.Well only use it if we make a conscious effort to ask

42、questions about what we see.G.But when a problem comes our way,we need to thinkcritically to decide how to solve it.第 三 部 分 语 言 运 用（共 两 节；满 分 3 0分）第 一 节（共 15小 题；每 小 题 1分，满 分 15分）阅 读 下 面 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中 选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项。A famous theorist once said,I dont divide the worldi

43、nto the weak and the strong:or the successes and thefailures.!divide the world into the learners and the non learners.What on earth would make someone a non-learner?Everyone is born with an intense 41 to learn.Babiesrise to the learning challenge daily.Not justfor 42 tasks.but the most difficult one

44、s of a lifetime,like leaning to walk and talk.They never decide ifs toohard or not worth the 43.Babies dont worry aboutmaking mistakes or 44 themselves.They walk,theyfall,they 45.What puts an end to this fearless learning?A fixedmindset.As soon as children become able to evaluatethemselves,some of t

45、hem become 46 of challenges.They worry about not being 47.My research teamhave studied thousands of people from preschoolers on,and Its breathtaking how many 48 an opportunity tolearn.We offered four-year-olds a 49：they could redoan easy jigsaw（拼 图）or try a harder one.Even at thisyoung age,children

46、with a fixed mindset stuck withthe 50 one.They believe smart kids dont make 51Children with a growth mindset,however,thought itwas a 52 choice.Why would anyone want to keepdoing the same puzzle 53?They chose increasinglydifficult-ones instead.Believing that success is about learning,children witha g

47、rowth mindset seized the chance.But those with afixed mindset didnt want to expose their 54.This ishow a fixed mindset makes people into 55.41.A.fear B.drive C.competition D.concentration42.A.crucial B.mental C.ordinary D.particular43.A.attention B.effort C.interest D.time44.A.confusing B.behaving C

48、.punishing D.hurting45.A.get up B.give up C.show up D.shut up46.A.afraid B.ashamed C.confident D.ignorant47.A.adorable B.curious C.modest D.smart48.A.seize B.ruin C.reject D.require49.A.lesson B.choice C.gift D.game50.A.challenging B.interesting C.new D.simple51.A.decisions B.jigsaws C.mistakes D.pr

49、edictions52.A.strange B.promising C.profitable D.difficult53.A.repeatedly B.unwillingly C.automatically D.properly54.A.secrets B.thoughts C.preferences D.weaknesses55.A.theorists B.perfectionists C.non-learners D.risk takers第 二 节(共 10小 题；每 小 题 1.5分，满 分 15分；阅 读 下 面 短 文，在 空 白 处 填 入 1个 适 当 的 单 词 或 括 号

50、内 单 词 的 正 确 形 式。The glass,harp is one of the most extraordinaryinstruments in the world.It doesnt even appear tobe 56 instrument at first glance,and it isnt actually aharp at all.Instead,it5s just a set of glasses on a table.The glasses are of different sizes and some are filledwith water.57(play)th