高中英语 名词性从句讲解.docx

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载名词性从句PART1完成以下题目，并分别指出它们是什么从句the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. IfI wonderyou will go shopping or stay at home.A. that B. if C. whether D. whatThis is hewasoftenlate for school.A. what B. that C. why D. whetherWe all know the truth the earth around th

2、e sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move名词性从句的功能：相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。His job is important.（主语）What he does is important.（主语）This is his job.（表语）This is what he does every day.（表语）I don like his job,（宾语）I dont like what he does every day.（宾语）I dont know about th

3、e fact that he is a teacher.（同位语）I dont know about the man, Mr. White.（同位语）得出结论：因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类，即：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。PART 2名词性从句的类型：1 .主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语。连接词有that, whether; who, what .which; when ,where,how, why等。如： he is a famous singer is known to us. he will go to America is not yet fi

4、xed. shes coming or not doesnt matter too much. broke the glass yesterday is not clear.注意：1.为避免主语冗长，句子头重脚轻，经常用it作形式主语，主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。学习好资料欢迎下载12. I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.-Oh, that was probably I was seeing the doctor.A. whenB. whyC. whatD. thatSee the flags on top of the buil

5、ding? That was we did this morning.A. when B. whichC. whereD. whatmakes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhateverD. WhoeverThe poor young man is ready to accept help he can get.A. whichever B. howeverC. whateverD. wheneverThe way he did it was different we

6、 were used to.A. in whichB. in whatC. from whatD. from whichGreat changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer it was 20 years ago,it was sopoorly equipped.A.what;whenB. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; thatSome researchers believe that there is no doubt a care for AIDS will be found.A

7、. whichB. thatC. whatD. whetherAlong with the letter was his promise he would visit me this coming Christmas.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whetherA modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where欢迎下载学习好资料记住以下it作形式主语的句型：It,slikely/possible/important/necessary/de

8、ar that.很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚Its said / reported that据说/据报道Itseems/appears/happensthat.显然、 明显、碰巧.Its been announced / declared that.已经通知 / 宣布.Its no wonder that并不奇怪/无疑Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge （众所周矢口）/ a common saying （俗话说）that. It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.A. whileB. thatC

9、. ifD. forIt remains a question we can get so much money in such a short time.A. howB. thatC. whenD. whatIt is known to us where there is pollution, there is harm.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that2.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作 主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。When and where he was bomliasn,t been found.When he w

10、as born and where he was born haven?t been found.When and why the person was murderedis still unknown.When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown.Exercises: .makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A. WhatB. WhoC. WhateverD. WhoeverI can pay back

11、 the help that people give me makes me very happy.A. WhereB. WhatC.ThatD. HowIts not clear was responsible for the accident.A. WhoB. WhatC. HowD. Thatin the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A. What is required B. What requires C.It is required D.

12、It requires2 .表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。弓【导词有连词that, whether, as if, as though; who, what, which, whose; when, where, how, why, because 等。如： The problem is we didnt get in touch with him. This is Henry solved the problem. His suggestion is we （should） finish the work at once.欢迎下载学习好资料It lookedit was going to

13、 rain. The reason we didnt trust him is he has oftenlied.注意：1. 如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice, order, demand, proposal等名词时,后面弓I导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略 他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.2. The reason is that的理由是，.的原因是The reason he was late again was he was c

14、aught in the traffic jam.The reason I have to go is my mother is ill in bed.A .why; whyB. why; becauseC. why; thatD. that; becauseIt is because .这是因为Exercises: This is she was born.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. whatThe question is we cant go there today.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whenThe reason he has mad

15、e such great progress is he has never wasted his time.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whatMy advice is that he school by bike.A. go toB. would go toC. goes toD. went toshe couldn91 understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; whyB.That; whatC. What; becauseD. Why; thatEn

16、ergy is makes things work.A. whatB. everything C. something D. anything 3.宾语从句：在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导词有连词that,whether,if;who,whom,whose,what,which; when ,where, how, why 等。如：v+宾语从句，即“动宾”：We believe that he is honest. / I asked if they had a cheap suit. / Can you tell me which dictionary is hers? / I really

17、dont know what he is doing. I just dont understand that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as onemight expect.A .why it doesB. what it doesC. what it isD. why it is Dont you believe me?, I will believe you say.欢迎下载学习好资料A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter whatC. No; no matter what D. Yes; w

18、hatever What did your parents think about your decision?” They always let me do I thinkI should.”A. when B. thatC. howD. whatprep +宾语从句，即“介宾”：Hes pleased with what we did yesterday. / Pay attention to what the teacher said. I wish to have a friend with shares my hobbies and interests.A. whomever B.

19、no matter who C. whoever D. anyoneMary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.A. whyB. whatC. whoD. thatIt was a matter of would take the position.A. who B. whoeverC. whom D. whomeveradj +宾语从句,即“形宾”：Im sure that my brother will love the jacket. / I am glad that you can come and help

20、 me.不能误将It+be +adj +that”的主语从句当成宾语从句.如：ItisnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.注意：whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。宾语从句是否定句时，只用if,不用whetheroI wonder if it doesnt rain.用if会引起误解，就要用whetheroPlease let me know whether you want to go.(如果把 whether 改成 if,容易当成条件句理解)宾语从句中的whether与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用

21、，可换成if。I don t know whether or not the report is true.I don t know whether the report is true or not.介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用，构成whether to do结构。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引昱 条件从句日寸， 乂育占用 if, 而不管自用 whethercThey don t know whether to go there.Please come to see me if yo

22、u have time.Exercises: I asked her she had a bike. we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. We re worried about he is safe. I don t knowhe is well or not.欢迎下载学习好资料I don t knowor not he is well. The question is he should do it. The doctor can hardly answer the question th

23、e old man will recover soon.(2)如果宾语从句是由that引导，and或but连接的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句，那么只有第一个 that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不能省略.He said (that) the text was very difficult and that we had to work hard at it.My deskmate told me (that) he watched a football match last night, but that it was very discouraging.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足

24、语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略.He has made it clear that he will win the game.I find it necessary that we should learn English well.We find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day.(3)表示“建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，advise, suggest, order, request, require, demand 等，从句用虚拟语气,用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,shoul

25、d可省略(4)在“主语+ believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从 句肯定。I dont think he will come.I dont think ril trouble you again.I dont expect that they will get married soon.(5)宾语从句的时态呼应：a.如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes.b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me.b.如

26、果主句谓语是一般过去时，从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态，但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真 理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备.He told me.他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的.The teacher told us.Exercises: Do you see I mean?A, that B./ C. how D. whatTell me is on your mind.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whyWe must stick to we have agreed on.A. whatB

27、. that C. /D. howLet me see .欢迎下载学习好资料A. that canlrepairthe radio C.I can repair the radio Keep in mind.A. that the teacher saidA. that canlrepairthe radio C.I can repair the radio Keep in mind.B. that the teacher saidC. whether I can repair the radio D. whether can I repair the radioD. what did the

28、 teacher sayC. that did the teacher sayD. what the teacher said4.同位语从句：在复合句中起同位语的作用。一般放在名词idea ； belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ； news,information;hope;thought;promise等之后，用以说明或解释前面的名词。常用 that, whether, who, whom, when, where, why, how, which等引 导（whose 和 which 不弓I 导同位语从句） We all know the truth the e

29、arth goes round the sun.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whether We heard the news our team had won.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where The problem it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A. whichB. thatC. whetherD. if They expressed the hope they would come over to China.A. which B. that C. whom D. when T

30、he fact he didnt see Tom yesterday is true.A. that B. which C. when D. what注意：1 .名词suggestion, advice, order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略。a. The suggestion that he at the meeting was agreed to by most people.A.was put forwardB. put forwardC. should look forward D. looked forwardb. The sugges

31、tion that we to picnic onSunday was agreed to by most people.A went B.would go C.go D.were allowed to go.同位语从句有时没有紧跟在名词后面，而是被别的词分开，称为隔裂式同位语从句。He got the news from Mary that the sports meetingwas put off.Word came that Tom would go abroad. The question came up at the meeting we had enough money for o

32、ur research.A. thatB. whatC. which D. whetherTheres a feeling in me we9ll never know whataUFO isnotever.A.thatB. whichC.ofwhich D.whatIt remains a question we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B.that C. when D. whatDandy left word with my secretary he would call again in the afternoon

33、.欢迎下载学习好资料A. whoA. whoB.thatC. asD. which3.如何判断同位语从句和定语从句？a,定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定 语从句中充当一个成分，充当宾语成分时可省略。b.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用，无具体含义，且不可省略.五.名词性从句的考点归纳：1 .名词性从句的语序：a. That + 陈述句：That light travels in straight lines is known to

34、all.-1 saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.-it made me nearly mad.A. That he brokeB. What he brokeC. He brokeD. His breakb.疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述语序，不能用一般疑问句语序，即“疑问词+句子的剩余成分”。I dont know when he will go to Nanjing. / This is what we are looking for.a. How was he successful is still a puz

35、zle.()How he was successful is still a puzzle.()Could you tell me where he lives?()Could you tell me where does he live?().表示“建议，命令，要求”的名词性从句，$n(suggest)suggestion? (advise)advice, order, request, demand 等，要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省略。2 . that可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略that不可省略的情况：主语从句表语从句同位语从句用it做形式宾语的

36、宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略 I dont thinkshe is coming. It is a pity he has made such a mistake. The reason is he is careless. The news our team won the match inspired us. I dont think it necessary you shouldread English aloud. He told me his father had diedand he had to make a living alone.4.关于wh

37、ether与if的使用:学习好资料欢迎下载 What the doctor is uncertain about is my mother will recover from the serious diseasesoon.A. whenB. howC. whetherD. whyElephants have their own way to tell the shape of an obj ect and it is rough or smooth.A.不填B. whetherC. howD. whatThe question is the film is worth seeing.A. i

38、fB. whatC. whetherD. howhis dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.A. ThatB. WhetherC. IfD. Even ifExercise: 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont knowbroke the glass yesterday. 我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea he looks like. 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is

39、 I left my glasses.指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种？1 .What he wants is a book.2 . It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.3 . Tm so glad that I can make friends with you.4 .This is why he did it.5 .Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet?6 .That he wants a book

40、 is certain.1.1 suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition.8 .Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much.9 . He doesn t know whether you can sing it well.10 .The problem is whether you can sing it well.1 l.The problem whether it is right or wron&has not been decided.12.Plea

41、se tell me who your monitor is.判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句？1. China is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.欢迎下载学习好资料How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.4. The n

42、ews that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.5. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.6. That is where Lu Xun used to live.7. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.8. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?10.1 w

43、onder why she refused my invitation.相关练习：1.1 have no idea he will comeback.A. where B. when C. what D. thatThe news surprised everybody yesterday now proves tobe false.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. howOne of the men held the view the book said was right.A. what thatB. that whichC. that whatD. which thatWo

44、rd has come some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A. whatB. whetherC. thatD. whichThey received orders the work be done at once.A .whichB. whenC. /D .that6.I can understand is she wants to change her mind.A. What; why B. Which; how 7.1 have the information.A. of what he

45、Ul come soonC.ofthatheUlcome soon8. Can I help you? Yes, do you know?A. when comes the busC. when does the bus comeC.That;whyD. What; becauseB. that hell come soonD. his coming soonB. when will come the busD. when the bus comesHe made a promise anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A. thatB. ifC. whatD. that ifThey lost their way in the forest and made matters worse was night began to fall.A. what; thatB. it; thatC. what; whenD. which; whatWed like to do we can the poor.A. how; helpB. all; to helpC. whatever; helpD. however; to help