2023年初中英语语法之分词要点总结及专项训练.docx

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1、2023年初中英语语法之分词要点总结及专项训练分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词，具有形容词功能，同 时又表现各种动词性特点，在句子中可以作状语，表语，宾补，定语 等，用途非常广泛。分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词，分为现在分词和过去 分词两种，是一种非谓语动词形式，分词可以有自己的状语，宾语, 逻辑主语。作状语：分词作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、 伴随等，且其逻辑主语需要与句中主语相一致。eg. When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us.当离开机场时，她不停的向我们挥手Once recove

2、red, he again devoted himself into work.一恢复身体他就再次投入工作作定语：作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语则 置于被修饰词的后面。go out.A. togetgettingbeD.B. to getting having got15.15.If you go there alone afterdark you might be getA. attacked robbedC. to rob and robbedandB. attacking and robbingattackandD. to be attacked16. She g

3、ets about quite a lot,for aninternational company.A. workingB. worksC. havingworkedD. to beworking17. him enough time to get home before you telephone.A. GiveTo giveB. GivingGiven18. She didn, t want to a secretary all her life,so she went back to college.A. goonbeing B. go on to beC. gotobego being

4、19. He was reading his book, completely to the world.A. lostB. losingloseD. to having lost20. Don t sit there come and help me!A. watchwatchingB. to watchto be watching21. I found I could easily make myself by using signlanguage.A. understoodunderstandB. to understandC. being understood22. Do not le

5、ave the building unless to do so.A. to instructinstructedD.instructedinstructing23. If you don, t succeed the first time,again.A. tryto tryB. tryingto be trying24. He, d walked the streets all night somewhere to stay.A. lookedlooked forB. lookinglooking for25. Look at that little boy about - perhaps

6、 hes lost his mother.A. wanderwanderingB. tobewanderingD.being wandering【参考答案】15 BCBAA 610 CCACA1115 BCABA 1620 AAAAB2125 ABADBeg. We will continue our project as soon as we get the added support.一旦拿到额外的援助，我们会尽快继续项目。More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed

7、countries.越来越多的发展中国家和发达国家建立了战略合作 关系。作表语：作表语时作用相当于形容词。eg. Developing country.发展中国家。A lot of confused idea .许多混乱的观念。做宾语补足语：eg. I see her passing my window every day.我看见她每天经过我窗前。We will have this works finished tomorrow.我们明天会完成这些工作。现在分词的用法分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词，具有形容词功能，同 时又表现各种动词性特点，在句子中可以作状语，表语，宾补，定语 等，用途

8、非常广泛，分为现在分词和过去分词两类，也就是动词的 ing形式和ed形式。做表语：相当于形容词，表示主语的性质eg. He is an amusing man.他是一个很搞笑的人。作定语：单个单词修饰发出该动作的名词，置于前面，短语置于 后面，相当于定语从句eg. That must be a terrifying experience.那一定是个糟糕的经历。There are some girls dancing outside classroom.有一些女孩在教室外跳舞。作状语：现在分词短语可以表示一个同时发生的次要的或伴随的 动作：eg. Carrying the schoolbag,

9、he opened the door.他打开门，背上书包。现在分词短语还可以表示原因:eg. Being refused, he is very sad.被拒绝了，他很伤心。现在分词短语还可以表示时间：eg. Be careful when you cleanning the window.擦窗的时候小心点。作宾补：置于动词之后。eg. I see something burning.我看到有些东西在燃烧。过去分词的用法过去分词是一种非谓语动词，在句中不能单独做谓语。但它具有 形容词和副词的特性，因此在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和 状语。过去分词作定语过去分词作定语有两种情况，如果过去分

10、词单个的词，就放在被 修饰的词的前面；若为分词短语则放在所修饰的词的后面。The excited children are opening their Christmas presents.兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。Some of the people invited to the party can, t come.有些被邀请参加晚会的人不能来。注意：做定语用的过去分词通常指已完成的动作：如指未来的情 况，则用不定式的被动形式。过去分词作表语The library is now closed.图书馆关门了。注意过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要 是表示主语的状态，

11、而被动语态则表示动作。过去分词作主语补足语What made you so frightened?什么使你这样惊恐？英语语法专项训练分词1. Anyonebags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped bythe police.A. seencarryB. seen carryingC. sawtocarryD. sawcarrying2. The plane crashed, all 200 people aboard.A. killedhaving killedB. killinghad killed3. We solved the problem by red

12、ucing our costs and more money.A. borrowedborrowingB. wouldborrowD. hadborrowed4. I asked the boss for a month s holiday and, it or not, he agreed.A. believeto believeB. believingbelieved5. The new manager started last week, with him plenty of new ideas.A. bringingbroughtB. to bringC. to have brough

13、t6. Any student will be disqualified from the exam.A. catchingcheatingB. catching to cheatC. caughtcheatingD. caught tocheat7. She read the letter through before sending it, for spelling mistakes.A. checkedto be checkingB. checkinghaving checked8. Before you decide to leave your job,the effectit wi1

14、1 have on your family.A. considerconsideringB. toconsiderD.considered9. If you re going on a long car journey, sure thevehicle s in good condition.A. makingto makeB. makehaving made10. the road round to the right and you 11 findhis house.A. FollowFollowingB. TobefollowingD. Havingfollowed11. He arri

15、ved at the office early,a good example to the others.A. setC. tobesetD. having set12. He pushed his way through the crowd, Excuse me.A. to saysaidB. sayinghaving saying13. The film star walked to his car, a crowd of journalists.A. followed byB. following byC. to followto be followed by14. uWhere is David?” “He is upstairs ready to