九-2023学年河北省石家庄市高三上学期期末考试英语试题听力.docx

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1、2022-2023学年一学期高三年级期末考试英语（时间120分钟，满分150分）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本 试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完

2、每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一 遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15.答案是C。1. What is the man most satisfied with about the new job?A. The location. B. The pay. C. The vacation time.2. What is the man doing?A. Asking for information. B. Giving directions. C. Waiting for a bu

3、s.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a shopping mall. B. In a supermarket. C. In the street.4. What does the woman decide to do?A. Go climbing. B. Buy camping equipment. C. Stay at home.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. What to eat today.B. Where to find the menu

4、.C. How to post a notice online.【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Moderately active folks were the most important for drawing people who are sedentary to become active, and to sustain that activity. Thomas explained that sedentary people would be unlikely to change their behavior when placed in a group of the extr

5、emely active, as it would seem unattainable（适度运动 的人是吸引久坐的人变得活跃并保持这种活动的最重要的因素。托马斯解释说，久坐不动的人在一组极度 活跃的人群中不太可能改变他们的行为，因为这似乎是不可能实现的）”可推知，常活跃的人对久坐不动的 人没有吸引力，所以影响力更小。故选A项。DWhales, particularly baleen and sperm whales, are among the largest creatures on Earth. Their presence in the ocean shapes the ecosyste

6、ms around them. These creatures are also helping to determine the temperature of the planet.When whales die, they sink to the ocean floor and all the carbon that is stored in their extremely large bodies is transferred from surface waters to the deep sea, where it remains for centuries or more. Scie

7、ntists found that before industrial whaling, populations of whales would have sunk between 190, 000 to 1. 9 million tonnes of carbon per year to the bottom of the ocean, which equals taking between 40, 000 and 410, 000 cars off the road each year. But when they are killed and their bodies are preven

8、ted from sinking to the seabed, that carbon is released into the atmosphere.But whales are not only valuable in death. The tides of excrement（排泄物）that whales produce are also surprisingly relevant to the climate. Their iron-rich excrement creates the perfect growing conditions for phytoplankton（浮游植物

9、）.These creatures may be microscopic, but, taken together, they have a great influence on the planefs atmosphere, absorbing about 40% of all CO2 produced, four times the amount absorbed by the Amazon rainforest.“Whaling has removed a huge organic carbon pump from the ocean that would have been havin

10、g a much larger multiplying effect on phytoplankton productivity and the oceans ability to absorb carbon, says Vicki James, policy manager at Whale and Dolphin Conservation.What this means is that restoring whale populations to their pre-whaling numbers could be an important tool in fighting climate

11、 change, and helping to slightly reduce the large amount of CO2 from fossil fuels every year.12. What happens to the carbon stored in whales after they are hunted?A. It remains in their bodies.B. It enters the atmosphere.C. It sinks to the deep sea.D. It transfers to surface waters.13. What does the

12、 underlined word microscopic- mean in Paragraph 3?C. Extinct.D. Rare.A. Tiny.B. Destructive.14. What can we infer from the text?A. Whales are more valuable after they die.B. Excrement of whales accelerates global warming.C. 40% of CO2 is absorbed by the Amazon rainforest.D. Whaling has a negative in

13、fluence on climate change.15. Which is the best title of the text?A. What We can Do to Save WhalesHow Whales Help Cool the EarthB. What is Climate Change Doing to WhalesWhy Whale Populations are Declining Sharply【答案】12.B13.A14. D 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了捕鲸对气候的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 “But when they

14、 are killed and their bodies are prevented from sinking to the seabed, that carbon is released into the atmosphere.（但是当它们被杀死时，它们的厂体被阻止沉入海底，碳就会被释 放到大气中）”可知，鲸鱼被猎杀后，储存在鲸鱼体内的碳会被释放到大气中。故选B项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。I艮据前文 u Their iron-rich excrement creates the perfect growing conditions for phytoplankton.（它 们富含铁的排泄物

15、为浮游植物创造了完美的生长条件）”可知，划线词所在句中的主语These creatures指的 是浮游植物，再根据后文 “but, taken together, they have a great influence on the planefs atmosphere（但力口在一 起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响）”结合常识可推知，此处表达“浮游植物虽然很小，但是加在一起, 它们对地球的大气有很大的影响”之意，所以可推知microscopic意为“微小的”之意，和A项“Tiny” 意思相近。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中 “Their iron-rich excreme

16、nt creates the perfect growing conditions for phytoplankton. These creatures may be microscopic, but, taken together, they have a great influence on the planets atmosphere, absorbing about 40% of all CO2 produced, four times the amount absorbed by the Amazon rainforest.（它们富含铁的排泄物为浮游植物创造了完美的生长条件。这些生物

17、可能是微观的，但加在一起, 它们对地球的大气有很大的影响，吸收了所有产生的二氧化碳的40%,是亚马逊雨林吸收量的四倍）”倒 数第二段中 “Whaling has removed a huge organic carbon pump from the ocean that would have been having a much larger multiplying effect on phytoplankton productivity and the ocean9s ability to absorb carbon,says Vicki James, policy manager at W

18、hale and Dolphin Conservation.（鲸鱼和海豚保护组织的政策经理 Vicki James 说:“捕鲸已经从海洋中移除了一个巨大的有机碳泵，这将对浮游植物的生产力和海洋吸收碳的能力产生更 大的影响）”可推知，捕鲸会降低浮游植物的数量，从而降低碳的吸收量，对气候有很大影响，所以捕 鲸对气候变化有负面影响。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 “Whales, particularly baleen and sperm whales, are among the largest creatures on Earth. Their presence in the o

19、cean shapes the ecosystems around them. These creatures are also helping to determine the temperature of the planet.（鲸鱼，尤其是须鲸和抹香鲸，是地球上最大的生物之一。它们在海洋 中的存在塑造了它们周围的生态系统。这些生物也有助于确定地球的温度）”以及最后一段“What this means is that restoring whale populations to their pre-whaling numbers could be an important tool in

20、fighting climate change, and helping to slightly reduce the large amount of C02 from fossil fuels every year.（这意味着，将鲸鱼数 量恢复到捕鲸前的数量可能是应对气候变化的重要工具，并有助于略微减少每年化石燃料产生的大量二氧 化碳）”可知，本文主要讲述了鲸鱼对气候的影响，主要是能减少大量二氧化碳，减少温室效应，所以B 项“How Whales Help Cool the Earth（鲸鱼如何帮助地球降温）”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）

21、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Food waste has become a severe problem across the world due to a lack of understanding of how to effectively use food and conserve it. Roughly one- third of the food produced globally is either lost or wasted every year.16Stop Food Waste Day is an internati

22、onal day of action in the fight against food waste. It began back in 2017 by Compass Group, one of the worlds largest food-service companies serving restaurants, cafes, hospitals, schools, and more. 17 On this day, Compass country teams will work together to raise awareness of the critical food wast

23、e problem and inspire change.waste.Waste Day aims to educate people about their food waste. 18 Stop Food Waste Day hopes to change the way leftovers are used, so people can take the most significant advantage of what food they use.The Compass Group focuses the efforts of its mission by teaching thei

24、r chefs how to track and reduce waste as much as possible. They also seek to donate more than 250, 000 pounds of food each year to local food banks.19 Show your support by looking up simple recipes to best use leftovers and fresh produce. Before food shopping, plan ahead by making a list and only bu

25、ying what you know youll use. 20Get into the habit of freezing leftovers, instead of throwing them in the rubbish. Besides, help teach people about the benefits of saving food waste.A. It brings 30 countries together.B. Now its your turn to take action.C. Food waste, however, can be stopped.D. Help

26、schedule cooking demonstrations and share recipes.E. More importantly, it offers creative and impactful solutions.F. Compass Group promised to reduce food waste by 30% by 2025.G. Also avoid wasting food by seeing what needs to be used up before you go shopping.【答案】16.C17. F 18. E 19. D 20. G【解析】【导语】

27、这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了食物浪费已经成为一个严重的问题，介绍了 “停止食物浪费日” 是一个打击食物浪费的国际行动日。【16题详解】根据上文 “Food waste has become a severe problem across the world due to a lack of understanding of how to effectively use food and conserve it. Roughly one- third of the food produced globally is either lost or wasted every year.（由于缺乏对

28、如何有效利用和保存食物的了解，食物浪费已经成为一个严重的问题。每年全球生产的粮 食大约有三分之一不是丢失就是浪费）”结合后文提到了停止食物浪费日，可知，本句与上文构成转折，故 C选项“然而，食物浪费是可以停止的符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文 “ Stop Food Waste Day is an international day of action in the fight against food waste. It began back in 2017 by Compass Group, one of the worlds largest fbod-service compan

29、ies serving restaurants, cafes, hospitals, schools, and more.（“停止食物浪费日”是一个打击食物浪费的国际行动日。它始于2017年，由Compass 集团创办，Compass集团是世界上最大的食品服务公司之一，为餐厅、咖啡馆、医院、学校等提供服务）” 以及后文 “On this day, Compass country teams will work together to raise awareness of the critical food waste problem and inspire change.（在这一天，Compa

30、ss国家团队将共同努力，提高人们对严重粮食浪费问题的认 识，并鼓励变革）”可知，上文提到了 Compass集团，故本句承接上文继续介绍Compass集团对食物浪费 的态度，下文就是其具体行动，故F选项“Compass集团承诺到2025年减少30%的食物浪费”符合语境， 故选Fo【18题详解】根据上文 “Stop Food Waste Day aims to educate people about their food waste.（“停止食物浪费日”旨在教育 人们减少食物浪费）”以及后文“Stop Food Waste Day hopes to change the way leftover

31、s are used, so people can take the most significant advantage of what food they use.（ “停止食物浪费日”希望改变剩饭剩菜的使用方式, 这样人们就能最大限度地利用他们所使用的食物）”可知，后文提到了 “停止食物浪费日”希望改变剩饭剩 菜的使用方式，即为减少食物浪费提供了解决方案，故E选项“更重要的是，它提供了创造性和有影响力 的解决方案”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据后文 “Show your support by looking up simple recipes to best use leftove

32、rs and fresh produce. Before food shopping, plan ahead by making a list and only buying what you know youUl use.（通过查找简单的食谱来表达你 的支持，最好地利用剩菜和新鲜农产品。在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用 的东西）”可知，后文提到了食谱对减少食物浪费的作用。故D选项“帮助安排烹饪示范并分享食谱”符 合语境，故选D。【20题详解】 根据上文 “Show your support by looking up simple recipes to best us

33、e leftovers and fresh produce. Before food shopping, plan ahead by making a list and only buying what you know you9ll use.（通过查找简单的食谱来表达你 的支持，最好地利用剩菜和新鲜农产品。在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用 的东西）”可知，上文提到了在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用的东西，即在 购物之前就选好食物，避免浪费。故G选项“在你去购物之前，也要看看哪些食物需要消耗掉，以避免浪 费食物”符合语境，故选G。第三部分英语语言

34、运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入.空白处的最佳选项。Last year in October, my family and 1 took our first camping trip. My whole family 21, which was themost important part of the trip for me. My siblings （兄弟姐妹）are adults with different22, which makes it difficult for us t

35、o 23 an activity like this.raining.up the tent when it suddenly started raining. 24, we had positioned the tent on a high flatsurface where 25could not come into our tent. Even with the rain, I had never been happier.While we were all 26 the sound of the rain, my mom cooked a warm meal for the famil

36、y. Over the dinner, my father told us 27 stories about his childhood, which made us burst into laughter. At night, it was a bit cold. My sisters and I grabbed a 28 and chatted about our daily life. Soon, a hot meal and a good 29 warmed us up.I realized how 30 it was camping under the sound of the ra

37、in. I came to understand why my parents were so 31 about camping.The next day, we 32 our belongings and headed home. Im very 33 for this camping trip. Not only did I experience the beauty of the forest, but I also learned that even if the 34 is not the best for camping,we can adapt to Mother Nature

38、as a family to make unforgettable 3521. A. cheered up22. A. lives23. A. report24. A. Strangely25. A. wind26. A. expecting27. A. touching28. A. blanket29. A. negotiation30. A. tough31. A. particular32. A. packed up33. A. eager34. A. budget35. A. summariesB. ran awayB. principlesB.sponsorB. ObviouslyB

39、. waterB. describingB. awfulB. phoneB. gameB. uniqueB. disappointedB. picked outB. gratefulB.seasonB. memoriesC. got togetherC. abilitiesC. planC. SimilarlyC. animalsC. enjoyingC. shockingC. basketC. conversationC. expensiveC. concernedC. left behindC. sorryC. equipmentC. lessonsD. settled downD. pr

40、oblemsD. cancelD. LuckilyD. hikersD. imaginingD. funnyD. tentD. sleepD. popularD. enthusiasticD. set asideD. suitableD. weatherD. contributions【答案】21. C【答案】21. C22. A 23. C 24. D25. B 26. C 27. D28. A 29. C 30. B31. D 32. A 33. B34. D 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和全家一起度过了一次难忘的露营之旅。21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：全家

41、人聚在一起，这对我来说是这次旅行最重要的部分。A. cheered up振奋起 来；B. ran away 逃跑；C. got together 在一起；D. settled down 安定下来。根据前文 “Last year in October, my family and I took our first camping trip.”可知，是作者家人第一次去露营，所以是全家聚在一起。故选C项。【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，这让我们很难计划这样的活动。A. lives 生活；B. principles 原则；C. abilities 能力；D.

42、 problems 问题。根据前文 “My siblings are adults” 可知，作 者的兄弟姐妹都是成年人了，所以有各自的生活。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，这让我们很难计划这样的活动。A. report 报告；B. sponsor 赞助；C. plan 计戈ij； D. cancel 取消。根据前文“My siblings （兄弟姐妹）are adults with different 2”可知，作者的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，所以让他们很难计划这样的活动。故选C项。24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们把帐

43、篷安置在一个很高的平面上，这样水就不会进入我们的帐 篷。A. Strangely奇怪地；B.Obviously明显地；C.Similarly相似地；D.Luckily幸运的是。根据前文“We had set up the tent when it suddenly started raining.” 以及后文 “we had positioned the tent on a high flat surfacev 可知，下雨了，幸运的是，作者一家把帐篷安置在一个很高的平面上。故选D项。25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们把帐篷安置在一个很高的平面上，这样水就不会进入我们的帐 篷。A

44、. wind 风;B. water 水;C. animals 动物；D. hikers 徒步旅行者。根据前文“We had set up the tent when it suddenly started raining.”可知,开始下雨了,所以是水不会进入我们的帐篷。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们都在享受雨声时，妈妈为家人做了一顿温暖的饭菜。A. expecting预期； B. describing 描述；C. enjoying 享受；D. imagining 想象。根据后文“the sound of the rairT 结合前文常识可知， 作者一家去露营，所以此处表

45、达“享受雨声”之意。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析工句意：吃饭的时候，爸爸给我们讲了他童年的趣事，逗得我们哄堂大笑。A. touching 感人的；B. awful很坏的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. funny有趣的。根据后文“which made us burst into laughter.可知，使作者他们哄堂大笑，所以是有趣的故事。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和姐姐们拿了一条毯子，聊起了我们的日常生活。A. blanket毯子；B. phone 电话；C.basket篮子；D.tent帐篷。根据前文“At night, it was a bi

46、t cold.”可知，有点冷，所以是拿了毯子 保暖。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，一顿热腾腾的饭菜和一段愉快的谈话使我们暖和起来。A. negotiation谈 判；B. game 游戏；C. conversation 谈话；D. sleep 睡眠。根据前文“my mom cooked a warm meal for the family.” 以及 “My sisters and I grabbed a 8 and chatted about our daily life.v可知，此处指一顿热腾腾的饭菜和一段愉快的谈话。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：

47、我意识到在雨声中露营是多么独特。A. tough艰苦的；B. unique独特的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. popular流行的。根据上段内容可知，作者一家因为下雨，待在帐篷里享受着雨声， 妈妈为大家准备了热饭，爸爸讲述了童年趣事，兄弟姐妹间聊着日常生活，结合选项，这些事让作者意识 到在雨声中露营是多么独特。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白为什么我的父母如此热衷于野营。A. particular特别的；B.disappointed 失望的；C. concerned 担心的；D. enthusiastic 热情的。根据前文 “I realized how1

48、0it was camping under the sound of the rain.”可知，作者意识到雨声中露营是多么独特，所以明白了父母为什 么如此热衷于野营。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我们收拾行李回家了。A. packed up收拾行李；B. picked out分辨出；C. left behind遗留；D. setaside留作之用。根据后文“headed home”可知,此处是“收拾行李回家了”之意。故先A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激这次露营之旅。A. eager渴望的；B.grateful感激的；C.sorry抱歉 的；D. suitable 合适的。根据后文“Not only did I experience the beauty of the forest, but I also learned that even if the 14 is not the best for camping, we can adapt to Mother Nature as a family to makeunforgettable 15可知，作者从这次露营中学到很多，所以是感激这次露营。故选