化工常用词汇.docx

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1、优选素材一般化学 General Chemistry 分析化学 Analytical Chemistry 有机化学 Organic Chemistry 物理化学 Physical Chemistry谱学导论 Introducton of Spectroscopy无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry一般化学和分析化学试验 Experiments of General and Analytical Chemistry现在根底化学 The Principle of Mordern Chemistry现在根底化学试验 Experiments of Modern Fundamental Ch

2、emistry有机化学试验 Experiments of Organic Chemistry仪器分析和物理化学试验 Experiments of Instrumental Analysis and Physical Chemistry合成化学试验 Experiments of Synthetic Chemistry现代化学专题 Topic of Modern Chemistry化学综合试验 Experiments of Comprehensive Chemistry化工原理 Principle of Chemical Engineering化工原理试验 Experiments of Chemi

3、cal Engineering应用化学试验 Experiments of Applied Chemistry无机合成化学 Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry 近代分析化学 Modern Analytical Chemistry 别离分析化学 Separation Analytical Chemistry有机化合物波谱鉴定 Spectrum Identification of Organic Compounds有机合成及反响机理 Organic Synthesis and Mechanics _x001D_化学进展 Progress in Chemistry化学反响工程

4、Chemical Reaction Engineering应用电化学 Applied Electrochemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis环境化学 Environmental Chemistry环境监测 Environmental Monitoring化学科技英语 Scientific English for Chemistry数理方法在化学中的应用 Mathematical Statistics for Chemistry化工制图 Chemical Engineering Cartography计算机与化学测量试验 Computer and Chemical M

5、easurement化学信息学 Chemoinformatics or Chemical Informatics 应用化学专题 Special Topics in Applied Chemistry Last edit by caozk化工装置常用词汇 1一概论introduction方案(建议书)proposal可行性争论feasibility study方案设计concept design工艺设计process design根底设计basic design具体设计detail design开工会议kick-off meeting.审核会议review meeting外商投资foreign

6、investment中外合资joint venture中外合营joint venture补偿贸易compensation trade合约 合约附件contract卖方vendor买方buyer顾客client承包商contractor工程公司company供给范围scope of supply生产范围production scope 生产力量production capacity 工程project界区battery limit装置plant公用工程utilities工艺流程图process flow diagram工艺流程方块图process block diagram管道及仪表流程图pip

7、ing and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图mass heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图steam condensate balance diagram设备安排图equipment layout设备表equipment list成品(产品)product(final product)副产品by-product原料raw-material设计根底数据basic data for design技术数据technical data数据表data sheet设计文件 design document 设计规定 design regulation 现场效劳

8、site service工程变更 project change用户变更 client change消耗定额consumption quota 技术转让technical transfer 技术学问technical know-howtechnical knowledge技术保证technical guarantee 询问效劳consultative services 技术效劳technical services 工作地点location施工现场construction field报价quotation标书bidding book公司利润company profit固定价合约fixed pric

9、e contract固定单价合约fixed unit price contract本钱加酬金合约cost plus award fee contract定金mobilization银行保证书bank guarantee letter保存金retention所得税income taxes特别承包人税 special contractor”s taxes 城市和市政税 city and municipal taxes 工作手册 work manual工作流程图work flow diagram 质量保证程序QA/QC procedures 选购方案procurement plan施工方案const

10、ruction plan施工进度construction schedule工程实施方案project execution plan工程协调程序project coordination procedure工程总进度方案project master schedule 设计网络方案engineering network logic 工程质量保证project quality assurance 工程质量操纵project quality control选购procurement选购周期procurement period会签the squad check计算书calculation sheets询价

11、inquiry检验inspection运输transportation开车 start up / commission 验收 inspection acceptance 校核 check审核 review审定approve版次version部门department专业specialty工程号project number图号drawing number名目contents序言foreword章chapter节section项itemMRmaterial requisitionSPECengineering specificationDATA SHEET技术表technical data shee

12、t TBA(技术评标technical bid analysisPDPpreliminary design package PM (工程经理)project managerLDE(专业负责人)lead discipline engineerMRQ(材料询价单)Material requisition for quotation MRP(材料选购单)material requisition for purchase BEP(根底工程设计包)basic engineering packageP&ID(管道及仪表流程图)piping and instrument drawing(diagram) P

13、FDprocess flow diagramNNFnormally no flow FOfailure openFCfailure closeC/S/Acivil/structure/architectureDDP具体设计阶段detail design phase二. 工艺流程连续过程continuous process间歇过程batch process工艺表达process description工艺特点process feature操作operation反响reaction副反响side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反响c

14、atalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration枯燥drying复原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissociation合成synthetics吸取absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶化solution调整modulate操纵control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration 再活化reactivation 沥取lea

15、ching裂开crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧ignition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression 三、化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing

16、 agent复原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidity浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶化度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a)无水的anhydrou

17、s(a)外观appearance无色的colorless(a)透亮的 transparent(a) 半透亮的 translucent 密度 density比重 specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition temperature可燃气体combustible gas 可燃液体inflammable liquid 易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosive concent

18、ration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度design temperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity四、化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial

19、flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵 hand(wobble) pump 螺杆泵 screw (spiral) pump 潜水泵 submersible pump斜转子泵inclined

20、 rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰去除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反响器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer

21、静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks裂开机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter别离器separator枯燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calciner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附收器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器 scrubbe

22、r 消石灰器 slaker 料仓 bin料斗 hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor 离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor 多级压缩机muti

23、ple stages compressor固定床反响器fixed bed reactor流化床反响器fluidized bed reactor管式反响器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸取塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill to

24、wer塔附件tower accessories液体安排布器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring

25、 tank电解槽cell溜槽chute搜集槽collecting tank液滴别离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder 星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve 抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机

26、pressure filter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风别离器cyclone separator盘式枯燥箱compartment tray drier真空枯燥器vacuum drier 隧道式枯燥器tunnel drier 回转枯燥器rotary drier穿流循环枯燥器through circulation drier喷雾枯燥器spray drier气流枯燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feed

27、er 螺旋式加料器screw feeder 颚式裂开机jaw crusher回转裂开机gyratory crusher滚洞裂开机roll crusher锤式裂开机hammer crusher冲击裂开机rotor impact breaker 气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer 棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机root”s blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机ge

28、nerator电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering 1 阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat (body seat) 阀座环、密封圈sealing ring 阀芯(包含密封圈,杆等)trim 阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮hand wheel手柄hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针

29、阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀)angle valveY 型阀(截止阀)Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型)wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞

30、阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve 旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve

31、底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve 活塞式止回阀piston check valve 翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve平安泄气阀safetySV平安泄放阀relief valveRV平安泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type 罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve 波浪管密封阀bellow sealed valve 电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve电动阀electrically(electric-mo

32、tor)operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve 低温用阀 cryogenic service valve 蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阀 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap 自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap 恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic

33、trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀)(automatic) air vent valve换向阀diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve操纵阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调整阀differential pressure regulating valve切断阀block (shut-off, stop) valve调整阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve 快闭阀quick closing

34、valve 隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve 2 管子,管件,法兰管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steelC.S.pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steelS.S.pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferri

35、tic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamlessSMLSsteel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve 集液排放阀drip valve 排液阀dra

36、in valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand operated(manually-operated) valve (水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀)bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管water-gas steel p

37、ipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚wall thicknessWT壁厚系列号schedule numberSCH.NO.加厚的,强化的extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍强化的double extra heavy (strong)弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径 180弯头 long radius return 短半径 180弯头 short radius return 三通 tee异径三通 reduc

38、ing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45斜三通45lateralY 型三通true“Y“四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer 偏心异径管eccentric reducer 管接头coupling;full coupling 活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bend U 型弯管“U“bend法兰端flanged end万向接头universal joint对焊的butt weldedBW螺纹的threadedTHD承插焊的socket weldedSW法兰flangeFLG整体

39、管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰threaded flange 滑套法兰slip-on flange平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange 松套法兰lap joint flangeLJF对焊法兰weld neck flangeWNF法兰盖blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing flange压力级pressure rating(class)突面raised faceRF凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面flat f

40、ace;full faceFF 3.管道特别件piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type) Y 型过滤器Y-type strainerT 型过滤器T-type strainer X 过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester 喷咀;喷头spray nozzle 喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波浪膨胀节be

41、llow补偿器compensator软管接头hose connectionHC快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特别法兰special flange漏斗funnel8 字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板rupture disk 4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel C.S. 不锈钢stainless steelS.S. 铸铁cast ironC.I.铝aluminum 铜,紫铜copper 钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料non-me

42、tallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片gasketGSKT 平垫片flat gasket 填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H 钢wide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered plate材料表bill of materialBOM材料统计material take-offMTO散装材料bulk material综合管

43、道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheetCPMSS汇总表summary sheet 5.设备安排及管道设计中心线center line装置边界boundary limitBL区界area limit设备安排equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面elevationEL支撑点point of supportPOS工厂北向plant north方位orientation危急区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head确定标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道争论piping study管道安排平面piping arrangement planPAP管道安排piping assembly; layout详图detail