小学英语人教版六年级上下册各单元语法重点.docx

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1、六年级英语上册各单元语法重点Unit 1 How can I get there?我如何能到达那里？题解：How “如何”对方式提问，can情态动词五年级学过“能”【语法点】一.询问某地有店Where is the+地点名词It is+方位介词+地点名词It is next to/in front of/behind. /near/on the left/right of the+地点名词方位介词（短语）语意辨析后的实际应用如.where is the bookshop?It is next to/in front of/behind. /near/on the left/right of t

2、he+ hospital方位介词如下.next to紧挨着，紧靠着in front of在.前面behind在后面near在附近on the left/right of the在的左边/右边二.课本1. There be结构的复习（be动词的单复数）There be结构中be系动词的单复数应根据后面最靠近的名词的单复数决定如. There is a bag on the desk （a bag 一个包单数，所以 be 用 is）There are two books on the desk （two books 两本书，复数，所以 be 用 are）There is a bag and two

3、 books on the desk （be 动词就近一致原则）2. 乘坐交通工具用介词by,但步行时用on3. go to the park前一定要加the,但如果去的地方有具体名字就不能加the,另外go to school是固定搭配，前面也不加the4. how对方式进行提问，本单元询问用哪种交通工具.how do you go to school?I go to school by bus/bike。 I go to school on footHow do you go to-?你怎样到达某个地方？如果要问的是第三人称单数，则要用.How does he/she go to scho

4、ol? do要变成does （与一般现在时单三人称保持一致）回 答方式.he/she goes to school by bike/bus/on foot 等unit 2 ways to go to school【语法点】一. how 对方式进行提问，我们以前学过 how are you? how old are you? how many/how much 等问句，本单元着重学习how引导“如何到达某地”如.how do you go to school及其答语的学习，并适当的加入了频度副词-一How do you go back home? -I usually go back home

5、by bus二.现实生活中应用这些结构询问某处，指路等1 . Where is +地点？询问地点的句型。Where is the shop?如.Where is the supermarket? 超市在哪？ Go down the street.2 . How can +主语+ get （to） +地点？询问如何到达某地。E如.一How can I get to the library?我怎么到达图书馆？You can get there on foot.你可以步行过去unit 3 My weekend plan【语法点】一.一般将来时be going to do句型.“打算即将去做”表示将来

6、即将发生的动作，打算、 计划、安排等L询问对方打算做什么的句型问what are you going to do+其他？你/你们打算（将要）做什么？答I am/we are going to do+其他？我/我们打算做表示未来时间的状语.next week, tonight, tomorrow, this evening/afternoon/morning/weekend3 .询问对方打算去哪里的句型及答语问.where are you going （+将来的时间）？你们打算去哪里答.I am/ We are going （to the）+地点。我们将要去4 .询问对方打算何时去做某事的句型及

7、答语问.when are you going to+动词（短语）原形？你们打算什么时候去做？答.I am/ We are going to+动词（短语）原形+将来的时间，我们打算时候去做例句.What are you going to do on the weekend?你周末打算做什么？I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend 我打算看望我祖父母Where are you going this afternoon?今天下午你打算去哪里？I am going to the shop我打算去商店What are you going to b

8、uy?你打算买些什么？I am going to buy a booko 我打算买本书。Unit 4 I have a pen pal【语法点】一.句城结构。在英语中一个简单的完整的句子一般有五种结构，小学段主学以下2种1 .主（S） +系动词（be） +表（P）这就是主系表结构这个be大家都见过了哈be呢一共有am is are was were这5种小学 段需要知道的，我们目前只需要掌握am is are就足够了如.I am your teacher, You are my students , She is pretty , He is fat 等等2 .主（S） + 谓（V） + 宾（

9、0）英语中做谓语的动词基本就两类,一类是Be动词也就是系动词，构成主系表结构；另一类是 实意动词，构成主谓宾结构了。这两类的区别.be动词后面跟表语 如.I am very happy。She is nice实意动词后面跟的是宾语如.I like yotio I need you二.一般现在时（实意动词且主语为单三人称）一般现在时助动词do的情况肯定句结构.主语+谓语动词+宾语否定句结构.主语+d。not +谓语动词+宾语（当主语是第三人称单数时把do变成does）一般疑问句.Do+主语+动词+宾语部分当主语是第三人称单数时Does+主语+动词+宾语非第三人称单数做主语第三人称单数做主语肯定句

10、I like playing basketballHe likes playing basketball否定句I do not like playing basketballHe does not like playing basketball一般疑问句Do you like playing basketball?Does he like playing basketball?肯定回答Yes, I doYes, he does否定回答No, I do notNo, he does not秘籍.一般现在时含有实意动词的句子变否定句和一般疑问句有两种情况，L当主语是非单三 人称时，找助动词do帮忙

11、，变否定句在do后+not,变疑问句把do提前大写，后面打问号。2. 当主语是单三人称时，找助动词does帮忙，变否定句在does后+not,动词还原为原形，变疑问 句把does提前大写，谓语动词还原为原形，后面打问号。三.单三人称谓语动词+S的规则.1 . 一般的直接在动词后面+s2 .以字母s、x、ch sh、。结尾的动词后面+es3 .以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，要变y为i,再+esUnit 5 what does he do?语法点一.询问话人职业的句型及其答语What does+主语（第三人称单数）+do?是做什么的？He/ She is a/an+职业他/她是一位。职业名词如下.wo

12、rker, postman, businessman, fisherman, scientist, pilot, coach, police officer, salesperson, cleaner, teacher, dancer, doctor, nurse, pianist, dentist, tailor 等二.询问他人的工作地点的句型及其答语问.where does+主语（单三人称）+work? 在哪工作？答.He/ She works+ （表示地点的）介词短语 他/她在工作介词短语如下.At a university, in a gym, at sea, on a boat, a

13、t the zoo, in a school, in a bank, in a car company三.询问他人上班方式的问句及其答语问.how does+主语（单三人称）+go to work?怎么去上班？答.He/ She goes to work+交通方式他/她去上班交通方式有by bike/bus/subway/plane/train/ship/ferry/-on foot另.由动词转换而来的职业名词（在某些动词后+er/or等构成）Teach一teacher, clean-cleaner, sing一singer, dance一dancer, drive一driver, write

14、 一writerUnit 6 how do you feel?【语法点】一.描述某人/某物害怕的句型.主语+be动词+afraid of+其他 害怕二.描述某人/某物与生气的句型.主语+be动词+angry with+其他与生气三,询问某人怎么了的句型What s wrong (with sb) ? what s the matter (with sb) ?四,提建议要求的句式.1. 祈使句 2 情态动词 should (not) do, must (not) do1祈使句.表示请求命令要求的句子叫祈使句2. Don t be late for school.上学不要迟到。3. Don, t

15、make noise in class,上课不要喧闹。4. Listen to the teacher carefully,认真听老师讲课。5. Hand in your homework on time.按时交作业。6. You should help to do housework.你应该帮忙做家务。7. You shouldn, t watch TV too often.你不应该看电视太频繁。8. You should go to bed early.你应该早睡。9. You shouldn t read in bed,你不应该在床上看书。10. You must wait for th

16、e green light.你必须等绿灯。11. You mustn, t cross the street when the light is red.红灯亮的时候禁止过马路。六年级英语下册各单元语法重点Unit 1 how tall are you?【语法点】一 .三问问年龄. How old are you?I m(years old).问身高.How tall are you?I m meters tall.问体重. How heavy are you?I m kilograms二.形容词原级和比较级的基础运用（做比较）.形容词专属用法.形容谁比谁更主语 + be am/ is/ ar

17、e/ （ even/much ） er than 如.I am taller than you.我比你高。I am 4 cm taller than your brother.我比你弟弟高 4cm .I am taller and stronger than your brother.我比你的弟弟更高更壮。Tom is even stronger than his father.甚至比彳也爸爸还壮。Zhang Peng and John are much younger than Mr. Green.张鹏和 John 比 Mr. Green 要年轻三.形容词比较级的构成规则.形容词的比较级用来

18、表示事物的等级差别，作比较。比较级的构成规则.1 .规则变化单宜节词加词尾-er,来构成比较级tall （高的）-taller great （巨大的）-greater（2）以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加-r,nice（好的）一一nicer large（大的）一一larger（3）以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er,big（大的）-bigger hot （热的）-hotter red 红色的-redder（4）以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i,再加-ereasy （容易的）-easier busy （忙的）一 busier两者比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“

19、A is+比较级+ than B”。如.I am taller than LucyShe is heavier than himActions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩2 .不规则变化good（好的）/ better ； well （健康的）/ better ； bad （坏的）/worse； ill （有病的）/ worse old （老的）older/elder ； much/many（多的）more ； little（少的）/less； far （远的） farther/furtherUnit 2 last weekend【语法点】一.一般过去式1 .

20、用法.表示过去的某个时间或一段时间内发生的、过去经常习惯性的动作或存在的状态。2 .时间状语如：yesterday （昨天）,ago （以前）,before （在.之前）等。3 .动词变化规则_一般的直接在动词后+ed。如.workworked look-looked以不发音e结尾的动词直接+d如.live - lived hope-hoped以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再+ed。如.studystudied carry-carried以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词，双写最后的辅音字母+ed如.stopstopped plan一一planned特殊情况 不规则（详见六年级下册P6

21、9页附录）如.are-were is/am-was do-did3句法结构.含有be系动词的句子（主系表结构）基本结构.1. be动词（am/is变为was, are变为were）变否定句.直接在系动词was或者were后加not如.肯定句I was late yesterday否定句.I wasn, t late yesterday （wasn t=was not）肯定句.You were early yesterday morning否定句. You weren t early yesterday morning （weren, t=were not）秘籍.含有系动词的句子变否定句直接在系

22、动词后面+not行为动词（实意动词）基本结构.主语+动词过去式+其它变否定句.主语+didnt +谓语动词原形+其它秘籍.在行为动词前加didnt,同时还原行为动词如:肯定句.She came to help us last night否定句.she didn t come to help us last night肯定句.They worked hard at school否定句.they didn t work hard at school秘籍.含有实意动词的句子变否定句，要找出对应的助动词，在助动词后+not,原谓语动词需 还原为原形Unit 3 Where did you go?【语法

23、点】一.一般过去式疑问句及特殊疑问句含有be系动词的句子（主系表结构）（1） 一般疑问句.把was或者were提到句首大写+主语+其他+?。（2）特殊疑问句.特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他+?如.I was late yesterday一般疑问句.Were you late yesterday?回答. Yes, I was/ no, I wasn t特殊疑问句.Where were you yesterday?回答.I was in a bookshop yesterdayYou were early yesterday morning一般疑问句. were you early ye

24、sterday morning?回答. Yes, I was/ no, I wasn t特殊疑问句.how was your class?回答was interesting!秘籍.含有be系动词的句子变一般疑问句，把be系动词提前大写，后面打问号，其他部分照 抄下来即可二.行为动词（含有实意动词的主谓宾结构）1 .一般疑问句Did+主语+谓语动词原形+其它？2 .特殊疑问句疑问词+ did+主语+动词原形+其它？She came to help us last night一般疑问句.Did she come to help us last night?回答. Yes, She did/ no,

25、 She didn t特殊疑问句. what did she do last night?回答. She came to help us last nightoThey worked hard at school一般疑问句.Did they work hard at school?回答. Yes, They did/ no, They didn t特殊疑问句. How did they work at school?回答.They worked very hard at schoolo秘籍.含有实意动词的句子变一般疑问句，需要找对应助动词，把助动词提前大写，原谓语动 词还原为原形，后面打问号U

26、nit 4 Then and nowThen and now曾经和现在【语法点】一般现在时与一般过去时的区别1 .用法的区别一般现在时表示现阶段，此时此刻经常反复习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态以及永恒不变的 事实、真理和自然规律，一般过去时,示在V去的某个时间发生的或经常习惯性反复发生的动作或存在的状态.2 .所搭配时间状语的区别.一般现在时.常与时间状语today, every day, on Sunday, every morning等连用。般过去日寸.常与口寸间状语 yesterday, last year, the day before yesterday , this morning,

27、 ago等连用。3 .三大结构的区别.1 .一般现在时（含be系动词的）.肯定句.主语+系动词+其他I am lazy否定句.主语+be系动词+not+其他I am not lazy一般疑问句.Be系动词+主语+其他+?一Are you lazy? -Yes, I am/ No, I am not2 .一般现在时（含实意动词的）.肯定句.主语+动词过去式+其他I like playing chess否定句.主语+didn t+动词原形+其他I do not like playing chess一般疑问句.Did+主语+动词原形+其他+?-Do you like playing chess? -

28、Yes, I do/ No, I do not1 .一般过去时（含be系动词的）.肯定句.主语+was/were+其他 I was lazy before否定句.主语+be系动词+not+其他I was not lazy before一般疑问句.Be系动词+主语+其他+?-Were you lazy before? -Yes, I was/ No, I was not2 .一般过去时（含实意动词的）.肯定句.主语+动词过去式+其他1 liked playing chess before否定句.主语+didn t+动词原形+其他 I did not like playing chess before一般疑问句.Did+主语+动词原形+其他+?一一Did you like playing chess before? 一一Yes, I did/ No, I did not