期末复习八年级上册英语1-10单元短语语法句型.docx

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1、短语：go on vacationgo to the mountains visit museumsquite a fewgo outtaste goodof coursego shoppingwalk aroundbecause offind outtake photosup and down语法： Where did you go on vacation? Did you go out with anyone? Did you buy anything special? How was the food?Did everyone have a good time? 词语辨析：Unit 1

2、Where did you go on vacation?惯用法：1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物taste + adj.尝起来2. nothing.but+ V.(原形)除了之外什么都没有seem + (to be) + adj 看起来3. arrive in +大地方/ arrive at +小地方 到达某地decide to do sth.决定做某事4. try doing sth.尝试做某事/ try to do sth.尽力做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事5. want to do sth.想去做某事start doing

3、sth.开始做某事6. stop doing sth.停止做某事look + adj 看起来7. dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事Why not do sth.为什么不做呢？8. so + adj + that +从句 如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事9. keep doing sth. 继续做某事forget to do sth.忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事stay at homego to the beachgo to summer campstudy formost of the time

4、have a good timefeel likein the pasttoo manyone bowl ofgo onsomething importantcome upI went to New York City.No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacationYes, I bought something for my father.Everything tasted really good.Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.1. anywhere与somewhere 两者都是不定副词。anywhere在任何地

5、方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。I lost my key somewhere near here.2. seem + 形容词 看起来You seem happy today.seem + to do sth.似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a coldI seems / seemed +从句 看起来好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you.I think there will be cities because people will build

6、 buildings in the country.In 50 years, people will have free time because there will be things to do.词语辨析：2. on the earth在地球上，作地点状语，位于句首或句末。on earth究竟，到底。用于疑问句 或副词后，加强语气。All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. / What on earth do you mean?3. human,指包括男人女人孩子的“人，人类 有别于动物，自然景物，机器等的特殊群体， 也可

7、指具体的人。person,无性别之分，常用于数目不太大，而且数目比较精确的场合。people,泛指“人们”，表示复数概念。man,前不带冠词而且单独使用时，指“男人”，a man可指“一个人/ 一个男人”，复数形式为men.He was the only human on the island.There are only three persons in the room.There are many people there.Man is stronger than woman.一般将来时结构：肯定式：主语+ will/shall +动词原形+其他 will用于各种人称，shall用于第一

8、人称。主语+ be going to +动词原形+其他 be随人称、数和时间的变化而变换。否定式： 在 will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = won9t.一般疑问句：将will/shall/be提到主语前面。There be句型的一般将来时：There will be +主语+其他，意为：将会有。一般疑问句形式为：Will there be +主语+其 他。肯定回答是：Yes, there will.否定回答是：No, there wont否定形式是：There won9t be +主语+其他，将不会有特殊疑问句是：疑问词/词组+ 一般疑问句？ When will

9、 there be a nice basketball match?Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 短语：milk shake on Saturday at this time a long time 短语用法：turn oncut upa fewpour intoa cup of yogurta good ideaput intoone more thinga piece offill. with.co ver. with.one by oneHow many +可数名词复数 want + to do sth.How many +可数名

10、词复数 want + to do sth.There are many reasons for need + to do sth.How much +不可数名词 forget + to do sth.一段时间+ago make +宾语+形容词let sb. + do sth. how + to do sth.by + doing sth.Its time(fbr sb) + to do sthFirst. .Next. .Then. .Finally. 句型：Turn on the blender.How many bananas do we need?Now, its time to enj

11、oy the rice noodles!语法：How do you make a banana milk shake?How much yogurt do we need?How do you make a banana milk shake?First, peel the banana.Next, put the banana in the blender.Then, pour the milk into the blender.Finally, turn on the blender.Countable nounsUncountable nounsHow many bananas do w

12、e need? We need three bananas.主谓一致判断法：How much yogurt do we need? We need one cup of yogurt.不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。动名词或动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。either.or., neither.nor., not only.but also.连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词与邻 近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。在here, there开头的倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致。作文（食物的制作过程）词语辨析：turn on打开，接通（电源，气，水），反义词是turn

13、 off.turn up/turn down调高/低音量。pour.into.将倒入/灌入into是：进入 in是：在内。在put, throw, break, lay, fall等动词之后，既可用in,也可用intOo但in可作副词，into不能。He put all the books in/into the bag.4. one more thing = another one thingfill with 用填充 be filled withCome in!基数词 + more + 名词 =another + 基数词 + 名词 =be full of 充满.The boy filled

14、 the bottle with sand.6. co ver. with.用把覆盖/ The bag was full of clothes.be covered with被.所覆盖。cover n.封面，盖子。Ann covered her face with her hands. / The cover of the magazine is nice.7. Ifs time (for sb) to do sth.到某人做某事的时候了。Ifs time for sth.到做某事的时候了。Unit 9 Can you come to my party?短语:on Saturday after

15、noon have toprepare forgo to the doctorhave the flu go to the party last fallstudy for a test visit grandparents have a piano lessonhelp my parents come to the party meet my friend too much homework go to the movies another time hang outafter school on the weekendthe day before yesterdaythe day afte

16、r tomorrowlook after accept an invitationturn down an invitationtake a tripat the end of this monthlook forward to the opening ofreply in writinggo shoppingdo homework go to the concertnot. until短语用法：invite sb. to do sth.help sb. (to) do sth be sad to do sth. the best way to do sth. look forward to

17、doing sth.Whats today?Whats the date today? What day is it today?句型：What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! What+形容词+名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! see sb to do sth / see sb doing sth have a surprise party for sb reply to sth/sb.Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?Sure, rd love to. / Sorry, I cant I have t

18、o prepare for an exam. 语法：Can you come to my party on Saturday? Sure, Id love to. /Sorry, I must study for a math test.Can you go to the movie tomorrow night?Can he go to the party?Can she go to the baseball game?Can they go to the movie?friends.Sure. That sound great. / Im afraid not. I have the fl

19、u.No, he cant， He has to help his parents.No, shes not available. She must go to the doctor.No, theyre not free. They might have to meet their作文(如何写邀请函)词语辨析：prepare意为“准备”，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语， 还可接不定式。prepare for sth.为准备好。for的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的 目的，即所要应力的情况。/ prepare to do sth准备做某事。prepare强

20、调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定 式。get/be ready意为“准备好”，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：be ready (for sth. )(2)get sth. ready be ready(for sth)be get ready to do(准备干某事，乐于干某事)have the flu 患感冒 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧 3. hang out常去某处，泡在某处hang on紧紧抓住hang about闲荡hang up挂电话，悬挂，挂起catch up with 赶上，品

21、艮上 catch hold of 抓住5.accept接受，反义词为：refuseoturn down = refuse 拒绝help sb.(to) do sth帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助人at the end of在末尾，在尽头，by the end of 到.末为止 in the end of 终于surprised形容词，感到意外的，主语是人be surprised to do sth对做某事感到意外surprising形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 The news was surpring.surprise名词，惊奇、惊讶to one9s sur

22、prise 动词，使惊奇，使感到意外It surprise sb to do sth.look forward to期待，盼望，to是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。 hear from sb.收到某人的来信 =receive a letter from sb.hear of = hear about 听说Unit 10 If you go to the party, youll have a great time! 短语：go to the party have a class party at the party give sb some advicehave a great /goo

23、d time have a class meeting order foodstay at home take the bus half the classpotato chipstomorrow night make some food be angry with sb.travel around the worldgo to collegemake (a lot of) moneyget an educationwork harda soccer playerkeep.to oneselftalk to sb.be angry at/about sth the first step习惯用法

24、：ask sb. to do sth be afraid to do sth. need to do sth语法：make mistakes in halfgive sb sth.advise sb to do sthin the future solve a problemin life in the end run away school clean-uptell sb. to do sthIts best (not)to do sth.too.to do sthI think ril take the bus to the party.What will happen if they h

25、ave the party today?If you do, youll be late.If they have it today, half the class wontcome.Should we ask people to bring food? bring potato chips and chocolate.Tina作文If we ask people to bring food, theyll just帮助某人做某事 .怎么样？ / .好不好？ 想让某人做某事有多少.发现做某事是.的和某人一起度过时光向某人询问某事通过做某事你最喜欢的是什么？ 开始做某事做某事的最好方式go sh

26、oppinghow oftenonce a weekgo to the moviesuse the Internethave dance and piano lessons play tennisseem like .好像,似乎It seems like a god idea.2. decide to do sth.决定做某事They decide to visit the museum.3. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与 begin 互换。He started doing his homework.4. over介词，多于，超过，在以上（表

27、示数目、程度）=more thanMy father is over 40 years old.5. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do.Dont talk too much.much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。The hat is much too big for me.Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀：too much, much too,用法区别看后头：m

28、uch后接不可数，too后修饰形 或副。too many要记住，后面名词必复数。6. because of介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He cant take a walk because of the rain.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive.不定 彳弋词 anyone ,something, anything, everything, nothing, everyone ,no oneCompositionWhat a diff

29、erence a day makes! My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it stared raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. W

30、e didnt have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible! And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything. My father didnt bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. The food tasted great because I was so hungry!Unit 2 How often do you exercise?惯用法：1. help sb

31、. with sthHow about.?2. want sb. to do sth.3. How many +可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句主语+ find+ that从句4. Its + adj.+ to do sth.5. spend time with sb.6. ask sb. about sth.7. by doing sth.8. Whafs your favorite?9. start doing sth.10. the best way to do sth.短语help with houseworkon weekendshardly evertwice a monthevery

32、daybe freeswing dancestay up latego to bed earlybe good for in ones free timethe most popular go to the dentistold habits the hard语法要点：What do you usually do on weekends?What do they do on weekends?What does she do on weekends?How often do you go to the movies?How often does he watch TV?Do you go sh

33、opping?词语辨析：at leastplay sportsgo campingnot.at allsuch asmore thanless thanI always exercise.They often help with housework.She sometimes goes shopping.I go to the movies maybe once a month.He hardly ever watches TV.No, I never go shopping.1. how often多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once, twice, three times等词

34、语。 How often do you play sports? Three times a week.how long多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here? How long is the ruler?how for多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。How far is it from here to the park? Ws about 2 kilometers.2. free空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy, be free有空，闲着，相当于have time.ril be fre

35、e next week. = Til have time next week.还可作“免费的、自由的解。be free to do sth.自由地做某事。The tickets are free.Youre free to go or to stay.3. How come?怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可 引导一个问句，相当于疑问句why,但how come开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语 序。How come Tom didnt come to the party? = Why didnt Tom come to the party?4. stay up

36、 late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡Dont stay up late next time.stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉。He stayed up all night to write his story.5. go to bed强调上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night, go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡“。 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.6. find + 宾语 +名词，发现 ： We have found him (to be) a good

37、 boy.find + 宾语 + 形容词， 发现：He found the room dirty.find + 宾语 + 现在分词， 发现：I found her standing at the door.7. percent百分数，基数词+ percent： percent没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名 词来判断谓语的单复数。Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percentof time passed.8. more than超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义

38、 词组为：less than.I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years.9. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事；be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark.Dont be afraid of asking question.Fm afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心：Im afraid I have to go now.10. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time

39、的区另U：sometimes频度副词，有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、 句中或句末。Sometimes I get up very early. How often do you get up?sometime副词，某个时候。表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用 疑问词when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week.When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.I h

40、ave read the story some times.How many times have you read the story?some time名词短语，一段时间.表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时 how longWhat do No. 5 High School Students do in their free time?Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise., use of the Inter

41、net and watching TV. Here are the results.We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all!We all know that many students ofte

42、n go on-line, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at lease three or four time a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework.Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister句型：Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays t

43、hem better than Tom.Thats Tara, isnt it?Are you as friendly as your sister?Im shy so its not easy for 短语归纳：1. more outgoing3. the singing competition5. be talented in music7. care about 9. be like a mirror 11. bring out13. reach for15. in fact17. be good at19. be similar to短语用法：1. have fun doing sth

44、.2. want to do sth.me to make friends.2. as.as4. the most important6. the same as8. be different from10. as long as12. get better grade14. touch ones heart,16. make friends_ 18. the other20. be good with3. as +形容词或副词的原级+ as4. be good at doing sth5. make sb. Do sth.6. If s+ 形容词 + for sb. To do sth. 语

45、法知识：Is Tom smarter than Sam?Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? Are you a friendly as your sister? Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Whos more hardworking at school? 语法讲解：享受做某事的乐趣想要做某事与一样擅长做某事让某人做某事对某人来说，做某事是的No,he isnt. Sam is smarter than Tom.No, she isnt. Tina is more outgoing than Tara.No, Im not. Im

46、 friendlier.Yes, she does.Tina thinks she works harder than me.形容词与副词的比较级大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1.规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er, -est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最局级一般单音节词末尾加-er, -esttall （高的）great （巨大的）taller greatertallest greatest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r, -stnice (好的) large (大的)nicer largernicest largest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写 结尾的辅音字母,再加-er, -estbig （大的） hot （热的）bigger hotterbiggest hottest“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i, 再加-er,-esteasy （容易的） busy （忙的）easier busiereasiest busiest少数以-er