2023届辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中高三一模英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2023年葫芦岛市普通高中高三年级第一次模拟考试英语第I卷（三部分，共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does Sam usually order?A. Coffee.B. Beer.C. Wine.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Ah, Sam. Would you like to have

2、 a cup of coffee as usual?M: Not today, Mary. Tm celebrating my promotion. Til have a beer, and grab a glass of wine for yourself.W: Congratulations! Lets have fiin today!2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What kind of film does the woman want to watch?A. Comedy.B. Action.C. Drama.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Hey, did you get

3、 tickets for World War Dramatic tonight?W: No, I dont feel like watching an action movie. How about something funny instead?3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the mans job probably?A. A doctor.B. A car mechanic.C. A police officer.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Turn your engine off, please. Do you know why I have pulled

4、 you over today, miss?W: I know. I was doing eighty mph in a sixty mph zone, but Vm a doctor. Im rushing to my hospital to try to save a patient.4 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why couldnt the man understand the womans aunt?A. She speaks in sign language.B. She speaks with an odd accent.C. She speaks a differe

5、nt languageThe process of growing old cannot be stopped.B. The basic rule behind rejuvenation is fully understood.C. The new drug has been put into use safely and effectively.【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国研究人员用一种基因疗法治疗健康的小鼠，这种疗法可以使 衰老的细胞恢复体力，使小鼠更年轻。文章介绍了这种基因疗法的作用和研究过程。【28题详解】细节理

6、解题。根据文章第一段话 uRepeating the trick in humans is far from straightforward, but the findings will fuel interest in new therapiesthat aim to slow or reverse theageing process as a means of tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimers.（在人类身上重复这一技巧远非易事，但这一发现将激发人们对旨在 减缓或逆转衰老过程的新疗法的兴趣，作为治疗癌症和

7、阿尔茨海默氏症等与年龄有关的疾病的一种手 段。）”可知，这一研究发现引发了对减缓衰老新疗法的兴趣，也对治疗其他疾病有重大启发。故选D 项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段话 “The scientists drew on previous work by the Japanese Nobel winner Prof Shinya Yamanaka, who showed that a mixture of four molecules（原子）一known as Yamanaka factors一can turn adult cells into youthful stem cells

8、that are capable of forming almost any tissue （组织）in the body.（科学家们借鉴 了日本诺贝尔奖得主Shinya Yamanaka教授之前的研究成果。Shinya Yamanaka教授展示了一种四种分子的 混合物即山中因子可以将成年细胞转化为年轻的干细胞，这些干细胞几乎能够形成体内的任何组 织。）” 以及第三段话 found that mice who received Yamanaka factors for several months were similar to younger animals in many ways, wi

9、th their skin in particular showing signs of rejuvenation（恢复青春）.（研究发现， 连续几个月接受山中因子治疗的小鼠在许多方面与年轻的小鼠相似，尤其是它们的皮肤显示出年轻化的迹 象。）”可知，研究表明可以将小白鼠的皮肤变得更年轻化，故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段话 “The experiments showed that rejuvenation was more effective when the therapy was given for a long time-7 to 10 months-starting

10、when the animals were 12 to 15 months old, equal to age 35 to 50 in humans.（实验表明，当治疗时间较长（7到10个月）时，恢复活力更有效，从动物12到15 个月大开始，相当于人类的35到50岁。）”可知，治疗时间越久，效果会更好。故选A项。31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段话 “In theory, biological age reversal or reduction could be possible. However, we are at very early stages where we need to

11、 understand the basic science behind it much better,（从理论上讲，生 物年龄逆转或缩短是可能的。然而，我们还处于非常早期的阶段，我们需要更好地理解它背后的基础科 学，）”可知，我们现在的研究还处于初级阶段，还需要更多的深入研究和实践，故选A项。Away from the bright lights of the city, if you look up at the night sky you will see an ocean of bright stars. But in the illuminated concrete jungles

12、we humans have built ourselves, ifs a different story.This year, Earth Hour was observed on March 26. The annual tradition, started by the World Wildlife Fund （WWF） in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, was created to raise awareness for climate change. Those celebrating turn off all their electrical applia

13、nces for one hour. It also draws attention to another serious problem that the world is currently facing 一 the threat of light pollution.Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms nature. Scientists have found that it is especially harmful to nocturnal animals. These creatures rely o

14、n the natural light cycle provided by the movement of the sun to help coordinate their sleep cycles. When this is disturbed by constant bright lights from man-made structures, it can seriously disorientate the animals and harm their physical health. Wildlife species have evolved on this planet with

15、biological rhythms 一 changing that has profound e徒cts,“ said Travis Longcore, a biogeographer with the Urban Wildlands Group in Los Angeles, US. A lack of darkness at night can also cause difficulties for animals in other ways.Newly hatched （孵化）baby sea turtles rely on the brighter horizon over the

16、ocean to guide them from the beach to the sea. However, with artificial lights next to the oceans, the small animals are easily led away from the right path. Hatchlings are attracted to lights and crawl inland, or crawl aimlessly down the beach, sometimes until dawn, when predators or birds get them

17、 J said Michael Salmon, a biologist at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida.Artificial light has caused a drastic change, to the natural environment of animals, research scientist Christopher Kyba told the International Dark-Sky Association. Predators use light to hunt, and prey （猎物）sp

18、ecies use darkness as cover,“ Kyba explained. If a predator has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey, this can lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem as the hunted species are no longer able to maintain their population when they become over-hunted.32. Why was Earth Hour created?A. To raise aw

19、areness of air pollution.B. To call on people to get closer to nature.C. To draw public attention to environmental issues.D. To reconsider the necessity of electrical devices.33. How does light pollution affect nocturnal animals?B. It changes their sleep cycles.D. It reduces their difficulties cause

20、d by darkness.A. It slows their growth.C. It lessens their dependence on the sun.34. What trouble does artificial lighting cause baby sea turtles?A. It can prevent them from reaching the ocean.C. It makes them lose their way to the beach.35. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. The argument ov

21、er artificial lights.C. The impact of artificial lights on environment.【答案】32.C33. B 34. C 35. DB. It can affect their biological rhythms.D. It exposes them to predators in the sea.B. Animals that benefit from artificial lights.D. The dangers of an imbalance in the ecosystem.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创

22、立“地球一小时”不仅提高了人们对气候变化的认识，还引 起了人们对另一个严重问题的关注一一光污染的威胁，光污染不仅改变了动物的睡眠周期，而且还会导致 生态系统失衡。【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 “The annual tradition, started by the World Wildlife Fund （WWF） in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, was created to raise awareness for climate change.（2007 年,世界野生动物基金会在澳大利亚 悉尼创立了这个年度传统日，旨在提高人们对气候变化的认识）”可知

23、，创立“地球一小时”是为了引起公 众对环境问题的关注。故选C。33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 “These creatures rely on the natural light cycle provided by the movement of the sun to help coordinate their sleep cycles. When this is disturbed by constant bright lights from man-made structures, it can seriously disorientate the animals and harm

24、their physical health.（这些生物依靠太阳运动提供的 自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠周期。当人造建筑物持续发出的亮光打乱了这种状态时，就会使动物失去方 向感，危害它们的身体健康）”可知，生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠，而光污染打 乱了这种状态，从而改变了动物的睡眠周期，故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Hatchlings are attracted to lights and crawl inland, or crawl aimlessly down the beach, sometimes until dawn, when predato

25、rs or birds get them J said Michael Salmon, a biologist at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida佛罗里达州博卡拉顿市佛罗里达大西洋大学的生物学家Michael Salmon说：“幼龟被灯光吸引，会向内陆爬行，或者漫无目的地沿着海滩爬行，有时会一直到天亮，这时 食肉动物或鸟类会抓住它们。可知，人工照明会让小海龟在去海滩的路上迷路。故选C。35题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段 Artificial light has caused a drastic change to the

26、 natural environment of animals, research scientist Christopher Kyba told the International Dark-Sky Association. Predators use light to hunt, and prey （猎物）species use darkness as cover,“ Kyba explained. If a predator has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey, this can lead to an imbalance in

27、the ecosystem as the hunted species are no longer able to maintain their population when they become over-hunted.（研究科学家Christopher Kyba告诉国际暗天协会，人造光已经给动 物的自然环境带来了 “巨大的变化”。“捕食者利用光线捕食，而猎物物种利用黑暗作为掩护，” Kyba解 释说。如果食肉动物在捕捉猎物方面有这样的额外优势，这会导致生态系统的失衡，因为被捕猎的物种在 过度捕猎时，不再能够维持其数量）”可知，本段主要讲了人造光对生态系统的影响，即导致生态系统失 衡，故

28、选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分125分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。How to Organize Your Digital FilesSearching for a file on your computer is a whole lot easier than digging through a pile of papers, yet its far from being a perfect system. Lately, ifs been hit-or-miss for me. 36 I hope some of t

29、hese tips will help you.Use “resources”, “in progress”, “final”, and “scrap” folders for projects.There are plenty of ways to title your subfolders for projects, but one of the most intuitive（使用简便的）is to have folders for stages of your project. 37The resources“ folder is for things like images, docu

30、ments, and other items that are needed to complete your project. 38 Final. as you might imagine, is fbr the project files once the project has been approved and is done. Scrap is for anything you want to save from the project that doesnt belong in the final“ folder.39Its near impossible to find a ph

31、oto quickly when you have thousands of photos all named something like “20211108_0978234.jpg. So for photos, I like to have a date structure and folders fbr key events or categories, such as: 2021 01 （for the month）2021-01 Mom and Dad 50 Anniversary LA. This way, you can either browse your photos by

32、 year and month or search fbr folders that include “Mom, Dad，“Anniversary，or LA.”Use tags.In addition to creating a folder structure that works for you, consider tagging files.40 Say, for example,you want to see all of your photos fbr all of your holiday celebrations. You can set up a tag fbr “holid

33、ays. And then to narrow down the results, you can search using the tag.A. With tags, you can connect multiple files across folders.B. For photos, use a date structure and keywords for your folders.C. This way, you can always know which is the final project file to grab.D. The standards will keep fil

34、es organized and make them easier on the eye.E. In progress is fbr the current working version or versions of the project.F. To find files more efficiently Ive been rearranging my digital filing system.G. Move your photos to a more specific folder or back them up on an external storage device.【答案】36

35、. F 37. C 38. E 39. B 40. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何组织数字文件。【36题详解】根据 Searching for a file on your computer is a whole lot easier than digging through a pile of papers, yet its far from being a perfect system. Lately, its been hit-or-miss for me.（在你的电脑上搜索一个文件比翻一堆文件要容 易得多，但它远不是一个完美的系统。最近，这对我来说是一触即发）”以

36、及空后“ I hope some of these tips will help you.（我希望这些建议对你有所帮助）”可知，空处承上启下，表明作者对如何能够有效的找到 电脑上的文件做了一些操作。F项“为了更有效地查找文件，我一直在重新安排我的数字文件系统。”符 合语境。故选F。【37题详解】根据 There are plenty of ways to title your subfolders for projects, but one of the most intuitive（使用简便的）is to have folders for stages of your project4有很多

37、方法可以为项目的子文件夹命名，但最直观的方法之一是为 项目的各个阶段设置文件夹）”可知，空处总结前面给出的方法所带来的好处，为项目的各个阶段设置文件 夹最终能够让你随时知道要获取的文件是哪个。c项“这样，您就可以随时知道要获取的最终项目文件是 哪个。”符合语境。C项中的this way指代前文中的“one of the most intuitive”这种最简便的方法之一。 故选C。【38题详解】根据Use “resources”, in progress, final, and scrap folders for projects.（对项目使用“资源、”进行 中”、“最终”和“废弃”文件夹）”

38、以及第三段的内容可知，本段详细的介绍了这几种文件夹。按顺序， The “resources” folder和“Final,”之间是in progress”。所以本空是对“in progress”这种文件夹的介绍。E项“进行中”文件夹用于项目的当前工作版本。”符合语境。故选E。【39题详解】根据 “Its near impossible to find a photo quickly when you have thousands of photos all named something like “20211108_0978234.jpg. So for photos, I like to

39、have a date structure and folders for key events or categories, such as: 2021 01 （for the month）2021-01 Mom and Dad 50 Anniversary LA.（当你有数千张照片都命名为 “20211108_0978234.jpg”时，几乎不可能很快找到一张照片。因此，对于照片，我喜欢为关键事件或类别设置日期结构和文件夹，例如：2021 01 （月份）2021-01妈妈和爸爸50周年纪念洛杉矶）”可知， 本段讲述如何设置储存照片 文件夹。B项“对于照片，请为文件夹使用日期结构和关键字。”

40、适合作本 段的标题。B项中的photos在下文中得到了复现。故选B。【40题详解】 根据大标题 “Use tags.（使用标记）”以及 uIn addition to creating a folder structure that works for you, consider tagging files.（除了创建适合您的文件夹结构外，还可以考虑标记文件）”可知，本段所给建议为标记文件。 空处表明使用标记的好处。A项”使用标记，可以跨文件夹连接多个文件。”符合语境。A项中的Withtags和前文中的consider tagging files想呼应。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分3

41、0分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Misty Copeland spends most days twisting, spinning and 41, She practices and 42 the graceful movements of her art. When she isnt performing she is practicing. When she isnt practicing, she is stretching. She ta

42、kes classes almost every day. She takes care of her body so she doesnt 43 it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre.“I treat my body with the respect that any musician would to their 44 says Misty. I love my body； she adds.Was she 45 confident? Actually, she was a 46 girl and avoided the spotligh

43、t. But Misty lovedmusic and movement. When she was thirteen, Mistys teacher suggested she 47 a free ballet class at the Boys&Girls Club. For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class, afraid to 48. Finally, shegave it a 49. At first, she felt 50 in the class. She didnt know anything a

44、bout ballet, and she was51 than most of the students. Over time, 52. she began to enjoy the lessons. She discovered thather body - especially her long legs and flexible muscles - was just 53 for ballet. After the class season ended, Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio. Most balleri

45、nas （女舞者）start their training much younger than thirteen. But Mistys natural abilities and hard work made her improve quickly.Over the next five years, ballet was Mistys 54, She practiced, performed, competed and attendedballet programs. Performing was my favourite part because I felt 55 and open on

46、stage J she says. For the first time in my life, I felt like I belonged.41. A. wanderingB. leapingC. exercisingD. dancing42. A. perfectsB. conquersC. examinesD. describes43. A. hurtB. injureC. spoilD.abuse44. A. appearanceB. voiceC. techniquesD. instruments45. A. foundB. madeC. bornD. trained46. A.

47、humbleB. quietC. cautiousD. shy47. A. attendB. registerC. learnD. watch48. A. stand upB. catch upC. cut inD. join in49. A. restB.chanceC. tryD. thought50. A. out of placeB. out of orderC. out of mindD. out of control51. A. youngerB. olderC. tallerD. shorter52. A. meanwhileB. howeverC. moreoverD. thu

48、s53. A. readyB. goodC. rightD. qualified54. A. lifeB. majorC. prospectD. stage55. A. improvedB. calmC. freeD.secure【答案】41. B 42. A43. B 44. D45. C 46. D 47. A48. D 49. C 50B 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Misty Copeland的芭蕾舞团梦之旅，除了天赋以外，她的刻苦努力 也是成功的一个重要因素之一。41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Misty Copeland大部分时间都在扭动、旋转和跳跃。A. wandering流浪；B. leaping 跳跃；C. exercising 锻炼；D. dancing 跳舞。根据下文 “She lakes care of her body so she doesnt 3 il when she goes to work in a ballet t