山东省泰安市高一上学期期末考试英语试题WORD版含解析.docx

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1、2022-2023学年高一年级上学期期末质量检测英语试题本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共8页。试卷满分为150分, 答题时间为120分钟。第I卷（共95分）注意事项：1 .答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、学号、学校、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡 o.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，不能答在试卷上。2 .考试结束后，监考人员将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分听力（共两节，20个小题，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力 部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将

2、你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答 有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How many people will visit New York for free?A.2B.3C.5.2 What does the man advise the woman to do?A. See Mr. Smith. B. Check the letter. C. Type the letter again.3. Wh

3、afs wrong with Jane?A. She misses her home very much.B. She hasnt received her mothers letter.C. She is worried about her mothers health.4. What does the man want to do?A. Learn to play baseball. B. Organize a baseball team. C. Find a baseball player.5. What does Susan mean? reach this conclusion, i

4、f only everyone took the time to really involve themselves in it.（如果每个人者B花 时间真正参与其中，我们与大自然的经历将促使我们得出这个结论）”可知，作者想告诉我们：走 进大自然，你会知道它是多么珍贵。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。作者通过这篇文章告诉我们：大自然能给我们带来快乐，并具有超越资源的巨大价 值；走进大自然，我们才会知道它是多么珍贵。所以，在“At One with Nature”这种与自然相关 的论坛我们才能找到这篇文章。故选C项。DSometimes it takes a crisis （危机）to br

5、ing friends together. When Hurricane （飓风）Maria went through the island of Cayo Santiago in 2017, the monkeys living there became kinder toward each other, according to a study published in the journal Current Biology.The findings show the monkeys made more friends and became more patient to one anot

6、her. Although the hurricane destroyed two-thirds of the plants on the “Monkey Island，the increased competition for resources caused the monkeys to become more amicable, which helped them widen their friendship circles.“We expected the monkeys would use their closest partners to deal with the destruc

7、tion of the hurricane and so would strengthen their existing relationships/9 said lead author Testard.But that was not what happened. Instead, the monkeys built new relationships, rather than strengthening their old ones, which surprised the researchers. Monkeys that were the most lonely before the

8、storm increased social connections the most afterward. The study showed that monkeys often befriended the friends of their friends. This easy way to making friends is often mirrored in human society.The findings could also indicate how people might deal with the increasing threat of climate change.T

9、he monkeys are close evolutionary relatives to humans and share many features of their biology and behavior with human beings. The climate crisis has increased the likelihood of extreme weather events and natural disasters. Humans can learn a thing or two from studying how the monkeys cope with the

10、unpleasant effects of climate change.The main takeaway the study offers humans: go beyond your close-knit circle of friends and form a broader social network to sur/ive tough times. Our best friends can give us many things. But sometimes, what we need is a social network where everyone is just frien

11、dly enough,“ Testard says.12. What does the underlined word amicable“ probably mean?A. Attacking.B. Frightening.C. Friendly.D. Energetic.13. What shocked researchers about the monkeys in crisis?A. They shared the limited resources.B. They took advantage of old bonds.C. They established new relations

12、hips.D. Isolated monkeys were most popular.14. What does the last paragraph focus on about the study?A. Its process.B. Its result.C. Its purpose.D. Itssignificance.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Ups and Downs of the Monkey IslandConnection between Humans and MonkeysB. A Crisis Lead

13、s to New Monkey FriendshipsLearn from Monkeys for Broader Social Network【答案】12.C13. C 14. D 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当飓风过境时，圣地亚哥岛上的猴子建立了新的友谊。12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段 “The findings show the monkeys made more friends and became more patient to one another.（研究结果显示,獗子们结交了更多的朋友，对彼此也变得更有耐心。）以及“which helped them

14、 widen their friendship circles.（这有助于它们扩大友谊圈。）可知，猴子们在飓风之 后变得更加友好，这有助于它们扩大友谊圈，推测划线单词表示“友好的，与friendly同义。 故选C项。13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 “Instead, the monkeys built new relationships, rather than strengthening their old ones, which surprised the researchers.（相反，猴子们建立了新的关系，而不是巩固他们的旧 关系，这让研究人员感到惊讶。）可知，使研究人员感到惊讶的

15、是猴子们建立了新的关系，而不 是巩固旧关系。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段The main takeaway the study offers humans: go beyond your close-knit circle of friends and form a broader social network to survive tough times.” （这项研究为人类提供的 主要好处是：超越紧密的朋友圈，建立更广泛的社交网络，度过艰难时期。）可知，本段主要介 绍了这项研究为人类提供的好处，即这项研究的意义。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 “When

16、 Hurricane （咫风）Maria went through the island of Cayo Santiago in 2017, the monkeys living there became kinder toward each other, according to a study published in the journal Current Biology.（根据发表在当代生物学杂志上的一项研究，2017年飓风玛丽亚袭 击圣地亚哥卡约岛时一,生活在那里的猴子对彼此变得更友好了。）文章主要介绍了当飓风过境时， 圣地亚哥岛上的猴子建立了新的友谊，所以“危机带来猴子之间新的友谊

17、”可以作为文章标题。 故选C项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Some people succeed,while others may not. 16The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, you must be optimistic（乐观的）。If you do not expect to win,you will not try as hard as those who do expect to win

18、.17 If you do not have an aim then you will not be motivated to work hard and put yourperformance under the microscope to make sure that every detail is right.Another quality that helps people succeed is creativity（有仓ij造力）thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the

19、 same thing. 18 They might be successful with a little creativity,but the most successful people are the most creative ones.199 will help you learn about how other people have achieved success.If you want to learnhow to set up a successful business, you should read books about people like Bill Gates

20、 and Jerry Yang.Practicing is also important if you want to succeed because practice makes perfect.Practise every day at whatever career you are in,and by doing so,you will see yourself,your business and your self-confidence begin to grow. 20Success is yours for the taking! Cheers!A. If you trust yo

21、urself and do what you want confidently,your colleagues will be happy to work with you. B. Think about some successful people you know.C. Reading is another to success.D. Thats because some people work extra hard.E. Listening is also of importance to success.F. You also need to have a clear goal bec

22、ause motivation（动力）is a key to achieving success.G. This is because some people possess certain qualities,which others do not.答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。主要讲述了成功的要素。【16题详解】根据第二段提至IJ的“The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, you must be optimistic（乐观的）.（你必须记住的

23、第一件事是，为了成功，你必须乐观厂和第四段提至U的“Another quality that helps people succeed is creativity（有创造力）（帮助人们成功的另一个品质是创造力）可 知，下文说到了成功需要乐观和有创造力，论述了成功所需要的品质，即如何成功，结合上文“Some people succeed, while others may not.（有些人成功了，而另一些人可能不成功。厂可推断承接上文 提到的success,此处引出下文的成功的要素，G项中的“this”指代上文的“somepeoplesucceed，且 G项中的“some.,others.”结构

24、与上文一致，“qualities”引出下文对成功品质的解释。故选Go17题详解】下文“If you do not have an aim, then you will not be motivated to work hard and put your performance under the microscope to make sure that every detail is right.（如果你没有目标，那么你就不会有动力 去努力工作，不能把你 表现放在显微镜下，以确保每一个细节都是正确的广说明你需要有一个 目标，然后就会被激励去付诸努力。F项中的“motivation”与下文的“m

25、otivate”一致，说明你也需耍 有一个清晰的目标，因为动力是成功的关键要素之一。故选F。18题详解】下文“They might be successful with a little creativity, but the most successful people are the most creative ones.（他们可能会有一点创造力，但最成功的人是最有创造力的人。）”可知，后一句的they肯定 是指代前文出现过的人，并且后面说的是最成功的人是最有创造力的。B项中的“some successful people”相符，想想你身边的成功人士，然后引出下文。故选B。19题详解】下文

26、“It will help you learn about how other people have achieved success. If you want to learn how to set up a successful business, you should read books about people like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang.（它将帮助 你了解其他人是如何取得成功的。如果你想学习如何建立一个成功的企业，你应该读一些关于比 尔盖茨和杰瑞杨这样的人的书。户说明你应该读书，说明阅读也是成功的另一要素。故选C。【20题详解】上文“Practi

27、se every day at whatever career you are in, and by doing so, you will see yourself, your business and your self-confidence begin to grow.（无论你从事什么职业，每天都要练习，这样你就会 看到你自己、你的事业和你的自信开始增长。广说明无论你从事什么工作都要自信，A项中“trust yourself，和“confidently”与上文的self-con任dence”一致。因此推断选A项“如果你相信自己，并且 自信地做自己想做的事，你的同事将会很愉快地与你工作。符合

28、语境。故选A。第三部分知识运用（共两节，满分45）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）Have you ever seen the advertisement: Learn a foreign language in six weeks, 21 give your money back? Of course, it 22 happens quite like that. The only language 23 to learn is the mother language. And think 24 practice is needed for that. Before th

29、e Second World War people usually learned a foreign language 25 the literature of the country. Now most people want to 26 a foreign language. Every year millions of people start learning 27.How do they do it? Some people try at home 28 books and tapes, others go to evening classes or watch TV progra

30、ms. 29 they use the language only 2 or 3 times a week, learning it will 30 a long time, like language learning at school. A few people try to learn a language fast by studying for 6 or 31 hours a day. Its much easier to learn the language in the country where it 32. But most people are 33 to do this

31、, and many people dont have to do so. Machines andgood books will be very 34, but they can not do the students9 work. 35 the language islearned quickly or slowly, it is hard work.21. A. soB. orC. andD. but22. A. cantB. impossibleC. neverD. often23. A. easilyB. difficultC. ableD. easy24. A. how muchB

32、. how longC. how fastD. how many25. A. studiedB. to studyC. studyingD. study26. A. talkB. tellC.speakD. say27. A. whatB. thisC. thatD. it28. A. withoutB. withC. inD. by29. A. IfB. WhenC. SinceD. Until30. A. spendB. useC. takeD. cost31. A. someB. moreC. otherD.less32. A. speaksB. is speakingC. spokeD

33、. is spoken33. A. ableB. possibleC. unableD. not possible34. A. carefulB. forgetfulC. wonderfulD. helpful35. A. EitherB. WhetherC. WhatD. How【答案】21. B 22.C 23. D 24. A 25.B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30.C 31. B32. D 33. C34. D35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了人们学习外语的目的和方法，并指出：机器和好的书籍 对语言学习是非常有用的，但他们不能代替学生的工作。

34、无论学得快还是慢，语言学习都是一项 艰苦的工作。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：你有没有见过这样的广告：在六周内学会一门外语，否则就把钱退给 你?A. so所以;B.or否则；C.and和；D. but但是。根据上文的祈使句uLearn a foreign language in six weeks和下文的“give your money back”可知，这是广告中的承诺，承诺让你在六周内学会 一门外语，否则就把钱退给你。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词（形容词）词义辨析。句意：当然，事情从来没有像这样发生过。A. can*不能；B. impossible 不可能的；C.never从不；

35、D. often经常。根据谓语动词happens可知，空格处不可能用cant也 不能用形容词impossible；根据句中的ofcourse可知，作者是说从来不会发生广告中说的退钱 这种事。故选C项。23题详解】考查形容词（副词）词义辨析。句意：唯一容易学的语言是母语。A. easily容易；B. difficult困难 的；Cable能够；D.easy容易的。根据句意分析句子可知，空格以后的部分“3 tolearn是后置定语，修饰前面的名词language,所以空格处应该用形容词；再由下文的“mother language”可知，此处一定说的是容易学的语言。故选D项。【24题详解】考查特殊疑

36、问词辨析。句意：想想这需要多少练习。A. how much多少；B. how long多长时间；C. how fast多快；D. how many多少。根据空格后 不可数名词practice可知，此处应该用how much 表示“想想这需要多少练习”，修饰不可数名词，此处说的是学校母语需要了多少练习。故选A 项。25题详解】考查非谓语动词（谓语）。句意：第二次世界大战以前，人们学习一门外语通常是为了研究这个 国家的文学。A. studied研究；B. to study为了研究；C.studying研究；D. study研究。根据句意分 析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式形式作目的状语。故选B项。

37、【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在大多数人都想说一门外语Z A. talk谈话；B. tell告诉；C.speak会 讲（某种语言）;D.say说。根据空格后的“a foreign language”可知，说某种语言应该用动词speak。 故选C项。27题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：每年都有数百万人开始学习外语。A. what什么；B. this这个；C. that 那个；D. it它。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个代词，代指上一句中的a foreign language,所以应该用it。故选D项。【28题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：有些人在家看书和听磁带，有些人去上夜校

38、或看电视节目。A. without 没有；B.with用（某种工具、物品或材料）；C.in在内；D.by通过（表示方式）。根据句中的 “try at home”和“books and tapes”可知，此处是说一些人在家里使用书或磁带学习外语。故选 B项。【29题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果他们每周只使用语言2到3次，学习它将需要很长时间，就像在 学校学习语言一样。A.If如果；B. When何时；C.Since自以后；D.Until直到为止。根 据句意和句中的use the language only 2 or 3 times a week以及 ulearning it will 10

39、 a long time可知，空格处的句子和下文是条件关系，所以空格处应该用连词if。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们每周只使用语言2到3次，学习它将需耍很长时间，就像在 学校学习语言一样。A.spend花费；B.use使用;C.take需要时间;D.cost需付费。根据句子的主语learning it和空格后的“along time”，此处应该用take表示“需要时间”，不能用 动词spend （主语必须是人）。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一些人试图通过每天学习6个小时或更长时间来快速学习一门语言。A.some一些；B. more 更多；C. o

40、ther 其他的；D. less 更少。根据句中的 “ A few people try to learn a language fast可知，一些人肯定是想通过每天学习6个小时或更长时间来快速学习一门语言。 故选B项。【32题详解】考查被动语态。句意：在使用这种语言的国家学习这种语言要容易得多。A. speaks会讲（某种语 言）；B. is speaking正在讲话；C.spoke会讲（某种语言）；D.is spoken被说出。根据where引导 的定语从句的主语it可知，it指的是上文的language,所以it和动词speak之间肯定是被动关系， 应该用被动语态。故选D项。【33题详解

41、】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是大多数人做不到，也有很多人不需要这样做。A. able能够；B. possible可能的；C. unable无法；D. not possible不可能。根据句中的转折连词but和下文的“and many people don have to do so可知，此处是说大多数人做不到（在使用这种语言的国家学习这 种语言），所以应该用形容词unable；不能用not possible （possible的主语不能是人）。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：机器和好书会很有帮助，但是他们不能做学生的作业。A. careful 小心的；B. forgetfu

42、l健忘的；C. wonderful好极了 ； D. helpful有帮助的。根据句中的“machines and good books可知，机器和好的书籍对学习语言肯定是有帮助的。故选D项。【35题详解】考查连词（代词）词义辨析。句意：无论语言学得快还是慢，都是一项艰苦的工作。A. Either （两 者中的）任何一个；B. Whether无论；C.What什么；D. How如何。根据句中的or可知，此处应 该用连词whether和or连用，表示无论下文中的哪一种情况，语言学习都是一项艰苦的工作。故 选B项。第II卷（共55分）第三部分语言知识运用第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分

43、)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A Chinese knot is a knot 36 is tied and woven from a single length of cord or rope to be various complexity. Each shape has its own meaning. Nowadays you can find them as decoration, gifts for special 37 (occasion) and adornments on clothes.Most Knots are double laye

44、red and have two cords entering the knot from the top and two leaving from the bottom. Each kind of knot 38 (name) after its shape or the meaning that it carries.Knot weavers can use a 39 (vary) of colors, but they usually weave deep red ones and the color red signifies good fortuneChinese knots bol

45、d emotional value when 40 (give) as gifts or passed down through families. For example, in ancient times and even now, lovers may give a knot 41 a representation of their love. The true love knof and the double happiness knof are used at weddings 42 (express) mutual love and growing old together in

46、fidelity(忠诚).Knots are 43 means of fastening traditional garments instead of buttons or wooden pegs(挂 钩).Now, silk is most 44 (wide) used to make these clothing knots and 45 are usedas jewelry such as even rings, earrings, bracelets, and necklaces.【答案】36. that whichoccasions37. is namedvariety38. gi

47、ven 41. asto express42. a 44. widely45. they【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要是讲述了中国结的制作，每种中国结的名字由来，中国结在不 同场合用处及意义等。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国结是一种用一根绳子或绳子绑成各种复杂程度的结。分析句子可知, 此处引导定语从句，先行词为aknot,指物，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。【37题详解】考查可数名词的复数。句意：如今，你可以把它们当作装饰品、特殊场合的礼物和衣服上的装饰 品。occasion表示“时机”，为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处用名词的复数形式表示泛指，故 填 occasio

48、ns o【38题详解】考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：每种结都是根据其形状或其所承载的意义来命名的。结 合句意可知，句子在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语为each kind of knot,谓语动词用三 单形式，且与name “命名”之间是被动关系，故填is named。【39题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：结编织者可以使用多种颜色，但他们通常编织深红色的结，红色表示好运。固定搭配a variety of表示“各种各样的”符合句意，故填variety。【40题详解】考查省略句。句意：当作为礼物或通过家庭传递时，中国结具有情感价值。分析句子可知，此处 为when引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略了主语Chinese knots与be动词are,主语Chinese knots 与give之间是被动关系，故完整的句子应为when Chinese knots are given,故填giveno【41题详解】考查介词。句意：例如，在古代甚至现在，情侣们可能会打一个结来表示他们的爱情。由句意可 知，该空需要介词，表示“作为”，故填as