2023届安徽省合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测英语试题.pdf

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1、合 肥 市 2023年 高 三 第 一 次 教 学 质 量 检 测 英 语 试 题（考 试 时 间：120分 钟 满 分:150分）注 意 事 项：1.答 卷 前，考 生 务 必 将 自 己 的 姓 名、准 考 证 号 填 写 在 答 题 卡 上。2.回 答 选 择 题 时，选 出 每 小 题 答 案 后，用 铅 笔 把 答 题 卡 上 对 应 题 目 的 答 案 标 号 涂 黑。如 需 改 动，用 橡 皮 擦 干 净 后，再 选 涂 其 他 答 案 标 号。回 答 非 选 择 题 时，将 答 案 写 在 答 题 卡 上，写 在 本 试 卷 上 无 效。3.考 试 结 束 后，将 本 试 卷

2、和 答 题 卡 一 并 交 回。第 一 部 分 听 力（共 两 节，满 分 30分）做 题 时，先 将 答 案 标 在 试 卷 上。录 音 内 容 结 束 后，你 将 有 两 分 钟 的 时 间 将 试 卷 上 的 答 案 转 涂 到 答 题 卡 上。第 一 节（共 5 小 题;每 小 题 1.5分，满 分 7.5分）听 下 面 5 段 对 话。每 段 对 话 后 有 一 个 小 题，从 题 中 所 给 的 A、B、C 三 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。听 完 每 段 对 话 后，你 都 有 10秒 钟 的 时 间 来 回 答 有 关 小 题 和 阅 读 下 一 小 题。每 段 对

3、话 仅 读 一 遍。1.What is the man doing?A.Borrowing books.B.Returning books.C.Buying books.2.Where are the speakers?A.At a hotel.B.At a bus stop.C.At the airport.3.How does the woman sound?A.Annoyed.B.WoiTied.C.Puzzled.4.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Fellow workers.

4、C.Teacher and student.5.What are the speakers taking about?A.How to sleep well.B.How to make tea.C.How to keep refreshed.第 二 节（共 15小 题;每 小 题 1.5分，满 分 22.5分）听 下 面 5 段 对 话 或 独 白。每 段 对 话 或 独 白 后 有 几 个 小 题，从 题 中 所 给 的 A、B、C 三 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。听 每 段 对 话 或 独 白 前，你 将 有 时 间 阅 读 各 个 小 题,每 小 题 5秒 钟;听 完 后，各

5、 小 题 将 给 出 5 秒 钟 的 作 答 时 间。每 段 对 话 或 独 白 读 两 遍。听 第 6 段 材 料，回 答 第 6、7题。6.Why does the man make the phone call?A.To reschedule the appointment.B.To ask about the test results.C.To seek expert consultation.7.When is the man going to meet the doctor?A.On Tuesday morning.B.On Thursday afternoon.C.On Frid

6、ay morning.听 第 7 段 材 料，回 答 第 8 至 10题。8.Which of the following will the woman order?A.Fish.B.Steak.C.Potatoes.9.Why does the woman avoid desserts?A.She hates sweet food.B.She dislikes the flavor.C.She cares about her figure.10.How does the man feel about the service?A.He is dissatisfied.B.He is confi

7、dent.C.He is curious.听 第 8 段 材 料，回 答 第 11至 13题。11.What color sweater does the man take?A.Red.B.Blue.C.Black.12.How much will the man pay?A.$90.B.$100.C.$160.13.How will the man pay?A.In cash.B.By credit card.C.With a mobile device.听 第 9 段 材 料，回 答 第 14至 17题。14.Who once worked in an animal shelter?A.T

8、he man.B.The woman.C.The womans uncle.15.What did the man do recently?试 卷 第 2 页，共 14页A.He went to visit a friend.B.He attended an interview.C.He called some animal keepers.16.What does the woman think of the mans job?A.Very exciting.B.A bit difficult.C.Highly rewarding.17.What does the woman ask the

9、 man to do?A.Take photos.B.Make a call.C.Write his story.听 第 10段 材 料，回 答 第 18至 20题。18.What do we know about Gerry?A.He is left homeless.B.He is kind-hearted.C.He lives by collecting waste.19.What does the speaker say about the house?A.It is costly.B.It is huge.C.It is moveable.20.What is the speaker

10、 mainly talking about?A.Importance of recycling resources.B.A story of helping people in need.C.Ways of raising money for charity.第 二 部 分 阅 读（共 两 节，满 分 50分）第 一 节（共 15小 题;每 小 题 2.5分，满 分 37.5分）阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。ARobots are known as the future of technology.Robotics

11、technology has just landed in theworkplace and there is a lot of work to do.Below well discuss some of the best and mostadvanced robots ever made by humans.AsimoThe primary focus of the robot is to help people.Asimo travels all around the world,makingpeople aware how robots can make life easier and

12、help humans.It can dance,run and even kick asoccer ball.The robot can communicate with people in three different languages includingJapanese,Chinese and English.Created by:Honda(Japan)SophiaIt is a realistic example of a perfect robot because it has about 50 different facial expressionsjust like hum

13、ans.Sophia is primarily designed for education,research and entertainment.It travelsthroughout the world explaining to people the importance of robots in human life.Created by:Hanson Robotics(Hong Kong,China)AtlasIts body shape is so dynamic that it can use its all body skills to move quickly and ba

14、lanceitself on diverse terrains(土 也 形).The robot is capable of performing many different tasks but somefavourite tasks are running jum ping and turnover movements.Its advanced AI systems make itcapable of seeing barriers and negotiating through diverse terrains.Created by:Boston Dynamics(United Stat

15、es)SpotSpot is an animal robot,or say a dog robot,because it looks very similar to a dog.Spot cansearch around your office,home,playground etc.as a normal dog usually does.Spot has someoutstanding functions like it can map your environment,sense bamers,lift packages and more.Created by:Boston Dynami

16、cs(United States)1.Which of the following characterizes Asimo?A.Its high speed.B.Its facial expressions.C.Its language ability.D.Its communication skills.2.Which robot is created by China?A.Asimo.B.Sophia.C.Atlas.D.Spot.3.What do Atlas and Spot have in common?A.They can change their body shapes.B.Th

17、ey can carry small packages.C.They can help do some housework.D.They can detect barriers around.BA Malawian woman,Gloria Majiga-Kamoto,was recently awarded the Goldman试 卷 第 4 页，共 14页Environmental Prize for Africa-the worlds leading award for grassroots environmentalactivists.Gloria Majiga-Kamoto was

18、 then working for a local environmental organization with aprogram that gave goats to rural farmers,who would use the goat waste to produce low-cost,high-quality organic fertilizer（肥 料）.The problem?The thin plastic bags covering the Malawiancountryside.tWe have this very common street food,chiwaya,w

19、hich is salty and served in littleblue plastics,Majiga-Kamoto says.Goats eat the plastic for salty taste and they die because itblocks the ingestion（摄 食）system.For her,this was the moment when it all changed.All of asudden,she started noticing how plastics were everywhere in the Malawian environment

20、 and foodsystem-affecting peoples living and health.“I remember back in the day when wed go to the market and buy things like fish,youd getit in newspapers,the 30-year-old says.But thin plastics took off in the last decade or so as newproducers sprung up in Malawi,selling products like thin plastic

21、bags at cheap prices.In fact,theMalawian government decided to ban the importation,production and distribution of single-useplastic in 2015.But before the ban could go into full effect,Malawis plastics-producing industryappealed to the countrys High Court against the ban,causing it to be suspended.W

22、hen Majiga-Kamoto and her fellow environmentalists heard about this,they were annoyed.She organized marches and rejected the plastic industrys argument that the ban would hurtMalawis economy and even debated with an industry spokesman on TV.Finally in 2019,Malawis High Court ruled in favor of the ba

23、n.The following year,the government began closingdown illegal plastic producers.Michael Sutton,executive director of the Goldman Environmental Foundation,said,Majiga-Kamoto fight with the plastic industry is a perfect example of the spirit of the prize.”4.What made Majiga-Kamoto realize the problem?

24、A.Her experience with plastic-eating goats.B.Her discovery of goat waste everywhere.C.Her doubt about the safety of street food.D.Her care for the farmers living in poverty.5.What can we learn about Malawi?A.It used to be extremely rich in fish.B.It advocated using thin plastic bags.C.It failed to b

25、an single-use plastic at first.D.It relied heavily on the plastic industry.6.What was the purpose of Majiga-Kamotos acts in Paragraph 4?A.To put the ban into effect.B.To support the government.C.To back the plastic industry up.D.To promote Malawi9s economy.7.Which of the following best describes Maj

26、iga-Kamoto?A.Humble.B.Generous.C.Patient.D.Committed.CHoneybees understand that“nothing“can be“something“that has numerical meaning,showing that they have a primitive grasp of the concept of zero,according to a newly-publishedstudy in Science.Previous experiments have shown that honeybees have some

27、facility for numbers,becausethey were able to count landmarks（地 标）as they searched around for a sweet reward.But in thesetests,the insects couldnt count very high-only to about four.Still,that made researchers inAustralia and France want to explore what else the bees could do with numbers.Scarlett H

28、oward at RMIT University in Melbourne attracted bees to a wall where they werepresented with two square cards.Each card had a different number of black symbols,such as dotsor triangles.Howard trained one group of bees to understand that sugar water would always belocated under the card with the leas

29、t number of symbols.tThey could come and see two circlesversus（与.相 对）three circles,or four triangles versus one triangle,“she explains.The beesquickly learned to fly to the card with the fewest symbols,But then they got another test,The researchers presented the bees with a card that had asingle sym

30、bol and a blank card that had nothing on it.The bees seemed to understand ihal zero”was less than one,because they flew toward the blank card more often than youd expect if theywere choosing at random.4When we showed them zero-versus six,they did that at a much higherlevel than zero versus one,Howar

31、d says.So what tells us is that they consider zero as an actual试 卷 第 6 页，共 14页quantity along the number line.Aurore Avargues-Weber,a researcher with the University of Toulouse,points out even veryyoung children have trouble understanding that zero is a number.Its easy for them to count 4one,two,thre

32、e,four/but zero,its not something to count,“she explains.Whats more,the brains ofbees are incredibly tiny brains compared with the brains of humans.Even so,the bees canunderstand the abstract concept of an empty set and she says she found that very surprising.8.What did the earlier studies find abou

33、t bees?A.They could fly higher than expected.B.They could understand some numbers.C.They could remember a reward well.D.They could explore local landmarks.9.What did bees learn to do in Howards first test?A.Distinguish circles from triangles.B.Draw various symbols on the cards.C.Identify the smaller

34、 of the two numbers.D.Locate sugar water with symbol shapes.10.Why did bees fly to the blank card more frequently?A.They were told the location of the reward.B.They chose to do it thoroughly by chance.C.They preferred the card with nothing on it.D.They thought of zero as an actual number.11.Why are

35、young children mentioned in the last paragraph?A.To argue that bees have a surprising memory.B.To show that bees gift fbr numbers is amazing.C.To explain that bees learn as well as young children.D.To confirm that bees are smarter than young children.DTransport is undergoing a massive transformation

36、 so it can meet societys demands fbr a low-carbon economy.Introducing electric vehicles(EV)and declining gasoline use are helping,butzero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition（转 变）and long-term decarbonization oftransport.In the US,transportation produces the largest share of all greenhou

37、se gas emissions（排 放）inthe economy at 29%,according to the Environmental Protection Agency.More than 90%oftransport fuel is petrol based,but if more vehicles used hydrogen,emissions of this kind wouldplummet.However,hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel forca

38、rs because it is harder to store safely.And while fuel cell electric vehicles（FCEVs）that turnhydrogen into electricity can compete with EV perfbrmance-and even out-compete them on rangeand refill time,extra energy is needed to produce the hydrogen needed for fuel.Also,findinginvestment for storage,p

39、ipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.Currently,governments worldwide are backing green hydrogen projects to reduce greenhousegas emissions in heavy industries like freight（货 运），steel,and energy storage.But hydrogentransport will need rapid production methods to create the

40、 fuel needed for the worlds road fleet.Thankfully,research is advancing all the time.Nanoscale（纳 米 级 的）thin films are appliedto improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater.The sametechnology has been successfully used in solar power devices with higher efficiency-to-

41、cost rates.Since hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and as seawater makes up about 96%of all water on Earth,there is a virtually limitless supply.Even wastewater and solid waste can create green hydrogen.Researchers at PrincetonUniversity are using sunlight to separate hydrogen fr

42、om industrial wastewater.Chemical plantsthat currently face high costs for cleaning wastewater could transform it into clean hydrogensupplies.12.What does the underlined word“plummet“mean in Paragraph 2?A.Stop.B.Decrease.C.Continue.D.Disappear.13.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Ways of storing hy

43、drogen safely.B.Benefits of fuel cell electric vehicles.C.Challenges of using hydrogen as car fuel.D.Differences between gasoline and hydrogen.试 卷 第 8 页，共 14页14.What makes it more efficient to get hydrogen from the ocean?A.The application of solar power devices.B.The method of identifying water elem

44、ents.C.The invention,of the water transport system.D.The use of the nanoscale thin-film technology.15.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A.Clean Energy Hydrogen Ready to Take OffB.Traditional Fuels Bound to Reach a Dead EndC.How We Can Generate Energy from HydrogenD.What the

45、 Future of Transportation May Be Like第 二 节（共 5 小 题;每 小 题 2.5分，满 分 12.5分）阅 读 下 面 短 文，从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项。选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项。When your child begins to beg for a pet,you may draw back at the thought of the additionalresponsibilities.Parents usually think of all the work and res

46、ponsibility having a pet could bringabout.16 Teach responsibility.A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their newfriend happy and heal thy.17 Give your child a sense of responsibility by having themhelp meet these needs,whether they feel like it that day or not

47、.Encourage exercise.If youve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat,you know how tiring it canbe!18 By encouraging your child to play with his or her pet,both of them will get theexercise they need to sleep soundly and live healthy and happy lives.19Teaching your child how to play nice

48、with and show affection to another living being is anessential first step toward developing lifelong empathy（共 情）for others.Learning how to be agood friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.Be practical.While the benefits of pet ownership are clear,pe

49、ts are definitely not for everybody.Raisingpets requires a large amount of work and responsibility.Youd better make sure the whole familyis aware of the requirement that come along with the pet.20 Its best to introduce thepotential pet to your child before bringing him or her home to ensure that the

50、re is a healthyconnection.A.Treat others well.B.Form a close bond with a friend.C.Pets are great for helping break the ice”.D.But you can use the pefs energy to your advantage.E.Also,some pets can be very aggressive with children.F.All pets need to be fed,given fresh water,and exercised regularly.G.