湖南省郴州市苏仙区多校2022-2023学年高二上学期期末线上联考英语试卷(含解析).pdf
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1、2022-2023学 年 苏 仙 区 上 学 期 多 校 线 上 期 末 联 考 高 二 英 语 一、选 择 题(共 20题,每 小 题 2.5分,共 50分)第 一 部 分 听 力(共 两 节,满 分 30分)略 第 二 部 分 阅 读(共 两 节,满 分 50分)第 一 节(共 15小 题;每 小 题 2.5分,满 分 37.5分)阅 读 下 列 短 文,从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。ARecent development has made possible machines that print,cook,and serve food
2、s on a massscale.And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer,a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces fordecoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can do that it takes years of experience,but aprinter makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a
3、 Foodini to re-create fbnns and pieces of foodthat arc“exactly the same,“freeing cooks to complete other tasks.In another restaurant,all of thedishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.Sustainability(可 持 续 性)The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 205
4、0,and some analysts estimatethat food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.Sustainability isbecoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.Some expertsbelieve printers could use hydrocolloids(水 解 胶 体)from plentiful renewables lik
5、e algae(藻 类)andgrass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹 饪 原 料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.Grocery stores of the future might stock 4tfood that lasts years on end,freeing up shelf space andreducing transportation and storage requirements.NutritionFuture 3D food printers could ma
6、ke processed food healthier.Hod Lipson,a professor atColumbia University,said,“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customizednutritional content,like vitamins.So instead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from thesupermarket,youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”Chal
7、lengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing,the industry has many challenges toovercome.Currently,most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊 状 物)before a printer can usethem,and the printing process is quite time-consuming,because ingredients interact with each otherin very complex ways
8、.On top of that,most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dryingredients,because meat and milk products may easily go bad.Some experts are skeptical about3D food printers,believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-endrestaurants.1.What benefit does 3D pri
9、nting bring to food production?A.Il helps cooks to create new dishes.B.It saves time and effort in cooking.C.It improves the cooking conditions.D.It contributes to restaurant decorations.2.What can we leam about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?A.It solves food shortages easily.B.It quickens the t
10、ransportation of food.C.It needs no space for the storage of food.D.Il uses renewable materials as sources of food.3.According to Paragraph 4,3D-printed f o o d.A.is more available to consumersB.can meet individual nutritional needsC.is more tasty than food in supermarketsD.can keep all the nutritio
11、n in raw materials【答 案】l.B 2.D 3.B【1题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 Food production 部 分 下 的“With a 3D printer,a cook can print complicatedchocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can dothat it takes years of experience,but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in S
12、pain uses aFoodini to“re-create forms and pieces of food that are“exactly the same J freeing cooks tocomplete olher tasks.(通 过 3 D 打 印 机,厨 师 可 以 打 印 出 复 杂 的 巧 克 力 雕 塑 和 漂 亮 的 蛋 糕 装 饰 品。不 是 每 个 人 都 能 做 到 这 一 点 这 需 要 多 年 的 经 验,但 打 印 机 可 以 让 它 变 得 简 单。西 班 牙 的 一 家 餐 厅 使 用 Foodini来“重 新 创 造”“完 全 相 同”的 食 物
13、 形 式 和 片 段,让 厨 师 们 有 时 间 完 成 其 他 任 务。户 可 推 断 出,3 D打 印 技 术 能 节 省 厨 师 烹 饪 的 时 间 和 精 力,故 选 B。【2 题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 三 段 中“Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水 解 胶 体)from plentiful renewables like algae(藻 类)and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹 饪 原 料).(一 些 专 家 认 为,打 印 机 可
14、以 使 用 来 自 大 量 可 再 生 能 源,如 藻 类 和 草 类 的 亲 水 胶 体 来 取 代 人 们 熟 悉 的 成 分。)可 知,3 D食 品 打 印 使 用 可 再 生 材 料 作 为 食 物 来 源。故 选 D。【3 题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 四 段 中“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customizednutritional content,like vitamins.(食 品 打 印 可 以 让 消 费 者 打 印 出 定 制 营 养 成 分 的 食 品,如 维 生 素。”广
15、可 知,3D食 品 打 印 能 满 足 个 人 的 营 养 需 求,故 选 B。BWhen Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago,she was suiprised to come acrossa market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry(象 牙 饰 品)and statues.Globally,ivory tradehas been illegal for more than 30 years,and elephant hunting has been pro
16、hibited in India since the1970s.“I was quite shocked,the 17-year-old from New York,recalls,Because poaching(偷 猎)isillegal,how come it is still such a big issue?”Curious,Puri did some research and discovered a shocking statistic:Africas forest elephantpopulation had declined by about 62 percent betwe
17、en 2002 and 2011.Years later,the numberscontinued to drop.Puri,a wildlife lover,wanted to do something to help protect the species andothers still threatened by poaching.Over the course of two years,Puri created ElSa,a low-cost product of a machinelearning-driven software that analyzes movement patt
18、erns in thermal infrared(热 红 夕 卜)videos ofhumans and elephants.Puri says the software is four times more accurate than existingstate-of-the-art detection methods.It also eliminates the need for expensive high-definition thermalcameras,which can cost thousands,she says.ElSa uses a$250 FLIR ONE Pro th
19、ermal camera with206*156 resolution that plugs into an off-the-shelf iPhone 6.The camera and iPhone are thenattached to a drone(无 人 机),and the system produces real-time inferences as it flies over parks asto whether objects below are humans or elephants.Its potential impact on society earned her the
20、 Peggy Scripps Award for ScienceCommunication.Research isnt a straight line,Puri says.It makes me resourceful.It helps medevelop into a more creative thinker.4.What inspired Anika Puri to make the invention?A.One study trip to Bombay.visit in India.D.Her love for ivory.B.The deep passion for law.C.O
21、ne5.How does the author explain the situation of Africas forest elephant?A.By listing figures.C.By showing an example.6.Whats the research like in Anika Puris eyes?A.Its tough and cant reach the goal.C.It really requires a variety of resources.because of the need.7.What may be the best title of the
22、text?A.Poaching Is a Shocking ProblemB.Drones Were Applied to the Ban on PoachingB.By making comparison.D.By refemng to some former studies.B.Its beneficial to ones development.D.It should be further developedC.A Fantastic Discovery Was Eventually Made by a Brilliant TeenagerD.A Teenager Invented a
23、Low-Cost Tool to Spot Elephant Poachers in Real Time【答 案】4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D【4 题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 一 段 中“When Anika Puri visited India with her family four years ago,shewas surprised to come across a market in Bombay filled with rows of ivory jewelry(象 牙 饰 品)andstatues.Globally,ivory trade has been il
24、legal fbr more than 30 years,and elephant hunting has beenprohibited in India since the 1970s.(四 年 前,当 Anika Puri和 家 人 一 起 访 问 印 度 时,她 惊 讶 地 发 现 孟 买 的 一 个 市 场 里 摆 满 了 成 排 的 象 牙 珠 宝 和 雕 像。在 全 球 范 围 内,象 牙 贸 易 3 0多 年 来 一 直 是 非 法 的,自 2 0世 纪 7 0年 代 以 来,印 度 就 禁 止 猎 杀 大 象。)”以 及 第 三 段 中“Puri,awildlifelover,
25、wanted to do something to help protect the species and others still threatened bypoaching.(AnikaPuri是 一 名 野 生 动 物 爱 好 者,她 想 做 点 什 么 来 帮 助 保 护 这 些 物 种 和 其 他 仍 然受 到 偷 猎 威 胁 的 物 种。)“可 知,当 AnikaPuri和 家 人 一 起 访 问 印 度 时,发 现 了 市 场 里 摆 满 了 成 排 的 象 牙 珠 宝 和 雕 像,由 此 激 发 了 她 要 做 点 什 么 来 保 护 大 象。故 选 C。【5 题 详 解】推
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