高考英语一轮语法讲义：状语从句精讲.pdf

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1、高考英语一轮语法讲义：状语从句精讲01状语和状语从句形容词和副词能够充当的成分 形容词：放在系动词后面作表语；放在名词前作定语 副 词：a.修饰实义动词：He cried sadly.b.修饰形容词：He looks especially sad.c.修饰副词：He cried rather sadly.d.修饰整个句子：Actually,he cries.*无论放在哪都作状语什么是状语状语就是在一个句子当中，用来修饰实义动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分。简单来说状语在一句话当中除了名词不能修饰，其它什么成分都可以修饰。状语的成分1.Adv.（副词）：She cried sadly.2.介词

2、短语：She cried like a boy.3.非谓语动词:She cried,sitting there.4,从 句：She cried when she sat there.状语的位置随便放（句首、句中、句末都可）02时间状语从句常用引导词 when=while=as（当while翻 译 成 当 的时候”的时候后面要用进行时态）before,after since自 从（只 要 一 句 话 有 自 从 ，主句一定是完成时态）I have fallen in love since I met you.The moment=as soon as by the time至I为止 until/

3、not until 直至才状语从句的时态问题例：当爱来临时，我要牵住他的手。When love comes,I will hold her hands.在所有状语从句中，如果主句动作和从句动作都尚未发生的话，主句用一般将来式，从句用一般现在式。例：当爱来临的时候，我没牵住她的手。When love came,I failed to hold her hands.但动作都过去了，该写什么时态就写什么时态。区另4 until 和not until I will wait until you come.I will not leave until you come.区别：看主句的谓语动词是联系动词还

4、是瞬间动词，如果是个延续性 动 词，就用u n til,如果是 个瞬间动词，就用not until.直 到我长大，我才意识到母亲的伟大。I didn t realize the greatness of mothers until I grew up.when引导的时间状语从句省略的情况When I was a child,I enjoyed singing songs.when引导的时间状语从句，如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语中有be动 词，此时从句的主语和be动词可以同时省 略。03地点状语从句(a)常 用 引 导 词：where这 种树在潮湿的地方长得很好。This ki

5、nd of trees grows well in moist places=where it s moist).作地点状语的通常都是介词短语，很 少 是 从 句。04原因状语从句(a)弓I 导 司：because,as,since,in that,seeing that,considering that,now that,given that(b)for连词(c)because of/due to/owing to/thanks to/for the sake of/as aresult of+n./doing因为他粗心，他出了场事故。He had a car accident becaus

6、e he was careless.He had a car accident for he was careless.He had a car accident because of his carelessness.0 4 目的状语从句(a)弓 I 导 力 司：so that/in order that(b)to/in order to/so as to+动词原形(动词不定式，不是引导词)为了看得更远，我们爬得更高。We will ascend higher in order to overlook farther,(further)farther是实际距离远,further是抽象距离远(

7、比如程度上)。In order that we overlook farther,we climb higher.0 5 结果状语从句(a)引导词：so that/such that(so的后面跟的是形容词或副词，而such后面跟的是名词)今天是如此的热以至于我都穿上裙子了。It feels so hot today that I wear my dress.我妈妈很善良，她被所有员工尊重。My mother proves so kind that she is respected by all her staff.用so that句型替换v e ry,作文中只要见到形容词或副词的地方,都可以

8、写成so that句型0 6让步状语从句(a)弓I 导 司：although/though/even though/even if;as;while(b)While的特殊用法：翻 译 成“虽然尽管”的意思时只能放在句首,不能放在句尾(c)A s的部分倒装：a s引导的让步状语从句，从句的表语可以放在句首，构成部分倒装。As I seem ugly,but I keep gentle.=Ugly as I seem,I keep gentle.不能用b u t:因为从句和句子不能并列而“but”是连词however(副词)也不行，虽然语法上没有问题，但是意思上语义重复了。虽然这个图表看上去简单，

9、它却向我们传达了一个深刻的观点国人越来越支持国货。Simple as the chat looks,the outlook behind proves for reaching-national products become increasingly popular with Chinesecustomers.养宠物可以培养孩子的爱心，尽管它们可能会对家人和邻居造成伤害。Raising pets can cultivate the loving heart of kids although theymight be injurious to their families or neighbo

10、urs.0 7方式状语从句(a)引导词：as/the way/as if/though 好像，似乎(b)by/tough/by means of/in way/in manner介词短语作状语 She looks as if she were made of ice.虚拟语气 She talks with me as if she were my mother.0 8条件状语从句(a)弓 I 导 i司:suppose that;supposing that;if;unless=if not;provided that(b)as long as/so long as只 要有一丝希望，我也不会放弃。If there seems a ghost of hope,I will never give up.0 9 比较状语从句(a)引导词：as as/比 较 结 构(than)You are as beautiful as I am beautiful.之所以不是“as beautiful as me”而 是“I”是因为原句中重复的be动词和beautiful被省略了。You are more beautiful than I.