2022届湖北省新高考信息卷（四）英语试题听力.docx

《2022届湖北省新高考信息卷（四）英语试题听力.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022届湖北省新高考信息卷（四）英语试题听力.docx（24页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2022年湖北省新高考信息卷（四）英语本试卷共12页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题

2、，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the mans attitude towards the news?A. Agreeable.B. Unconcerned.C. Objecting.【答案】A【解析】【原文】 W: I heard that a new factory is going to be built here.M: Yes. If a new factory is built here, more people will

3、move to our town. This would help local shops and restaurants because there would be more customers.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When is the deadline for the man to hand in the report?A. Wednesday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.【答案】C【解【原文】W: Will you be able to come to the party on Wednesday?【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“over

4、60 of them were mentioned at a meeting of the Ecological Society of America not long ago（在不久前的美国生态学会的一次会议上提到了其中的60多个）”可知，这句话说的是现在这种项 目的数量比以前任何时候都多，故burgeon意为“激增；快速发展，即increasing rapidly,故选B。 【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的 “So, can citizen science be considered truly reliable? In a study, a scientist asked volu

5、nteers to identify types of crabs along the Atlantic coast of the US. He found that almost all adult volunteers could perform the task and even third graders in elementary school had an 80% success rate.（那么,公民科学真的 可靠吗？在一项研究中。一位科学家让志愿者们在美国大西洋沿岸辨别螃蟹的种类。他发现，几乎所有成 年志愿者都能完成这项任务，甚至小学三年级学生的成功率也达到了 80%。）”可知

6、，提到80%正确率的 目的就是为证明公民科学项目的可靠性。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的 “The best citizen science projects are win-win situations. On the one hand, the scientific community gains access to far more data than they would otherwise have while spending less money. On the other hand, citizen science gets people out

7、 into the natural world and involved in scientific processes. Additionally, when people take part in a well- designed study that includes training to use equipment, collect data, and share their findings, they have the satisfaction of learning about new ideas and technologies.（M 好的公民科学项目是双赢的。一方面，科学界

8、可以用更少的钱获得比以往多得多的数据。另一方面，公民 科学让人们走出自然世界，参与科学过程。止匕外，当人们参加一个精心设计的研究，包括使用设备的培训I, 收集数据，并分享他们的发现，他们有学习新的想法和技术的满足感。）”可知，整篇文章介绍了公民科学 项目的实用性和优点，即 Citizen science is practical and beneficial,故选 BoCWood from a tree that has just been cut down will shrink （攵缩）considerably over time. This shrinkage is caused by

9、water within the wood escaping into the atmosphere. The drying process of wood is known as “seasoning”. There are actually two ways to season wood. One way is to allow the natural drying process to occur. The other is to put it in a special oven called a kiln.During the seasoning process, water is r

10、emoved from the wood until the water content of the wood is approximately equal to the moisture （湿度）of the air around it. These changes in size due to shrinkage are not uniform. They depend on the kinds of trees, the way trees are cut, and the surrounding conditions.Even after seasoning, there will

11、always be some small changes in size due to changes in the moisture of the suirounding air. For example, last year I used a 230 mm wide piece of eastern white pine wood to make a door. It changed in width across the grain （花纹）,shrinking by 2 mm from the original in the winter and expanding by 3 mm f

12、rom the original in the summer.The water content of wood changes according to the seasons even when it is kept indoors. Wood is often painted to prevent sharp changes in moisture content, which cause expansion and shrinkage. However, no paint can completely block the passage of moisture. It only act

13、s to slow down the transfer of water to or from the wood. The moisture content of unpainted wood inside a house may change according to the seasons from 4% to about 14%, while the moisture content of a painted piece of kiln- dried wood in the same house will only vary around the 8% line. Wood that h

14、as been naturally dried to around 13% moisture content and then painted will continue to dry gradually until it reaches about the same percentage of moisture as painted kiln-dried wood.28. What does the underlined word “unifbnrT mean in Paragraph 2?A. Identical.B. Visible.C. Measurable.D. Concrete.2

15、9. How much does the width of the door differ between in the winter and summer?A. 1 mm.B. 2 mm.C. 3 mm.D. 5 mm.30. What can we learn from this passage?A. Wood can be seasoned“ by painting it.B. Kiln-dried wood does not later change size.C. The moisture content of wood changes outdoors.D. Painted woo

16、d stays away from expansion and shrinkage.31. What does the data indicate in the last paragraph?A. The changes of water content in wood varies.B. Painted wood is free from shrinkage.C. Painting wood is not an effective way.D. Water transfers more slowly in painted wood.【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A【解析

17、】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同情况下木头中水分含量的变化。【28题详解】词句猜测题。文章第二段提到 “They depend on the kinds of trees, the way trees are cut, and the surrounding conditions.（它们取决于树木的种类、砍伐树木的方式以及周围的环境条件产“they”指代上文的“these changes in size（这些尺寸的变化）”，由此可知，尺寸的变化取决于树的种类、砍树的方式和周围环境，因此 尺寸的变化是不一样的。uniform意为“一样的，即identical,故选A。【29题详解】细节理解

18、题。由文章第三段中的 “It changed in width across the grain （花纹）,shrinking by 2 mm from theoriginal in the winter and expanding by 3 mm from the original in the summer.（它在整个纹理的宽度上发生了变 化，在冬天比原来收缩了 2毫米，在夏天比原来扩大了 3毫米）”可知，相对原尺寸，门的宽度在冬天时收 缩2毫米，在夏天时扩大3毫米，因此门在冬天和夏天的宽度差距是2+3=5毫米。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的 “The water con

19、tent of wood changes according to the seasons even when it iskept indoors.（即使放在室内，木材的含水量也会随着季节的变化而变化）”可推知，在户外，木头的水分含 量是会变化的。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的 “The moisture content of unpainted wood inside a house may change according to the seasons from 4% to about 14%, while the moisture content of a painte

20、d piece of kiln- dried wood in the same house will only vary around the 8% line.（房屋内未粉刷木材的含水率随季节变化，从4%到14%左右，而同一 房屋内一幅漆过的窑干木材的含水率仅在8%左右）”可知，在同一个房间内，刷漆和未刷漆的木头的水分 变化幅度是不一样的。故选A。DA new study suggested that some grandmothers may hold a deeper bond with their grandchildren than their own children. James

21、Riling of Emory University in Atlanta published the study in The Royal Society last week. His team surveyed 50 grandmothers with at least one biological grandchild between three and twelve years old. They also measured the brain function as the participants viewed pictures of their grandchild, an un

22、known child, the same sex parent of the grandchild and an unknown adult.Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and movement. In contrast, the study also found that when grandmothers viewed images of their adult chi

23、ld, they showed stronger activation in an area of the brain associated with cognitive empathy （认矢口同理心）. That indicates they may be trying to cognitively understand what their adult child is thinking or feeling, but not as much from the emotional side.Compared with results from an earlier study by th

24、e Rilling lab of fathers viewing photos of their Children, results showed that grandmothers activated more parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and motivation. That suggests that grandmothers are intended to feel what their grandchildren are feeling when they interact with them.“In man

25、y societies, grandmothers are important caregivers, and their investment is often associated with improved grandchild well-being9 the studys authors wrote. It part of the reason why the US celebrates Grandparents9 Day each year on the first Sunday after Labor Day in September. Former President Jimmy

26、 Carter signed the proclamation （公告）in 1978. Because they are usually free to love and guide and befriend the young without having to take the daily responsibility for them, they can reach out past pride and fear of failure and close the space between generations J the proclamation read.32. What can

27、 be infeiTed about the study?A. 200 childrens pictures are used.B. Young couples could be surveyed.C. The participants9 brains are monitored.D. Biological childs picture is sure to be viewed.33. What might be grandparents doing if their grandchild is smiling?A. Feeling the childs joy.B. Feeling the

28、childs distress.C. Trying to show activation.D. Trying to understand why.34. Why does the author mention an earlier study in Paragraph 3?A. To give a proof.B. To explain a rule.C. To clarify a concept.D. To introduce a theory.35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning grandparents

29、?A. Their received honor.B. Their disadvantages.C. Their responsibility.D. Their contribution.【答案】32. C 33. A 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究的结果：祖母和孙辈之间的情感更加深厚。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 “They also measured the brain function as the participants viewed pictures of their grandchild, an unknown child, t

30、he same sex parent of the grandchild and an unknown adult.（他们还测量了 参与者 在观看她们的孙辈、一个不认识的孩子、孙辈的同性父母和一个不认识的成年人的照片时的大脑功能）”可 知，他们还会测量参与者的大脑功能，由此可推知参与者的大脑被监测。故选C项。【33题详解】推理判断题 o 根据第二段 “ Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empat

31、hy and movement.（研究人员发现，祖母观看孙辈的照片激活了大脑中涉及 情感移情和运动的部分）”可知，祖母观看孙辈的照片时会激活她们大脑中有关情感同理心的部分，也就是说她们和孙辈会有情感上的共鸣，由此可知，当她们看到孙辈在笑时，她们能体会到孩子的快乐。故选A 项。【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段 u Researchers found that grandmothers viewing grandchild pictures activated parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and movement.（研

32、究人员发现，祖母观看孙辈的照片激活了大脑中涉及 情感移情和运动的部分）”以及第三段 “Compared with results from an earlier study by the Rilling lab of fathers viewing photos of their Children, results showed that grandmothers activated more parts of the brain that involved emotional empathy and motivation. That suggests that grandmothers ar

33、e intended to feel what their grandchildren are feeling when they interact with them.（与瑞林实验室早些时候对父亲观看孩子照片的研究结果相比，结果 显示祖母激活了大脑中更多涉及情感移情和动机的部分。这意味着祖母们想要感受到她们的孙辈与她们互 动时的感受）”可知，祖母们看到孙辈的照片时，会激活大脑中的情感同理心部分，作者提到先前的研究是 为了证明这一观点。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后段 “In many societies, grandmothers are important caregiver

34、s, and their investment is often associated with improved grandchild well-being,（在许多社会中，祖母是重要的照顾者，她们的付出往往与改善孙辈的福祉有关）”可知，本段主要讲述祖父母所做出的贡献。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In modern society, dance is widely recognized as a form of entertainment. Many people enjoy d

35、ancing for fun or watching their favorite artists dance on stage or screen. It can also be a form of sport. 36 In addition to these obvious functions, however, there are other more complex roles dance can play in a society.37 A kind of dance called the minuet is a good example. The minuet （小步舞）origi

36、nated in France and became popular in Britain, where upper-class women about to make their entrance into adult society by attending their first dance were strictly trained for their first minuet. They usually danced it before a crowd of people who would critically observe their movements and behavio

37、r.Dance has also been used to make sure that adults follow the rules. An example comes from a research conducted in the mid- 1900s on dances performed after hunts by the Mbuti Pygmies, a group living in parts of Central Africa. 38 For example, an opportunity to catch an animal was missed because som

38、eone neglected to perform their role of hitting the ground to drive the animal towards the hunters. Later, a dancer would act out the event to show the wrong action and perhaps embarrass that person.In some cultures, dance can be a way of displaying power. For instance, there is another report from

39、the mid-1900s describing how the Maring people of New Guinea would hold dances to show their military strength. Through the dances, a groups size and strength would become obvious to potential opponents. 39The roles of dance discussed here have one shared effect. 40Dance is not just an artistic expr

40、essionbut a way for groups to strengthen their shared identity.A. This could help avoid a fight.B. They unite members of a group.C. The roots can be traced to the late 1700s.D. There are dance competitions of various types.E. Suppose something had gone wrong in the hunt.F. They acted out scenes and

41、displayed their own traditions.G. Sometimes dance serves to help teach social rules to young members.【答案】36.D37. G 38. E 39. A 40. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了舞蹈的功能和作用。【36题详解】由该空后面提到的“In addition to these obvious functions（除了这些明显的功能）”可知，前面在讲舞蹈常见 的功能；该空前又提到“dance is widely recognized as a form of entertai

42、nment（舞蹈被广泛认为是一种娱乐形 式）”和“It can also be a form of sport （它也可以是一种体育运动。）”，由该空前后的内容可知，该空应该讲 的是舞蹈类似娱乐和运动的另一个功能用于比赛，D选项“There are dance competitions of varioustypes.（这里有各种各样的舞蹈比赛。）”说明了舞蹈用于比赛的功能，因此符合语境，故选D。【37题详解】从结构来看，该空是本段的主旨句，由空后的“ A kind of dance called the minuet is a good example. The minuet （小步舞）or

43、iginated in France and became popular in Britain, where upper-class women about to make their entrance into adult society by attending their first dance were strictly trained for their first minuet.（小步舞曲就是 一个很好的例子。小步舞曲起源于法国，后来在英国流行起来。在英国，上层社会的女性如果要参加她们 的第一次舞会，就必须接受严格的小步舞曲训练。）”可知，本段主要讲的是舞蹈的作用之一就是教年轻人

44、 社会规则，G 选项 “Sometimes dance serves to help teach social rules to young members4有时舞蹈有助于向年 轻成员传授社会规则。）”概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选G。【38题详解】该空后一句 For example, an opportunity to catch an animal was missed because someone neglected to perform their role of hitting the ground to drive the animal towards the hunters

45、.（例如,一个抓住动物的机会被错过了， 因为有人忽略了履行他们的角色，敲击地面将动物驱赶向猎人。）”举例说明由于某个人的失误致使大家错 失捕捉猎物的机会。由此可知，该空是对这个例子的总括，所以E项“Suppose something had gone wrong in the hunt.（要是打猎时出了什么岔子。）”放在此处合适，“hunt”和空后的“catch an animal”相呼应,因此 E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。【39题详解】由该空前的“Through the dances, a groups size and strength would become obvious to

46、 potential opponents.（通过 舞蹈，一个群体的规模和力量会对潜在的对手很明显。）”可知，通过舞蹈让潜在的敌人感知团队的规模和 力量，这样可以避免冲突。选项A “This could help avoid a Eght.（这有助于避免打架。）”中的“fight”与前 文的“potential opponents”相呼应，说明了这可以避免冲突，因此A选项承接上文，符合语境，故选A。【40题详解】该空前提到“The roles of dance discussed here have one shared effect.（这里讨论的舞蹈的作用有一个共同的效 果。）”，该空则是在说

47、明这个作用具体是什么，B选项“They unite members of a group.（它们使一个群体的 成员团结起来。）”说明了这个作用，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I once spent my summers as a camp assistant. Of my camp 41. there is one summer that stands outfrom the rest.It was the first day o

48、f the camp. I noticed a small boy 42 alone under a tree. He seemed to want to be anywhere 43 where he was. I knew it was my 44 to talk with him even though I felt it would not be 45I walked up to him and said. Hi my name is Kevin, one of the46 , Do you want to join the activitiesand meet some new ki

49、ds?” He replied 47 . Im Tommy. Tm just fine here. I somehow knew it would not be right to 48 him to join the other campers. 49、I sat down and talked with him for a while.Tommy became my special 50. I always helped him 5the camp activities, andslowly he opened up. In no 52 the camp was over. As the campers 53 at a farewell （告另U）party,