山西省太原市第五中学2021届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题.docx

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1、山西省太原市第五中学2021届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题学校:姓名：班级:考号：一、阅读理解Youre lost in the woods, in the sea or on the mountain. You have your smart phone with you. At this time, dont worry as you can use the following apps on your phone to get help.Boot Print SurvivalThe Boot Print Survival app can keep track of the last

2、place where you had a cell phone signal. If and when you find yourself lost and without a cell phone signal, just open up Boot Print Survival, which tells you the direction and distance to the last place where you had a signal. Then its simply a matter of finding your way back.Wild Edibles“Wildman“

3、Steve Brill is an experienced explorer and naturalist who poured his knowledge of wild foods into this handy app. Though humans can go weeks without eating, our bodies work much better with a little food in our stomachs. Out in the wild it can be just as dangerous to eat the wrong thing as to eat no

4、thing, and the Wild Edibles app provides detailed descriptions and pictures of each plant as well as food preparation instructions.Army SurvivalYou cant have too much good information when it comes to saving your life. The Army Survival guide app draws information from a survival guide written by th

5、e U.S. Army and covers water, dangerous animals to avoid, and how to find and prepare food. This app has topics like cold weather survival and how to get by in the desert.SAS Survival GuideIf youve gotten to this point, it probably means youre considering spending at least a night out in nature. The

6、 SAS Survival Guide was born as a book written by John Wiseman, a former SAS (British Special Air Service) soldier and instructor. The 400-page book has been translated to both iPhone and Android apps and is full of information on first aid, shelter-building, eating, drinking, and tips to guide you

7、through places like forests, deserts, the sea coast and cold weather environments.1. How can Boot Print Survival help you out?A. By helping find your best route forward.B. By providing a cell phone signal for you.C. By recording the places you have been to.D. By guiding you to a place with a cell ph

8、one signal.参考答案1. C2. A3. D【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几款在野外迷路时可以使用的手机应用程序。细节理解题。根据“Boot Print Survival”部分第一句The Boot Print Survival app can keep track of the last place where you had a cell phone signal.”（Boot Print Survival应用程序可以追踪你最后一次有手机信号的地方。）和 第二句If and when you find yourself lost and without a cell phon

9、e signal, just open up Boot Print Survival, which tells you the direction and distance to the last place where you had a signal.”（如果你发现自己迷路了，没有手机信 号，JTFF Boot Print Survival,它会告诉你到最后一个有信号的地方的方向和距离。）可知，Boot Print Survival 通过记录你去过的地方来帮助你。故选C。细节理解题。根据“Wild Edibles”部分第一句Wildman Steve Brill is an experie

10、nced explorer and naturalist who poured his knowledge of wild foods into this handy叩p. （“野人”史蒂夫布里尔是一位经验丰富的探险家 和博物学家，他把自己关于野生食物的知识倾注到这个方便的应用程序中。PArmy Survival”部分第二句 “The Army Survival guide app draws information from a survival guide written by the U.S. Army and covers water, dangerous animals to avo

11、id, and how to find and prepare food.”（陆军生存指南应用程序从美国陆军编写的生存 指南中提取信息，包括水、避免危险动物，以及如何寻找和准备食物。）可知，“Wild Edibles”和“Army Survival 的共同之处是它们有关于食物的信息。故选A。细节理解题。根据“SAS Survival Guide”部分第一句If youve gotten to this point, it probably means youre considering spending at least a night out in nature.”（如果你已经做到了这一点，

12、这可能意味着你正在考虑在大 自然中度过至少一个晚上。）和第三句The 400-page book has been translated to both iPhone and Android apps and is full of information on first aid, shelter-building, eating, drinking, and tips to guide you through places like forests, deserts, the sea coast and cold weather environments.（这本长达 400 页的书已被翻译成

13、 iPhone 和 Android应用程序，内容包括急救、搭建避难所、饮食以及在森林、沙漠、海岸和寒冷天气环境中指导你的 小贴土。）可知，如果你需要建一个晚上睡觉的地方，你可以求助于“SAS Survival Guide”应用程序。故选D。1. A2. D3. B4. C【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。运动员克里斯尼克的成绩是16小时46分9秒，他最近第一次完成了钢铁侠赛跑，虽 然不是最短的，但他做得很好，成为世界上第一个在钢铁侠比赛的历史上成功地冲过终点线的患有唐氏综 合症的选手。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句The race has served as a chance to become one

14、 step closer to his goal of living a normal life（这次比赛给了他一个机会，让他向过上正常生活的目标又迈进了一步。）第二段最后一句For his efforts, Nikic also earned himself a place in the Guinness Book of World Records.（由于他的努力,尼克也为自己 在吉尼斯世界纪录中赢得了一席之地。）可知，尼克在钢铁侠比赛中的表现证明了他的强大。故选A。词句猜测题。根据第三段第三句Its about being an example to other kids and fami

15、lies that face similar difficulties而是为其他面临类似困难的孩子和家庭做一个榜样。）可知，尼克的成功为为其他面临类似困难 的孩子和家庭提供了动力，努力过上正常人的生活。所以prompted意为“被鼓励”。故选D。推理判断题。根据倒第二段中的“One of Nikics biggest fans” （尼克最大的粉丝之一）和N。limits. No boundaries. Keep dreaming big and going for it!”（没有限制。没有边界。保持远大的梦想并为之奋斗！）可知， Billie Jean King写下这些话是为了鼓励尼克。故选B

16、。主旨大意题。结合全文内容，尤其是根据第二段第三句And then he ran a 26.2-mile marathon to become the first competitor with Downs Syndrome （唐氏综合征）in the world to successfully cross the finish line in the history of the Iron Man Race.（然后他跑了 26.2英里的马拉松成为世界上第一个在钢铁侠比赛的历史上成功地冲过终 点线的患有唐氏综合症的选手。）可知，文章主要是讲一个患有唐氏综合症的运动员创造了历史。故选C。4. B

17、5. C11. D【分析】这是一篇说明文。TAP into TV参观了美国仅存的铅笔工厂之一：田纳西州谢尔比维尔的马斯格雷夫铅笔公 司。他们与马斯格雷夫的亨利胡兰谈论了铅笔的制造过程、田纳西州中部铅笔制造的悠久历史以及铅笔在 数字时代的持久流行。细节理解题。根据第二段“Henry Hulan is the grandson of the founder of Musgrave Pencil Co., James Musgrave, who is commonly referred to as Colonel Musgrave. James Musgrave founded the compan

18、y in 1916.”（亨利胡兰 是马斯格雷夫铅笔公司创始人詹姆斯马斯格雷夫的孙子，他通常被称为“马斯格雷夫上校”。詹姆斯马斯格 雷夫于1916年创立了这家公司。）可知，马斯格雷夫铅笔公司于1916年创立，所以迄今有一百多年的历史。 故选B。主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句James developed an innovative way to make pencils: the pencil slat. ”（詹姆斯发 明了一种创新的制作铅笔的方法：铅笔板。）可知，第三段主要是讲马斯格雷夫铅笔公司生产铅笔的方法。 故选C。细节理解题。根据第四段第二句A lot of people dont kno

19、w it but we were probably one of the first people that did any kind of recycling”（很多人都不知道，但我们可能是最早进行回收的人之一），第三句Colonel Musgrave bought cedar rail fences （雪松栅栏）from farmers who were transitioning （转变）to fences made of modern materials（马斯格雷夫上校从农民那里购买了雪松围栏，他们正在向现代材料的围栏过渡。）和最后一句 “Those fences were made

20、of Tennessee Red Cedar, plentiful in the area, and were the perfect material for pencils（那些篱笆是用田纳西红雪松做的，这种杉在这个地区很多，是做铅笔的最佳材料。）可知，马斯格 雷夫铅笔公司利用回收篱笆生产铅笔。故选C。推理判断题。根据倒第二段第句和第二句As other pencil companies in Central Tennessee closed and business moved to other states or overseas, Musgrave has been able to

21、keep open, employing local workers and putting out a quality, American-made product. Through a combination of strategic management decisions, long-term employees and loyal customers, theyve been successful.”（当田纳西州中部的其他铅笔公司倒闭，业务转移到其他州或海 外时，马斯格雷夫却能够继续经营，雇佣当地工人，生产出高质量的美国制造产品。通过战略管理决策、 长期员工和忠诚客户的结合，他们取得

22、了成功。）可知，马斯格雷夫铅笔公司在竞争对手中脱颖而出。故选Do8. D9. B10. C11. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上的冰川正在融化。冰川融化的同时，冰块中也含有非常古老的病毒和细菌， 随着冰的融化，其中一些可能正在苏醒。细节理解题。根据第二段第四五句Experts think they can learn a lot from these ancient viruses. They hope to find out how viruses and bacteria survive and this may help future people as new viruses

23、turn up in the Earths changing climate.（。专家认为他们可以从这些古老的病毒中学到很多东西。他们希望找出病毒和细菌是如 何生存的，这可能会帮助未来的人类，因为新的病毒在地球变化的气候中出现广可知，科学家认为他们通过 对冰川中冰冻的细菌病毒的研究，可以为未来的人们有帮助。D项Studying them helps humans in the long run. 表示“从长远来看，研究它们有助于人类。”符合文章内容。故选D项。推理判断题。根据第三段前三句“In 2016, parts of Siberia saw a heat wave. The higher

24、 temperatures caused melting of soil that normally stays frozen year-round. As the ground warmed, bacteria escaped, which caused a sudden start of a serious disease in the area.（ 2016年，西伯利亚部分地区遭遇了热浪。更高的温度导致了通常 常年冰冻的土壤融化。随着地面变暖，细菌逃逸，导致该地区突然开始出现一种严重的疾病）“可知，是全球 变暖导致冰川融化，导致冰冻的病毒细菌复活引发疾病，结合第4-6句“In 2017,

25、 a teacher in Alaska came home from a trip with a skin infection. He visited his doctor. Thafs when he learned that the infection was caused by bacteria from melted sea animal bodies. The bacteria had been frozen with the animals for many years before infecting him.（ 2017年，阿拉斯加一名教师旅行回家时皮肤感染。他去看医生。就在

26、那时，他得知感染是由 融化的海洋动物体内的细菌引起的）”这位教师的经历正验证了上文说法，他是由融化的海洋动物体内的病毒 引发了皮肤病。由此可以推断，气候变化可以间接引发疾病。故选B项。细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句Instead, scientists worry that many viruses and bacteria will be lost as the ice melts, and so do the learning chances.（相反，科学家担心许多病毒和细菌会随着冰的融化而消失，学习的机 会也会随之消失。广其中so do the learning chances.相当于t

27、he learning chances will be lost too.科学家担心，研 究这些病毒的机会会失去。故选C项。主旨大意题。根据第一段“The worlds glaciers are melting. Each year, they become smaller in size as ice breaks off and floats away. These giant pieces of ice also hold very old viruses and bacteria and as the ice melts, some of them may be waking up.（

28、世界上的冰川正在融化。每年，它们的体积都会变小，因为冰块脱落并漂走了。冰 川融化的同时，冰块中也含有非常古老的病毒和细菌，随着冰的融化，其中一些可能正在苏醒）“，这是文章 的主题句，引出文章主题表示全球变暖，冰川内古老病毒和细菌会引发疾病，让人担忧。故选A项。12. F13. E14. G15. B16. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。科学家们发现，学习新事物的秘诀就是错误率达到15%。根据后文“Scientists have found that being wrong 15 percent of the time is the secret to learning new things.Alt

29、hough nobody likes to fail, scientists have long suspected that people learnt better when they were challenged to learn something just outside of their existing knowledge.” （科学家们发现，学习新事物的秘诀就是错误率达到 15%。虽然没有人愿意失败，但科学家们长期以来一直怀疑，当人们受到挑战去学习现有知识之外的东西时， 他们会学得更好。）可知，此处是讲科学家们发现失败并不是坏事情，所以选项一些研究表明，失败并不 是一件坏事。

30、”切合文意。故选F。根据后文“To find out where the sweet spot lies, researchers at the University of Arizona conducted a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as picking whether a number was 0dd （奇数的）or even （偶数的）（为了找出“最佳点”在哪里，亚利桑那大学的研究人员进行了一系列机器学习 实验，他们让计算机完成一些简

31、单的任务，比如选择一个数字是奇数还是偶数。）可知，此处是指“最佳点” 尚未可知，所以选项E“但这个，最佳点，一直是未知的。”切合文意。故选E。18.根据后文“The scientists have named it “The 85 percent rule and say it could help teachers adapt their classes to the right level.”（科学家将其命名为“85%规则”，并表示这可以帮助教师调整他们的课程以适应正确的水平。）可知，实验的结果是“85%规则”,对应选项G中的“15 percent”。根据前文“To find out wh

32、ere the sweet spot” lies, researchers at the University of Arizona conducted a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as picking whether a number was odd （奇数的）or even （偶数的）.”（为 了 找出“最佳 点”在哪里，亚利桑那大学的研究人员进行了一系列机器学习实验，他们让计算机完成一些简单的任务，比 如选择一个数字是奇数还是偶数。）可

33、知，这项研究的研究对象是计算机。所以选项G“他们发现错误率为 15%时，计算机学习速度最快。”切合文意。故选G。根据前文“if it is too easy, they will also not pick up anything useful”（如果太容易，他们也不会学到任何有用的 东西）可知，此处是讲如果太容易，就没有什么可以学习的东西，所以选项B“那就没什么好学的了。”对应 前文“If the teachers give really easy examples, you get 100 percent right all the time.”（如果老师给出非常简单的 例子，你总是百分之

34、百正确。）,切合文意。故选B。根据后文“You shouldnt be disappointed if you arent 100% right all the time.”（如果你不是 100%正确，你也不应 该失望。）和“珏 you are taking classes that are too easy, then you arent probably getting as much out of a class as someone who9s struggling but managing to keep up.”（如果你选的课程太简单了，那么你从课程中学到的东西可 能不如那些努力学

35、习但能跟上进度的人多。）可知，此处是讲要勇敢地接受挑战，所以选项A“勇敢地接受挑 战。”切合文意。故选A。19. A20. B21. D22. C23. B24. A25. C26. D27. A31. D32. B33. A34. C35. C36. D37. A38. B39. B40. D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲得了阿尔茨海默症，每次作者开车带她出去时，她都会频繁地检查包里有没 有报纸和手机。这让作者很烦躁。但是后来母亲再也没有拿起这个包。有一天作者在厨房的桌子上看到了 这个包，这让作者非常难过，希望能回到从前，回到母亲抱着那个旧包跟自己一起出门的时候。考查副词词义辨析。句意：

36、她总是坐在副驾驶座上，紧张地检查她的包。A.nervously紧张地；B.shyly害羞 地；C.carelessly 粗心地；D.impatiently 不耐烦地。根据She frequently went through the things in her bag to make sure it was still inside（她经常仔细检查她包里的东西，以确保它还在里面。河知，此处是指紧张地检查她 的包。故选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事是关于一个男孩去上学的。A.result结果；B.story故事；C.experience 经历；D.cause原因。根据“Something

37、about this story”（关于这个故事）可知，此处是指这个故事是关于一个男 孩去上学的。故选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：她总是告诉我她是如何和他一起上学的，但我无法确定。A.courage勇气；B.time 时间；C.goal 目标；D.way 方法。根据of knowing fdr sure”和“My mom had Alzheimers”（我妈妈有老年痴呆 症）可知，此处have no way of doing sth.是指”无法确定做某事”。故选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个故事让她无法忘怀，所以她把报纸放在包里。A.agreed同意；B.met遇见;C.stuck 粘住；D

38、.started 开始。根据“so she put the newspaper in her bag”可知，这个故事让她无法忘怀。stick with意为“紧跟某人”，是指这个故事紧跟着母亲，也就是这个故事让她无法忘怀。故选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:她经常仔细检查她包里的东西，以确保它还在里面。A.saved up储蓄;B.went through 仔细检查；C.packed up打包；D.gave out分发，发出。根据“to make sure it was still inside”可知,此处是指她 经常仔细检查她包里的东西。故选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也在找她的手机，因为我爸爸

39、可能提醒过她一定要接电话。A.cellphone手机； B.seat座位；C.bag包；D.tablet药片。根据make sure she could answer it”可知，此处是指她也在找她的手机。故选Ao考查动词词义辨析。句意：她也在找她的手机，因为我爸爸可能提醒过她一定要接电话。A.aHowed允许；B.promised 承诺；C.reminded 提醒；D.expected 期待。根据“her to make sure she could answer it”可知,此处 是指爸爸可能提醒过她一定要接电话。故选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我都快疯了。A.hopeless绝望的；B

40、.soiry遗憾的；C.bored无聊的；D.crazy疯 狂的。根据力shouted at her%我对她大吼大叫）和“drives you mad”（让你发疯）可知,此处是指“我”都快疯了。故选Do考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对她大吼大叫，告诉她越打开包，把东西都拿出来，就越有可能丢东西。A.opened 打开；B.washed清洗；C.removed移开，拿开；D.kept保持。根据“took everything out”可知，此处是指打开 包。故选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对她大吼大叫，告诉她越打开包，把东西都拿出来，就越有可能丢东西。A.forget 忘记；B.regret 后悔

41、；C.lose 丢失；D.overlook 忽略。根据“make sure it was still inside”可知，妈妈频繁检查 包里的东西是为了确保没有丢失报纸和手机，所以此处是指越有可能丢东西。故选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这些都不起作用。A.retumed返回；B.repeated重复；C.disappeared消失；D.worked 起作用。根据转折词but可知，此处是指“我”说的话没有用。故选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：她总是忧心忡忡。A.plan计划；B.worry担忧;C.excuse借口； D.wish愿望。根 据“she stopped worrying”（她不再担

42、心）可知，此处是指她总是忧心忡忡。故选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，她完全不再担心这个包了。A.completely完全地；B.happily高兴地；C.first 首先；D.deeply 深深地。根据She put it down one day and never picked it up again.（有一天她把它放下，再也 没拿起来。）可知，此处是指她完全不再担心这个包了。故选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我发现她的包躺在厨房的桌子上，它使我很难过。A.moved感动；B.excited 使兴奋；Cbroke使难过；D.surprised使惊讶。根据“there I was,

43、 crying at the sight of it可知，我发现她的包 躺在厨房的桌子上，它使我很难过。故选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过我看到这个包会这么难过。A.describe描述；B.remember记得；C.see 看见；D.accept接受。根据“I found her bag lying on the kitchen table one day”可知,此处是指看到这个包。故 选Co考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使我不快了好长一段时间，但我还是在那儿，一看到它就哭了。A.doubt怀疑； B.harm伤害；C.fear害怕；D.displeasure不愉快。根据“It made

44、 me crazy.”可知，它使“我”不快了好长一段时 间。故选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个包象征着我妈妈能够上车和我一起出去的那个时候。A.car汽车；B.bus公 交车；C.ship 船；D.plane 飞机。根据It seems like just yesterday I was driving my mom to the hairdressers or out to go shopping（感觉就像昨天，我开车送妈妈去理发店或者出去购物。）可知，此处是指妈妈能够上车。故 选Ao考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我能回到从前，回到妈妈抱着那个旧包的那一天。A.heavy沉重的；B.ol

45、d 旧的;C.nice 美好的；D.popular 流行的。根据“It caused me so much displeasure for so long”可知，这个包已 经使用了很久，而且那段时间也过去了很久，所以是旧包。故选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你现在正在经历什么，无论你有什么困难，你都会在某天想念让你发疯的 事情。A.solution 解决方案;B.difficulty 困难;C.belief 相信,信赖；D.advantage 优势。根据the thing that drives you mad”可知，此处是指无论你现在有什么困难。故选B。2. What do Wild Ed

46、ibles and Army Survival have in common?A. They have information on food.B. They offer tips on driving away animals.C. They can be used to teach cooking at home.D. They are developed under the guidance of a book.3. Which app can you turn to if you need to build a place to sleep at night?A. Boot Print

47、 Survival.B. Wild Edibles.C. Army Survival.D. SAS Survival Guide.Clocking 16 hours, 46 minutes, nine seconds, the athlete Chris Nikic didnt finish with the shortest time when he recently completed his first Iron Man Race, but he did quite well.After swimming 2.4 miles, the 21-year-old Floridian cycl

48、ed 112 miles. Even after suffering a fall from his bike during the second leg of the race, he called on his inner strength to get back up, keep going and get the job done. And then he ran a 26.2-mile marathon to become the first competitor with Downs Syndrome （唐氏综合征）in the world to successfully cross the finish line in the history of the Iron Man Race. For his efforts, N汰ic also earned himself a place in the Guinness Book of World Records.“To Nikic, this race was more than just a finish line and a celebration for the success,“ his dad said. The race has served as a cha