2024年步步高高考英语大一轮复习（新人教版）选择性必修第一册含答案.docx

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1、2024年步步高高考英语大一轮复习（新人教版）选择性必修第一册选择性必修第一册Unit 1People of Achievement.阅读理解ABanff National Park is home to an amazing wildlife population.But the busy TransCanada Highway that cuts through the park is a hazard to the lovely animals.To address the problem，Banff first put up wildlife fencing on either sid

2、e of the highway to discourage animals from entering the busy road.Then，since 1996，six wildlife overpasses and 38 underpasses have been opened to help the animals cross the highway in safety.I was fortunate to visit Banffs Red Earth Overpass with Trevor Kinley，the project manager of Parks Canada.He

3、told me that so far，they had documented 10,000 safe animal crossings on this overpass alone.“Some animals have learned how to use the crossings much more quickly than others.Black bears are the fastest learners，followed by deer.Wolves and lions take the longest to work out how to use them，”Kinley sa

4、id，laughing.“But those animals that are slower to adapt are usually more capable and determined to figure out the safest way to cross those overpasses and underpasses.”There is some criticism(批评) that channeling so much wildlife into a few bridges and tunnels is like making a trap for the animals，of

5、fering big animals an easy meal on either side.“But research has shown that this is not the case，”Kinley assured me.“There are no more killings around the crossings than anywhere else in the park.”Walking over the TransCanada Highway and then walking underneath through one of the tunnels，I was amaze

6、d to see the fresh tracks of black bears，wolves，deer and many kinds of smaller animals.Somehow，I was so happy to see all these animal footprints，knowing that all this wildlife was passing safely under and over the longest road in Canada.Hopefully，the success of the wildlife crossings in Banff will c

7、ontinue to inspire similar solutions around the world，where human pressure on wildlife continues to grow.1Which of the following best explains the underlined “hazard”in paragraph 1?AShelter. BMessage.CAnswer. DDanger.2What does Trevor Kinley say about those wolves and lions?AThey are stupid animals.

8、BThey are cautious learners.CThey are very dangerous.DThey are good at adapting.3What are the critics worried about?AThere are too many bridges and tunnels.BMany animals will not use the crossings.CMore killings might happen at the crossings.DIllegal hunting might be encouraged in the park.4How does

9、 the author feel at the end of the visit?AConcerned. BDisappointed.CShocked. DDelighted.BPlants dont have ears or a central nervous system，but new research out of the University of Missouri has demonstrated that they might still have the ability to “hear”More specifically，plants have been shown to e

10、xhibit an immune response to the mere sound of a hungry insect.For the study，researchers played the sound of a caterpillar chewing to a group of plants，which caused slight vibrations(振动) on the plants leaves.The plants were able to recognize these vibration patterns as danger，and responded by mounti

11、ng the appropriate immune response.In other words，it appears that plants can “hear”themselves being chewed on.Researchers assume that plants achieve this remarkable ability thanks to proteins that respond to pressure found within their cell membranes.Vibrations cause pressure changes within the cell

12、，which can change the behavior of the proteins；however，additional study will be required to confirm or deny this theory.Once researchers identify the exact mechanisms at play in this process，it could lead to advances in crop protection.Farmers could potentially learn to use sound to cause a plants n

13、atural chemical defenses against insect threats，rather than turning to poisonous chemicals.“We can imagine applications of this where plants could be treated with sound or genetically engineered to respond to certain sounds that would be useful for agriculture，”said study author Heidi Appel.The stud

14、y adds to the growing list of ways that plants have been shown to sense their environments.They are not the boring organisms that many people assume they are.For instance，some plants are able to communicate with each other and signal upcoming danger to their neighbors by releasing chemicals into the

15、 air.Plants can respond to light (think about sunflowers) and temperature.Some can even respond to touch，such as the Venus flytrap(捕蝇草)，which snaps shut when an insect stimulates its hairs.5Why did researchers carry out the study?ATo find out if plants can react to sounds.BTo learn how plants recogn

16、ize dangers.CTo discover if plants can shake their leaves.DTo see how plants improve immune systems.6Whats the potential use of researchersdiscovery?ATo remove insects.BTo protect crops.CTo treat plant diseases.DTo produce chemicals.7What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?ATher

17、e are more plants than we know.BLots of secrets about plants remain unclear.CPlants fit in well with their environments.DPlants are more active than we think.8What can be the best title for the text?ACan Plants“Talk”with Each Other?BHow Do Plants Make Use of Sounds?CCan Plants“Hear”Themselves Being

18、Eaten?DHow Do Plants Defend Themselves Against Attacks?CThe Tiangong space station is a space station being constructed by China.The construction of the station is based on the experience gained from its pioneers，Tiangong1 and Tiangong2.The first module(舱)，the Tianhe core module，was launched on Apri

19、l 29,2021，followed by multiple crewed and uncrewed missions and two more modules to be launched by 2022.According to China Manned Space Agency(CMSA)，which operates the space station，the purpose and missions of Tiangong space station are listed as：breakthroughs in key technologies such as permanent h

20、uman operations in orbit，longterm autonomous spaceflight of the space station，life support technology and development of technology that can aid future deep space exploration.The Tianhe Core Cabin Module(CCM) provides life support and living quarters for three crew members and provides guidance and

21、navigation(导航) for the station.The module also provides the stations power.The station is equipped with a small kitchen for food preparation and the firstever microwave oven in the spaceflight，so that astronauts can always have hot food whenever they need.120 different types of food，selected based o

22、n astronauts preference，are stored aboard.Chinas intention to build its own space station was amplified(增强) after NASA refused Chinese participation in International Space Station in 2011.On February 22,2017，CMSA and Italian Space Agency(ASI) signed an agreement to cooperate on longterm human spacef

23、light activities.The agreement holds importance due to Italys leading position in the field of human spaceflight with regard to the creation and development of the International Space Station and it shows Italys increased expectations of Chinas developing space station program.Tiangong is also expec

24、ted to host experiments from many other countries.9What do we know about the Tiangong space station?AIt aims to build a core module.BIts construction has been finished.CSelfcontrolled flight is impossible.DIt can further assist space exploration.10What is paragraph 3 mainly about?AFood stored aboard

25、 the station.BWays of cooking in space.CLiving conditions on Tianhe CCM.DLife supporting technologies.11What will the future of the Tiangong space station be like according to the text?ADependent and unclear.BPromising and influential.CLeading but unpredictable.DInternationalized but risky.12In whic

26、h section of a website may this text appear?ASpace fiction.BLife & Health.CHistorical events.DScience & Technology.七选五(2023江苏南京联考)Every day，a lot of people move house.With a newfound appreciation for space and air，it may suddenly have seemed as if a new kind of life was possible. 1 .Heres some exper

27、t advice on how to build a new community.2Ask people you already know if they could introduce you to anyone in the location to which you are moving.Posting on social media is probably the easiest way to tap your friends friends.It increases the chance that theres someone you will get along with.Dont

28、 expect friends to magically appear 3 .People really need to take the initiative to go out there and meet people and not assume that friends are just going to fall into their lives.As people become familiar to us，we like them more，and its completely unconscious.Be open to a broader range of peopleYo

29、u have spent a lifetime narrowing your social circle to those you really care about，but the chances are youre not going to meet new best friends in your new area instantly.When it comes to friendships，having close friends is one of the best things we can do for our health and wellbeing.But even havi

30、ng brief interactions with people in general benefits us. 4 .Dont despairRemember to maintain preexisting friendships，so that youre not feeling lonely and disconnected while developing new relationships. 5 .But people dont realize that if they put themselves out there，the process can go faster than

31、they think.It really makes a difference if youre willing to attend different events；you can really change your social life.AMake a public appealBPut some work in before you moveCQuality is best，but quantity still does somethingDIt can take a long time to build up new friendshipsEBut now the pandemic

32、 has made it harder to connect with strangersFIt doesnt necessarily mean you made the wrong decision in movingGWe tend to think friendships happen naturally and thats a huge misconception选择性必修第一册Unit 2Looking into the Future.阅读理解AFor many people，going a few hours without your smartphone can feel lik

33、e a lifetime.Now，one expert claims that humans are becoming so dependent on technology that were actually merging(融合) into it.Speaking at the Fast Company European Innovation Festival，Professor Yuval Noah Harari，a historian at the Hebrew University claimed that its becoming more and more difficult t

34、o tell where humans end and machines begin.He said，“Its increasingly hard to tell where I end and where the computer begins.In the future，it is likely that the smartphone will not be separated from you at all.It may be embedded in your body or brain，constantly scanning your biometric data and your e

35、motions.”During his speech，Professor Harari highlighted how humans have affected our environment over time，and suggested that now may be the time to affect ourselves.He said，“Humanity has always remained constant.If we told our ancestors in the Stone Age about our lives today，they would think we are

36、 already the Creator.But the truth is that even though we have developed more wonderful tools，we are the same animals.We have the same emotions，the same minds.The coming revolution will change that.It will change not just our tools；it will change the human being itself.”If we do manage to merge with

37、 machines，Professor Harari suggests it could open the door to setting up civilizations beyond Earth.He added，“Life will be able to break out of planet Earth and no longer be confined to this flying rock.”While Professor Hararis claims may sound farfetched(牵强的)，he isnt alone in his vision of a machin

38、ehuman world.Back in 2017，Elon Musk claimed that humans should merge with machines，or risk becoming irrelevant.He said，“Over time I think we will probably see a closer merger of biological intelligence and digital intelligence.”1Why does the author mention smartphone in paragraph 1?ATo collect data

39、for his speech.BTo have a good leadin of the topic.CTo say it is harmful to the environment.DTo catch up with the development of science.2What do we know about Professor Harari?AHis opinions gained much support.BHe is the first expert to put forward the idea.CHe thinks technology will change ourselv

40、es as well.DHis suggestion of us staying on planet Earth is considerate.3Whats probably Elon Musks attitude to Professor Hararis speech?ANeutral. BFavourable.CAmbiguous. DDisapproving.4What is the best title for the text?AHumans Are Near to Combining with MachinesBCall on People to Develop Advanced

41、MachinesCA Speech Caused Peoples Concerns on MachinesDFinding New Ways to Break Away from Apps Is VitalBWeve all been there: those times you need to argue your point of view to someone who you know disagrees with you.You immediately go to your keyboard and start to type out that 280character tweet，t

42、he Facebook reply，or a paragraphslong email.Surely the reason，logic，and strong power of your written words will convince whoever disagrees with you to see your point of view.But new research suggests a different idea.That research was conducted by Juliana Schroeder，assistant professor of University

43、of California，Berkeley，and her colleagues.In Schroeders study of almost 300 people，participants were asked to watch，listen，and read arguments about subjects they agreed or disagreed with.They were asked to judge the character of the communicator and the quality of the argument.Schroeders team found

44、that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive(抵触的) of their claims than when they read that communicators same argument.The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician.One of her colleagues read a speech that was printed in a newspaper

45、 from a politician with whom he strongly disagreed.The next week，he heard the exact same speech playing on a radio station.He was shocked by how different his reaction was toward the politician when he read the speech compared to when he heard it.When he read the statement，the politician seemed idio

46、tic，but when he heard it spoken，the politician actually sounded reasonable.So in the workplace，speaking to someone in person often involves nothing more than walking a few doors down to their office.And thats exactly what you should do if you need to convince that boss or colleague of why your bluep

47、rint for the company or project is the right one.Only as a last way should you try to communicate with someone who you disagree with over social media.Twitters limited text allowance and social media users short attention make arguing your point an uphill battle.5Whats the result of the research?AWr

48、itten words are more logical and reasonable.BPeople prefer to communicate with keyboard.CWhen reading an argument，the participants were less dismissive than hearing it.DOral，not written，communication works better.6Why is the politician mentioned in paragraph 3?ATo introduce the topic for discussion.BTo summarize the previous paragraphs.CTo explain why Schroeder conducted the research.DTo introduce the politicians speech.7What does the unde