2024年步步高高考英语大一轮复习（新人教版）必修第一册含答案.docx

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1、2024年步步高高考英语大一轮复习（新人教版）必修第一册 Unit 1Teenage Life.阅读理解AInflammation(炎症) is the bodys defense mechanism.You might have experienced it if you sustained physical injuries or had an infection，like the flu，which causes a sore throat.Inflammation can occur in any organ，but it is most common and easy to see

2、in the skin.You will notice redness，heat and swelling.Usually this is a good thing，as it shows you have a healthy immune system that can kill pathogens(病原体) and repair damage.However，inflammation can be a double-edged sword as in some people it can target the bodys healthy cells，causing what is call

3、ed an autoimmune disease. Given this danger，a new study from Cambridge University，the UK，has been looking into brain conditions that are not usually linked to autoimmune diseases.The study found that inflammation of the brain known as neuroinflammation(神经炎症)has been linked to several forms of dement

4、ia(痴呆)In this new study，researchers scanned the brains of 31 volunteers with three different types of dementia.The first scan was to highlight neuroinflammation，and a second scan illuminated(阐明) poisonous proteins that are linked with dementia.The team also examined 12 post-mortem(after death) brain

5、s.These experiments showed similar patterns of poisonous protein build-up and neuroinflammation，suggesting a relationship between inflammation and dementia.“Even we were surprised by how tightly these two problems mapped onto each other.Now，the big question is what role this neuroinflammation plays

6、in the decline of the mind associated with dementia，”said Thomas Cope，one of the authors of the study.Another of the studys researchers，James Rowe，highlighted the importance of further research.He said the frequent presence of inflammation in neurodegenerative(神经退化的) diseases，including Alzheimers an

7、d Parkinsons disease，“offers hope that immune-based treatments might help slow or prevent these conditions”1Why is inflammation usually a good thing?AIt can defend our body against infection.BIt allows injuries to heal themselves.CIt gives long-term protection to healthy cells.DIt is a reflection of

8、 a healthy immune system.2What did the study from Cambridge University find?ANeuroinflammation leads to dementia.BIncreased poisonous proteins in the brain cause dementia.CThere are links between neuroinflammation and dementia.DPoisonous protein build-up and neuroinflammation have different patterns

9、.3What is still unknown according to Thomas Cope?AWhy neuroinflammation is connected with dementia.BHow the decline of the mind is associated with dementia.CHow to prevent neuroinflammation from developing into dementia.DTo what extent neuroinflammation and dementia are linked with each other.4What

10、can be inferred from James Rowes words?AInflammation is one of the causes of neuroinflammation.BImmune-based treatments would be the best cure for dementia.CResearch on neuroinflammation could help treat neurodegenerative diseases.DFurther research will focus on methods of cutting poisonous proteins

11、 in the brain.BAlmost every month，a new piece of research appears linking diets high in processed “junk” foods with obesity and poor health.It isnt yet clear if they have a cause-and-effect relationship.But deeper research is starting to appear from trials that compare diets which are based on eithe

12、r extremely processed foods or wholefoods(天然食品)，yet are carefully matched for nutrients in all other ways.The links need investigating as a matter of urgency.If these processed foods really do carry essential health risks，it could mean that official advice about healthy eating has been aiming at the

13、 wrong target for decades.In almost all high-income countries，nutrition guidelines say the key to healthy eating is avoiding too much fat，salt and sugar.While many types of processed food contain significant quantities of these not-well-thought-of ingredients，not all do，and there are wholefoods that

14、 are also high in some of them.Red meat and some dairy products come with their share of fat，for instance.It is still unclear if it is better to switch to “healthier” low-fat versions of processed foods，or to cook from scratch，whatever the ingredients.Equally not clear is what action governments sho

15、uld be taking.Some campaigners are now calling for higher taxes on factory-made foods.That would be controversial，however，because these foods make up to 60 percent of peoples diets in countries such as the UK and the US.Additionally，any price increase is likely to hit lower-income households hardest

16、，many of which consume more of such products because processed foods can be cheaper than making meals from their original ingredients，and the cost difference is even greater if you take into account the time taken to cook from scratch.Rather than taxation，a most practical approach may be for schools

17、 to start teaching pupils how to make quick and simple home-cooked meals.This approach would take many years to bear fruit，as the encroachment(侵蚀) of processed foods into Western cuisine took place over decades.It isnt going to be completely changed overnight.5What can be learned about processed foo

18、ds?AThey are more nutritious than wholefoods.BThey can help avoid being overweight and unhealthy.CThey have less fat，salt and sugar than wholefoods.DThey dont necessarily carry such high health risks.6How does the author develop paragraph 3?ABy giving reasons.BBy listing facts.CBy answering question

19、s.DBy showing a study result.7Whats the authors attitude towards higher taxation on processed foods?AFavorable. BTolerant.COpposed. DCarefree.8What will be the future of processed foods?AThey will still exist in peoples diets for some years.BThey will be over-taxed.CThey will be removed from Western

20、 cuisine.DThey will be replaced by home-made meals soon.完形填空(2023江苏南通如皋调研)One day，Rosie,15，who has profound and multiple learning disabilities(PMLD) found her current toy broken.It had 1 her since her second birthday.After all the attempts to fix it 2 ，her sister，Josie Wheel，decided to give social m

21、edia a shot.She posted a message on Twitter asking for help to find a 3 model of the toy.“The toy had stopped being 4 by the company nearly a decade ago and were 5 the ones that work.We never expected the 6 to be so huge on the Internet，” said the 18-year-old from Coventry.She said many warm-hearted

22、 people were so determined to help just out of the goodness of their heart 7 they knew nothing about Rosie.About 15 substitutes had so far been 8 ，but people were still coming forward.It would 9 be closer to 30 which was amazing.People had also offered to fix the broken toys after they began to brea

23、k due to so much 10 .“Rosie doesnt completely understand everything thats going on because of her 11 but when she receives all of them next month and can physically see them I can imagine her 12 ，”Lorraine Wheel，the girls mother， 13 .“Josie and her sister have the strongest 14 and Josie has done man

24、y things to 15 that Rosie is the happiest girl ever.I couldnt be more proud of her.”1A.humbled BdiscouragedCaccompanied Dconvinced2A.ended BhelpedCchanged Dfailed3A.specific BseparateCcheap Dnew4A.sold BtestedCexpected Dassigned5A.withdrawing from Bhunting forCgiving up Dtaking over6A.problem Bdiffe

25、renceCresponse Ddistribution7A.if BonceCbecause Dthough8A.received BdemandedCpromised Dpurchased9A.probably BtemporarilyCregularly Dnormally10A.pressure BcoverageCapplause Dusage11A.guilt BfrustrationCcondition Denvy12A.excitement BambitionCproficiency Dhesitation13A.urged BguaranteedCcomforted Dadd

26、ed14A.support BbondCwill Dpoint15A.ensure BimagineCdiscover Dpredict.语法填空Xu Yuanchong was a famous Chinese translator，best known for translating Chinese ancient poems into English and French.Xu was born in 1921 in Nanchang，Jiangxi Province.His mother，who was well educated and good at painting，had a

27、great impact on Xu in his 1. (pursue) of beauty and literature.When studying at Provincial Nanchang No.2 High School，he excelled at English.In 1938，he 2. (admit) to the Department of Foreign Languages，National Southwest Associated University，a school 3. graduates have played a central role in modern

28、 China.At university，Xu gave outstanding performances in English，Russian，French，while even hosting Shakespeare classes，clearly showing a gift for translation.After his graduation，Xu devoted 4. (him) to education and translation.He was the first Chinese translator 5. (translate) Chinese poetry into E

29、nglish and French verse.He also translated many 6. (masterpiece) into Chinese including The Red and the Black and Jean-Christophe.In his last days，the hundred-year-old scholar was still working on the translation of Shakespeares complete works.Seven hours of work in front of a computer every day is

30、7._ unbearable task for young adults.8. (surprising)，this 100-year-old scholar was never bored with his work，passionately typing his translation word by word，day after day.9._ the morning of June 17，Xu passed away in Beijing at the age of 100.The respectable translator enjoyed a life worth 10. (reme

31、mber)必修第一册 Unit 2Travelling Around.阅读理解AWhere to find money that can help you pay for a college or university after high school.The Student Assistance Program(SAP)It is a provincial student support program，offering a mix of financial assistance to thousands of students each year.You can only be suit

32、able for SAP if you dont get enough money from other sources to cover your college or university expenses.The income that you report to SAP generally needs to match what you report to the school when you file your taxes.You can use the online calculator to help.Youll see how much financial assistanc

33、e you could be suitable to receive from SAP.Financial Aid from SchoolsYou can check with the school directly to see what financial aid programs they offer.You could be suitable for assistantships，scholarships，work-study programs and summer employment opportunities.These are all sources of money you

34、dont have to pay back.Emergency LoansMost schools also offer emergency loans.For example，you could be suitable for a short-term loan (90 days) to cover tuition，if youre waiting for SAP to arrive.Banks，trust companies and credit unions offer student loans and lines of credit.Talk to your financial in

35、stitution for more information.Self-fundIts a good idea to save money from a summer job or job you hold throughout the year to help pay for your education.Your parents or other relatives might also be able to contribute to education costs.Another option is to consider investing savings through a ban

36、k/financial institutionso that money can earn interestif you plan to go to college or university in the future.Extra AssistanceSome students，such as those with disabilities or who receive social assistance，may be suitable for additional student aid.1What kind of financial assistance does SAP offer?A

37、Banking methods.BEducation expenses.CFuture job funds.DCampus medical costs.2Which of the following aids must be repaid in a short time?AAssistantships. BSelf-fund.CEmergency loans. DAdditional aid.3What may one learn from Self-fund?AAcademic instructions.BOnline courses.CAfter-school programs.DInve

38、stment methods.BA recent study has followed the origins，or beginnings of the family of languages that include modern Japanese，Korean，Turkish and Mongolian.The findings show a shared genetic ancestor for the hundreds of millions of people who speak what the researchers call Transeurasian(跨欧亚的) langua

39、ges.Such languages had their origin with millet farmers who lived in an area in northeastern China about 9,000 years ago.Millet is a small，round whole grain.It was an important early crop as hunter-gatherers became farmers.The studys findings show how the use of agriculture following the Ice Age pow

40、ered the movements of some of the worlds major language families.The research highlights the complex beginnings of modern populations and cultures.Martine Robbeets，head of the Archaeolinguistic Research Group，said people often think of Japan，Korea and China as powerful nations representing one langu

41、age，one culture and one people.“All languages，cultures and humans，including those in Asia，are mixed，” Robbeets said.“Accepting that the roots of ones language，culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries is to surrender identity，which some people are not yet prepared to make.”The res

42、earchers studied data of vocabulary from the 98 languages.They identified a group of words related to agriculture and created a language family tree.The researchers examined data from 255 archaeological sites in China，Japan，Korea and eastern Russia.They studied ancient objects including pottery，ston

43、e tools and plant and animal remains.They also included the dating of 269 ancient crop remains from different areas.The researchers found that farmers in northeastern China eventually grew rice and wheat along with millet.The crops spread along with farming populations to Korea by about 1300BCE and

44、from there to Japan after about 1000BCE.As the ancient farmers moved across northeastern Asia，related languages spread into Siberia，Korea and Japan over thousands of years.4According to the study，what do Transeurasian languages originate from?AIce Age people.BAncient Japanese.CAncient millet farmers

45、.DEarly hunter-gatherers.5What does the underlined word“surrender”probably mean in paragraph 3?AGive up. BMaintain.CTake in. DDestroy.6How do the researchers conduct their study?ABy giving examples.BBy analyzing some statistics.CBy setting down general rules.DBy doing an experiment.7What is the main

46、 idea of the text?AFood has a close relationship with culture diversity.BA large language family has ancient origins in China.CHuman activities lead to different language movements.DThe research on the language familys beginnings counts.CPutting a microchip(芯片) into ones brain brings the world a sup

47、er hero，which is common in sci-fi movies.However，we may find it possible in reality.Elon Musk，founder of SpaceX and co-founder of electric car maker Teslahas been working on this technology.On Aug.28，Musk gave a livestream demonstration of the chip，which was implanted into the head of a pig named Gertrude.The chip，developed by Musks company，is the size of a coin.But dont let its size fool you.The tiny chip has over 3,000 electrodes(电极) attached to flexible threads，which can monitor about 1,000 neu