英语阅读理解答题技巧攻略.docx

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1、英语阅读理解答题技巧攻略（初高中适用）如何处理长难句？1.找谓语，找定语一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我 们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且，如果一个句子 中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句（并列谓语动词的情况除外）。如：People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting and hurt elephant populations.【句意】二十一年来，象牙交易一直被明令禁止，人们担心

2、削弱 这一禁令会助长非法捕猎，导致大象数量减少。【分析】that引导宾语从句，从句中谓语动词是encourage和 hurt，根据逻辑意义，可知encourage和hurt的主语是动名 词短语 weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivoryo2、提主干，去枝叶简析：有两个过去分词短语作状语。14. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand yearsf giving them plenty of time to build more than 1

3、000 huge stone figuresf called moatf for which the island is most famous.他们已有一千多年与外界没有联系，这给他们充足的时间来修建1000多座巨大的石像，被称为 莫艾，因为有这个东西这个岛屿极其出名。简析：夹杂有现在分词短语，过去分词短语及定语从句。15. Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10 and they re very interactive and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a sub

4、ject.我们的（生日）聚会针对两到十岁的小孩，它们互动感强，富有创新，因为它们能基于一个主题构建一种 戏剧的氛围。简析：关键词aim for针对;in that在于。16. The most important idea behind the kind of party planning described here is that it brings parents and children closer together.在这里叙述的这种筹备（生日）聚会的计 划所带有的最重要的观点在于它能让父母和孩子的关系更加密切。简析：夹杂过去分词短语及表语从句。17. He had realized

5、 that the words: one of six to eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIILS six wives.他曾认识到那本书里第一幅图画下面的那些词一.六.八在某些方面将这个野兔和阿拉甘的凯撒英，即亨利八世的 六个妻子当中的第一个妻子，联系起来。简析：夹杂宾语从句及过去分词短语。18. Until one day he came across two stone crosses

6、 inAmpthill park and learnt that they had been built in herhonor in 1773.直到有一天他在阿帕斯尔公碰巧看见两个石制的十字架，他才懂得在1773年修建这两个十字架是为了向她表示敬简析：关键词come across碰巧遇见，in one1 s honor纪念某Ao19. It is Sue Townsend7 s musical play, based on her bestselling book.它是苏珊汤森德的音乐剧本，根据她畅销的小说改 编的。简析：关键词best-selling畅销的。20. Gold is one

7、of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trendf and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.戈德是对有机食品感兴趣众多购买者当中的一位， 遍及英国的超市依赖更多像他那样的购买者，因为他们要增加有机 食品生意。简析：关键词count on依赖。21. Supporters of underground development say that building

8、 down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth s space.地下发展的支持者说在地下搞建筑而不是 在地上搞建筑是一种利用地球空间的办法。简析：关键词rather than而不是。22. Those who could were likely to name a woman.那些能够说出好朋友名字的单身男人，很有可能说出一个女人的名字。简析：省略句 who could (name a best friend )承前省。23. In general women7 s friendships with each other

9、 rest on shared emotions and support, but men1 s relationships are marked by shared activities.一般来说，女人相互的友谊基于相互分享情感和支持，但男人间的关系以共同参与社会活动为特 征。简析：关键词rest on依靠。24. For the most part, interactions between men are emotionally controlled a good fit with the social requirements of manly behavior”.就大部分而言，男人间

10、的 交往在感情上受控制，这与“男子汉气概”的社会要求是相符合 的。简析：关键词for the most part就大部分而言。25. Whereas a woman s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriagef it wasn7 t unusual to hear a man say he didnf t know his friend1 s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking

11、 if he could sleep on the sofa一个女人最亲密的女性朋友可能是第一个告诉她离开一次失败的婚姻;而听见一个男人 说直到他的朋友一天晚上问他是否可以睡在他家的沙发上他才知道 他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，这是很平常的。简析：夹杂多种语法结构not unusual = usual; notuntil，直到才。26. Before 1066f in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.1066 年 以前，在我们现在称为英国的土地上，住着属于两

12、个主要语种的民 族。简析：倒装句，并含有定语从句及分词短语。27. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.如果这种情况延续下去的话，那么今天的英 语将和德语很相近。简析：含虚拟语气。28. We even have different word for some foodsf meat in particular depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, whi

13、ch Shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating我们甚至对某些食物有不同的单词，特别是肉类，取决于它是长在田野 里，还是在家里准备煮着吃，这就表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在大吃大喝。简析：含对比。29. When Americans visit Europe for the first timef they usually find Germany more “For

14、eign“ than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does当美国 人第一次游览欧洲时，他们通常发现德国比法国对他们来说更加“陌生”，因为他们在标牌和广告上看到的德语，比起法语更加不 同于英语。简析：含比较级句型结构。30. Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and

15、emphasize it in their advertising.一些公司已经把洁净安全产品的生产当作他们主要的销售关键，并且在他们的广告宣传中强调这简析：make后接双宾语。31. After their stayf all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success, that isf when guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of ad venture .在

16、他们逗留之后，所有的游客都会收到一份生存证明记录他们的成功，也就是说当游客离开小冰屋旅馆 时，他们会得到一份证明，表明他们曾尝试过冒险。简析：含两个分词短语 关犍词state表明。32. The major market force rests in the growing population of whitecollar employees, who can afford the new servicef in other wordsf Shanghai1 s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasi

17、ng number of white-collar employees.主要的市场因素取决于白领工人的人数增加，这些人 付得起这种新型服务，换句话说，上海的汽车出租行业发展如此 快，主要因为白领工人人数的增加。简析：关键词rest in依赖。33. That you won7 t be for long means it wonr t be long before you II have to recycle your rubbish.你不会等很长时间意味着过不了多久你就会间意味着过不了多久你就会收你的垃圾。简析：夹杂主语从句及宾语从句。34. These words, I have just

18、 made up, have to stand for thing and ideas that we simply can t think of.这些词，是我 编造的，只是代表我们不能想到的事物和观念。简析：关键词make up编造。35. Picturing(Imagining) the future will serve the interests of the present and future generations.设想未来有益于现在 和将来的几代人。简析：关键词picture活用为动词想象，设想。36. Decision thinking is not unlike poker

19、 it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.做决策像打扑克牌，起作用的不但是你怎么想的，还包括别人对你的 想法是怎么看的以及你对别人的看法是如何考虑的。简析：含较复杂的句型结构not unlike=like not 0nlybut a I so不仅而且The easy way out isnf t always easiest.解决问题容易的办法并非总是最容易的。简析：关键词the way out解决

20、问题的办法。37. The hot sun had caused the dough （面团）to double in size and the fermenting yeast（醵母）made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.炙热的太阳导致面团面积加倍，醵母使面团的表面摆晃叹息，似乎它在呼吸，它看 上去像某种来自外部空间的无名生物。简析：比喻形象生动。38. After allf what lively c

21、hildren wouldn, t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school workfand acting, singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?毕竟，难道这些活泼可爱的孩子们不满足于半天 搞普通教育的文化课，半天搞表演、唱歌、舞蹈等舞台训练吗?简析：反问句式，语气强烈。39. Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgo

22、tten wear his safety belta mistake75% of the US population make every day.爸爸，急匆匆地在天黑之前赶回家，以便他能出去跑步，却忘记系安全带一这是75% 的美国人每天犯的一个错误。简析：关键词for a run去跑步。40. The summit was to mark the 25th anniversary（周年）of president Nixon s journey to China, which was the turning point in China-US relations.这次高峰会是为了纪念尼 克松总

23、统访华25周年，尼克松访华是中美关系的转折点。简析：关键词mark纪念。41. Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out很多问题是大学水平，这些小学生 能够解答出来。简析：关键词be of college level大学水平,figure out解决, 解答。42. Rising through the roof is the Tower of the Sun, insideWhich stands a 160- -foot -tall Tree of Life.穿过屋顶矗立着太

24、阳之塔，在里面有一棵160英尺高的生命之树。简析：含有两个倒装句。43. The present question is that many people considerimpossible what is really possible if effort is made目前的问题是，很多人把其实只要付诸努力就能做到的事情看成是做不到 的。简析：consider后的宾语后置。44. Ill and suffering as she was after the inhuman punishment she yet remained so cheerful and confident, eag

25、er to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades.她受过重罚，而且有病，可她却这样愉快, 这样充满了信心，这样用尽她所剩的力量来帮助其他同志。简析：含有让步状语从句及形容词短语作状语。45. Freed from TVf forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset.如果他们从电视中的束缚中解脱出来，不得不自己安排活动，他们可能会全家 驱车去看日落。简析：含有两个过

26、去分词短语。47.1 went around to the front of the house, sat down on the steps, and, the crying over, I ached. And my father must have hurt, too, a little.我绕到房子的前面，坐在台阶 上，哭了一阵之后，我感到阵阵心痛，我的父亲心里肯定也有一点 不好受。简析：动作描写，情真意切。48. It covered the whole distance from broken -hearted misery to bursting happinesstoo fast

27、.先是令人心碎的痛 苦，继而是极度的喜悦，从一个极端到另一个极端一变换得实在太 快了。简析：比喻形象生动。49Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happenf the nearest person he contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, would be on an island 885 miles away.他禁不住寻思起来，要是果真有什么意外，除非附近有条 船，他用无线电能联系上的最近的人远在885英里以外的岛上。 简析：含虚拟语气。50. A

28、fter all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured, just as you choose to look at it.八十大寿， 毕竟非同一般，不管怎么说你又活了十年，或者说熬了十年，是活 还是熬，全在于你怎么看了。简析：关键词 endure (stand; bear; put up with)忍受。51. News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached

29、. 新闻报道说这两个国家的和平谈判失败，没有达成协议。简析：关键词break down失败，reach an agreement达成协 议。52. The old couple have been married for 40 years and 一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从 句.状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼 不出来，就不能完全把握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。如：Economists from the University of Sussex analysed findings from the National Longitu

30、dinal Study of Adolescent Health, a 15-year research project charting the fortunes of a group of thousands of teenagers who attended high schools in the US in the mid-1990s.【句意】来自萨塞克斯大学的经济学家们分析了国家青少年健康 纵向研究的研究结果，这项研究是一个历时15年的课题，它记录 了数千名在美国20世纪90年代中期上中学的一组青少年的财产【分析】句子主干为 Economists analysed findingso

31、 from the University of Sussex 作 economists 的定语;from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 作 findings 的定语;a 15-year research project 作 the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 的同位 语;charting作project的定语;who引导定语从句修饰 teenagersonever once have they quarreled with each other这对老

32、年夫妇结婚40年了，两人从来没有一次争吵。简析：含主谓倒装句。53. After allf Ed s idea of exercise has alwaysbeen nothing more effort-making than lifting a fork to hismouth.要记住的是，伊德搞锻炼的想法根本没有进餐使用刀叉那么费力。简析：含比较级句型。54. As a result, at the point in our game when r d have figured on (predicted) the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor

33、, it was instead 7 to 9 and Ed was leading.就在我们比赛之前，我曾预料这场比赛对我有利，比分大概是9比 1 ,结果比分反而是7比9 ,伊德暂时领先。简析：关键词figure on预计，估计;in one s favor对某人有 利。553。when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice , I was so surp

34、rised that I was speechless , my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape .因此当伊德来参加 我们的比赛时，我发现他不仅将衬衫的底部扎进裤里，而且几乎注意不 到他的肚子，我感到很惊奇,以致无话可说，我的表弟过去一定努力把刍己训练好，保持很好的竞技状态。简析：含有not only.but also及so.that的句型结构， must have P.P表示对过去事实的推测。1. .1n a way, I think we both won : I the game , but cousin

35、 Ed my respect.在一定程度上，我认为我们都赢了，我赢得了这次 比赛，伊德表弟赢得了我的尊重。简析：承前省略谓语动词won。57. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it.据说在澳大利亚土地太多以致政府不知道怎么去处理。简析：含比较级句型。58. The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.这项研究设计得如此好以致一旦开始 任何事都不可能改

36、变它。简析：夹杂过去分词短语once begunoThe mother didn t know who to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.妈妈不知道谁应该受责备，因为打破玻璃这件事是她不在家里的时候发生的。简析：关键词be to blame受责氤When I was in the army I received an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and , against an average of 100 , scored 160.当我在军队服役

37、时，我曾接受过所有战士都参加的智 力测试，与平均分100分相比，我得了 160分。简析：关键词against与相比较。59. We didnr t plan our art exhibition like that but it worked out very well我们原不是那样计划艺术展览的，但出来 的结果却很好。简析：关键词work out结果是The home improvements have taken what little thereis of my spare time .房子装修花费我的闲暇时间不多。简析：句型结构little of的用法，例We see very lit

38、tle of our children (we do not see them often) now that they are grown up,孩子们已经长大了，所以我们现在很少见到他们。60. Having suffered such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.这条河流已经遭受很重的 污染，现在要清理为时太晚。简析：含toot。句型及现在分词的完成式。61. Most believe the footprints are nothing more than ordinary

39、animal tracks , which had been made larger as they melted and refroze in the snow.大多数人相信这些脚印只 是普通动物的足迹，这些足迹由于在雪里融化再结冰而变大了。简析：关键词 nothing more than onlyoBut if they ever succeed in catching one, they may face a real problem: would they put it in a zoo or give it a roomin a hotel?但若他们真的抓住一个“雪人的话，那么他们可

40、能面临一个现实问题：他们会把它放进动物临一个现实问题：他们会把它放进动物,还是在一个旅馆里给它一个房间呢？简析：含选择疑问句型。62. With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.产量增长了 60% ,公司又经历了一个极好的年头。简析：含with构成的介词短语。63. The WTO cannot live up to its name if it dose not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind世 贸组织如果没有一个占世

41、界五分之一人口的大国加入的话，那么它 就不能名副其实。简析：关键词live upto one7 s name名副其实。64. It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you a re.重要的是你做这件工作的能力，而不是你来自什么地方，或是你是什么身份。简析：强调句型It is +强调部分+that / who+从句。65. How could I ever get him to finish unloading the car without screaming at me and

42、 making a scene in front of the other girls, who I would have to spend the rest of the year with?我怎么才能让父亲卸完车上的行李而不向我大喊大叫， 在其他女孩子面前出洋相呢?我还要和这些女孩一起度过以后的日子。简析：关键词make a scene大吵大闹，出洋相。66. Dadf s face turned decidedly less red before he could bring out a “yes” .父亲在说出一声是“之前，脸终于没有先前 那么红了。简析：迂表达，心情如释重负。67.

43、Soon I heard a sound like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet.很快我听到好象是门被撞进的声音，接着是一阵上楼的脚步声。简析：that替代前而的soundoFather took the still smoking pistol from my handf and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla.爸爸从我手里拿起那只仍冒烟的枪，又开了一枪，这才杀死了那只大猩猩。简析：关键词fire another shot又开了一枪。1. .lt happened

44、 that father had sent us upstairs because he thought he would be able to lock the doorwhich was twenty feet awaybefore the animal reached it.事情发生是 这样的，爸爸先把我们送上楼，因为他原以为他能够在那个动物赶到 之前（距离20英尺远）将门锁上。简析：句型结构It happened that事情发生是这样的He certainly looked the part all rightf he thought as he admired himself in

45、 the mirror.当他在镜子前自我欣赏时，他想他当然看上去很适合那个角色。简析：关键词all right确实，无疑。74. He put his head in his hands and tried to remember his lines, but nothing came to his mind.他抱着头，尽力的想台词，但什么也想不起来。简析：迂表达 nothing came tohis mind = He rememberednothing.75. In fact the more he watched the playf the more he felt himself pa

46、rt of it.实际上，他越是观看这台戏剧，他越是认为g己已进入角色。简析：句型结构the more.the more越越Instead she took a short walk in a park nearby and came home, letting herself in through the back door反而，她在附近公园散步一会儿就回到家，她经过后门让自己进去 的。简析：分词短语letting herself in作状语。76. She settled down to wait and see what would happen.她静下心来等，看会发生什么事。简析：关键

47、词settle down to do sth静下心来做Picking up the kettle of boiling waterf she moved quietly towards the door.她拿起那个装着开水的壶,悄悄地向门移动。简析：现在分词短语作伴随状语。77. A sharp cry was heard outside as the wire fell to the floor and the hand was pulled back, which was followed by the sound of running feet.当那根铁丝掉在地上，哪只手缩时，外面传来尖

48、叫声J接着是逃跑的声音。简析：三处被动语态间接描述小偷遭到的惩罚。78. It wasnr t long before the police caught the thief彳艮快警察抓住了那个小偷。简析：句型结构It wasnf tlong before+从句，很快就Then, I noticed a tall man by the door, carryingsomething covered with brown paper.接着，我注意到门旁一个高个子男人，拿着用棕色纸遮盖着的某种东西。简析：含两个分词短语。79. Turning to my next customer, I was terrified to see a gun stuck out of his coat.转向下一个顾客，看见一杆枪从他的 外套伸出来，我非常恐惧。简析：过去分词短语作to see的宾补。80. “Smith!” the manager cried out in a voice like thunder “None of your excuses!