2015年学位英语整理阅读理解.pdf

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1、模 拟 题（一）PassagelAmong all the animals,theape is most like human beings.Both people and apes have the similarbrainstructure,the similar nerve system,and the similar kind of blood.There are four kinds ofapes:the chimpanzee（黑 猩 猩），the orangutan（猩 猩）z the gorilla（大 猩 猩），and the gibbon（长 臂 猿）.They live i

2、n the deepforests and warm tropical regions of Africaand of Southeast Asia,including Indonesia.All apes are covered withbrown,reddish-brown,or black hair everywhere on their bodies excepttheirfaces,feet,and hands.Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb thathelps them gripthings the way our th

3、umbs help us.But they also have a thumbon each foot instead of a big toe.Thus they can hold things with their feet also.Having short,weak legs,apes do not walk on theground very much.However,their arms are very strong.This enables them to swing frombranches and travelvery quickly from tree to tree.T

4、hese animals live insmall family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetablesandfruits.They also eat eggs,small animals,nuts,and insects.When they aretired,they buildnests in the trees.But they rarely sleep there for more thana night or two.Then they move on tolook for more food.Ther

5、e are some differencesamong the following three kids of apes.The gibbon is never morethan threefeet high and weight only about fourteen pounds.The gorilla grows to be sixfeet talland weight up to 600 pounds.The orangutan is smaller than thegorilla.It stands three to five feettall and weight up to 20

6、0 pounds.Chimpanzees are thesmartest of all apes.They can be taught to sit at a table and eat,todressthemselves,and to do things that human children can do.56.What does the firstparagraph tell us?A.The ape looks like human beingsmost.B.People and the ape think alike.C.People and the ape behave alike

7、.D.The ape is the most intellectualanimal in the world.57.Which of the followingsentences is TRUE?A.All apes are brown or black.B.All parts of apes bodies arecovered with hair.C.Apes have weak legs but verystrong arms.D.Apes arms are strong enough toswim.58.Apes build nests inthe trees but seldom sl

8、eep there for more than a night or two becauseA.They like to live in small familygroupsB.They like to move from place toplace in search of more foodC.They like to eat eggs,smallanimals,nuts and insectsD.it rains too often in the deepforests59.Among the three kindsof a p e s,.A.the gorilla is the big

9、gestB.the gibbon is only three feet highbut it is heavier than the orangutanC.the orangutan is smaller than thegorilla and cleverer than the gibbonD.the orangutan can stand up to agreat height,but others cannot60.The last paragraphtells us t h a t.A.chimpanzees can do better thanhuman childrenB.chim

10、panzees can do many thingsthat human children cannot doC.human children can do many thingsthat chimpanzees cannot doD.the intelligence of chimpanzees issimilar to that of human children答 案 解 析：Part V Reading Comprehension(20 points)Passage 156.A 解 析 细 节 题。由 文 章 首 句 可 知，在 自 然 界 中，猿 与 人 最 相 似。故 选 A。57

11、.C 解 析 细 节 题。由 文 章 第 三 段 倒 数 第 二、三 句 可 知，猿 的 腿 短 而 无 力，但 手 臂 很 强 壮，故 选 C。倒 数 第 一 句 说，强 壮 的 手 臂 使 得 猿 能 够 sw ing而 不 是 s w im,排 除 D。由 该 段 第 一、二 句 可 排 除 A、B 两 项。58.B 解 析 细 节 题。文 章 第 四 段 指 出，猿 四 处 迁 居 以 寻 找 蔬 菜 与 水 果，它 们 累 了 就 在 树 上 造 窝，偶 尔 在 窝 里 休 息 一 两 个 晚 上，然 后 继 续 迁 移 以 找 到 更 多 的 食 物，所 以 B 正 确。59.A

12、解 析 细 节 题。文 章 第 五 段 指 出，长 臂 猿(gibbon)高 不 足 3 英 尺，重 仅 1 4磅;大 猩 猩(gorilla)高 6 英 尺，重 达 600磅；猩 猩(o ran gu tan)高 3 至 5 英 尺，重 20 0磅。综 合 可 知，A 正 确。60.D 解 析 推 断 题。文 章 最 后 一 段 指 出，黑 猩 猩 是 所 有 猿 中 最 聪 明 的，可 以 做 儿 童 能 做 的 事 情。山 此 推 断，黑 猩 猩 的 智 力 与 儿 童 的 智 力 相 似，故 选 D。Passage2Videodisc holds greatpromise of hel

13、ping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren whohaveproblems seeing,hearing,speaking,or socializing.Almost eleven percent ofthe studentsaged 321 inthis country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from aregulareducation program.Handicapped students require special educationb

14、ecause they are oftenmarkedly different from most children in one or more ofthe following ways:mentally retarded(发 展 迟 缓 的)learning-disabled,emotionallydisturbed,deaf,visually handicapped,physicallyhandicapped,or other healthimpairments.The education of these handicapped children isrewarding butchal

15、lenging.A special educationstudent usually needs a longer period of time to acquireinformation.Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial,and indefatigable(孜 孜 倦 的)consistency on thepart of the teacher is frequently necessary.Interactive videodisccoursewarehas characteristics that can be ca

16、pitalized upon to meet the challenges thatspecialeducation poses.A videodisc program is infinitely patient.Repetitionof any videodisc lesson cancontinue endlessly,and designers can assureabsolute consistency within a program.Mostimportant,according to specialeducator William Healey of the University

17、 of Arizona,isthatvideodisc“adds an extra dimension of realism for children who needgraphicrepresentations.”Healey explained that deafand mentally retarded children especially have difficulty graspingfigurative(比 喻 的)language and higher-orderlanguage concepts.He believes that for specialeducation,th

18、e power ofvideodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually representlanguageconcepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons.Complexfigurativelanguage forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily tomind as being difficult forhandicapped learners.61.The special educat

19、ionmentioned in the text is mainly concerned w i t h.A.genius students from day-care centersto collegesB.students who are fond of computervideo gamesC.teachers of language in the University of ArizonaD.students who are either mentallyor physically disabled62.A videodisc courseware is beneficial to t

20、hose who have study difficulties b e c a u s e.A.its fancy design is veryattractiveB.it allows the user to go back towhere he wants to restudyC.the content of it is healthy andpromisingD.it is developed by universityprofessors63.According to ProfessorHealey,we may infer that mentally retarded childr

21、en perhapsA.need graphic representations in order to understand higher-orderlanguage conceptsB.are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasphigher-order language conceptsC.are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand theworld conceptsD.tend to be deaf as well and

22、have difficulty learning the simpleconcept“before and after64.The best phrase thatsummarizes the main idea of the text i s.A.handicapped students and their problemsB.videodisc and special educationC.computer assisted teaching programsD.normal children and handicapped kids65.The word“impairment(Line

23、3,Para.1)probably m e a n s.A.habitB.disabilityC.misconceptionD.belief答 案 解 析：Passage 261.D 解 析 细 节 题。由 文 章 第 一 段 uHandicapped students require special education because theyare”可 知，文 中 提 及 的 特 殊 教 育，针 对 的 是 有 智 力 和 身 体 残 疾 的 学 生 们，故 选 D。62.B 解 析 推 断 题。文 章 第 二 段 第 二 句 指 出，残 疾 儿 童 往 往 需 要 老 师 不 厌 其 烦

24、 地 反 复 教 导，接 着 谈 到 互 动 式 影 碟 课 件 可 以 不 断 地 重 放 课 程，由 此 推 断，影 碟 课 件 使 学 习 有 困 难 的 学 生 能 够 回 放 他 们 想 再 次 学 习 的 课 程，故 选 B。63.A 解 析 推 断 题。文 章 第 三 段 的 前 两 句 指 出，希 利 教 授 解 释 说 耳 聋 和 智 力 发 展 迟 缓 的 孩 子 很 难 明 白 比 喻 性 的 话 语 和 较 为 复 杂 的 语 言 概 念，所 以 他 们 需 要 直 观 的 图 解，而 影 碟 能 够 帮 助 他 们，由 此 推 断 A 正 确。64.B 解 析 主 旨

25、 题。通 读 全 文 可 知，文 章 主 要 介 绍 了 对 残 疾 孩 子 的 特 殊 教 育 和 辅 助 这 种 特 殊 教 育 的 影 碟 课 件，故 选 B。65.B 解 析 语 义 题。文 章 第 一 段 的 第 二 句 指 出，在 该 国 3 至 2 1岁 的 学 生 中，约 有 11%的 学 生 有 从 而 影 响 了 他 们 接 受 常 规 教 育 的 能 力。habit意 为“习 惯”，disability意 为“残 疾”，misconception意 为“误 解，belief意 为“信 仰 由 句 意 可 知，B 正 确。Passage3There are many way

26、s ofdefining success.It is accurate to say that each of us has our own conceptofsuccess to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goalsand determiningwhether we have met these goals satisfactorily.Because each of us possesses unique differencesin genetic ability and favorable

27、environmentsin which to express these abilities,it is necessarilytrue that we must definesuccess broadly.For some people,simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and sufferingisconsidered a success.Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tendshis sheep,enjoys his fru

28、gal life with his family in the beauty of nature,andwho is respected because he doesa good job of achieving the goals expected ofand accepted by his and his society.On the otherhand,it seems that eventhough some people appear to be rich in material possessions,many ofthem seemto be miserable and con

29、sider themselves unsuccessful when judged by theirownstandards of success.Because not all ventures can be successful,one shouldnot setunrealistic goals for achieving success,but if one has self-confidenceit would be unfortunate toset ones goals at too low a level of achievement.A wise counselor once

30、said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his ownprofessionalsuccess:Z/You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to havesuccessin traveling.Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking awalk in the park or ridingthe subway downtown/The counselor added,“You

31、havenot really failed and spoiled yourchances for success until you have beenunsuccessful at something you really like,and to whichyou have given you besteffort/66.In the firstparagraph,the author implies that are essential in achieving success.A.ability and goals B.goals and determinationC.ability

32、and environment D.goals and environment67.The word frugal(Line 3,Para.2)m e a n s.A.wealthy B.wastefulC.thrifty D.miserable68.Some rich peopleconsider themselves unsuccessful b e c a u s e.A.their life is miserableB.they do not live in peaceC.their goals are too lowD.they are not rich enough by thei

33、rown standards69.The last paragraphimplies t h a t.A.we should have high goalsB.success means achieving greatgoalsC.success means taking a walk in theparkD.success means trying one*s best atwhat one really likes70.This passagemainly talks a b o u t.A.the definition of success B.how to achieve succes

34、sC.how to set goalsD.the importance of goals答 案 解 析：Passage 366.C 解 析 推 断 题。由 文 章 第 一 段 最 后 一 句 可 知，由 于 我 们 每 个 人 天 生 的 能 力 和 后 天 成 长 的 环 境 不 同，所 以 我 们 对 成 功 的 定 义 很 泛。由 此 可 以 推 断，作 者 认 为 能 力 和 环 境 是 获 得 成 功 的 基 本 条 件，故 选 C。67.C 解 析 语 义 题。结 合 文 章 第 二 段 第 二 句 中 的 poor shepherd（贫 穷 的 牧 羊 人）和 选 项，可 以 推

35、 断 C 正 确,thrifty意 为“节 俭 的,朴 素 的“；wealthy意 为“富 有 的，wasteful意 为 浪 费 的，miserable意 为“悲 惨 的”，均 排 除。68.D 解 析 细 节 题。文 章 第 二 段 倒 数 第 二 句 指 出，有 的 人 已 经 很 富 有 了 却 认 为 自 己 不 成 功，那 是 因 为 他 们 是 根 据 自 己 的 目 标 判 断 成 功 与 否 的，所 以 D 正 确。69.D 解 析 推 断 题。文 章 最 后 一 句 指 出，在 没 有 尽 全 力 做 自 己 喜 欢 的 事 而 失 败 之 前，失 败 都 不 算 真 正

36、的 失 败。由 此 推 断，文 章 最 后 一 段 暗 示，成 功 就 是 尽 全 力 做 自 己 喜 欢 的 事 情，所 以 D正 确。70.A 解 析 主 旨 题。本 文 第 一 句 是 全 文 的 主 题 句，即 每 个 人 对 成 功 的 定 义 都 不 同。在 接 下 来 的 儿 段 中，作 者 从 不 同 角 度 定 义 了 成 功，所 以 A 正 确。PassagedWhen Mike Kelly firstset out to build his own private spaceferryservice,he figures hisbread-and-butter busin

37、ess would be lofting satelliteinto high earth orbit.Now he thinks he mayhave figured wrong.People werealways asking me when they could go,says Kelly,who runsKelly SpaceTechnology,a realized the real market is in space tourism/According topreliminary market surveys,there are 10 000 would-be space tou

38、rists willingtospend$1 million each to visit the final frontier.Space Adventures in Arlington have takenmorethan 130 deposits for a two-hour;$98 000 space tour tentatively set to occurby 2005.Thismay sound great,but there are a few hurdles.Putting a simplesatellite into orbit-w ith nooxygen,lifesupp

39、ort or return trip necessaryalready costs andastronomical$2 200/kg.And thatdoesnt include the cost of insuring rich andpossibly litigious（爱 打 官 司 的）passengers.Theentiregroup of entrepreneurs trying to corner the space tourism market has betweenthem”justenough money to blow up one rocket”.The U.S.spa

40、ce agency has plenty ofmoney but zero interest in making space less expensive forthe little guys.Sothe little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do:designareusable launch system thats inexpensive,safe and reliable.Kelly Spacesprototype looks like aplane that has sprouted rocket

41、engines.Rotary Rocket inCaliforniahas a booster with rotors tomake a helicopter-style return to earth.The firstpassenger countdowns are still years away,butbureaucrats at the FederalAviation Administration in Washingtonare already informally discussingflight regulations.After all,you cant betoo prep

42、ared for a trip to that galaxy far,far away.71.Which of thefollowing is the best title for the passage?A.Take Vacations in Space B.Building Hotels in SpaceC.Flight Regulations in SpaceTravels D.Cost of Space Traveling72.The phrase/bread-and-butterbusiness,/（Line 2,Pare.l）most probably m e a n s.A.a

43、business to sell bread andbutter B.a business to produce breadand butterC.the business to make a living D.a traveling agency73.How much is the2-hour space tour for each person according to Space Adventures inArlington?A.$1 million.B.$10 000.C.$98 000 D.$2200074.Which of thefollowing is TRUE accordin

44、g to the passage?A.The biggest hurdle for thespace-tourism project is lack of a life supporting system.B.The entrepreneurs trying toexplore the space-tourism have plenty of money.C.The government has littleinterests in this project.D.The first passenger countdowns arewithin a few years.75.Whats the

45、authorstone in the last sentence of the passage?A.Objective.B.Ironical.C.Approving.D.Enthusiastic.答 案 解 析：Passage 471.A 解 析 主 旨 题。通 读 全 文 可 知，文 章 讨 论 的 是 太 空 旅 游 业 的 可 行 性，所 以 A 正 确。其 他 三 项 均 没 有 全 面 概 括 文 章 大 意。72.C 解 析 语 义 题。文 章 第 一 段 首 句 指 出，麦 克 开 始 倒 立 自 己 的 太 空 旅 行 社 时，他 构 想 他 的 将 能 把 人 造 卫 星 送

46、 上 地 球 轨 道。A（卖 面 包 和 黄 油 的 生 意），B（生 产 面 包 和 黄 油 的 生 意），C（谋 生 生 意），D（旅 游 中 介）四 个 选 项 中，C 最 符 合 题 意。bread-and-butter意 为“实 用 的，生 计 的”。73.C 解 析 细 节 题。文 章 第 二 段 第 二 句 指 出，公 司 收 取 了 1 3 0多 份 定 金，费 用 是 两 小 时 98 000美 圆，所 以 C 正 确。74.C 解 析 推 断 题。文 章 第 三 段 提 到，太 空 旅 行 最 大 的 困 难 是 资 金 问 题，美 国 政 府 对 此 没 什 么 兴 趣，

47、所 以 C 正 确。A（计 划 的 最 大 困 难 是 生 命 维 持 系 统 问 题），B（开 发 此 市 场 的 企 业 家 们 有 足 够 的 资 金），D（首 次 航 行 在 几 年 内 就 可 实 现），均 与 原 文 不 符，故 排 除。75.B 解 析 观 点 态 度 题。根 据 上 下 文 可 知，作 者 认 为 实 现 太 空 旅 行 还 很 遥 远，而 有 人 却 已 经 开 始 制 定 规 划 了。作 者 的 话 语 中（that galaxy far,faraway）含 有 讽 刺 意 味，所 以 B 正 确；A（客 观 的）、C（赞 同 的）、D（热 衷 的）均 不

48、正 确。模 拟 题（二）Passage 1What makes Americansspend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home?Theanswers liein the way Americans live today.During the first few decades of the twentiethcentury,canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook fromfull-time duty at the kitchenrange.The

49、n,in the 1940s,work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home thateverbefore,setting the pattern of the working wife and mother.Unless familymembers pitch inwith food preparation,women are not fully liberated from thatchore.Its easier to pick upa bucket of fried chicken on the wa

50、y home from work or take the family outforpizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners aft era long,hard day.Also nowadays,the rising divorce rate means that there aremore single working parents withchildren to feed.And many young adults andelderly people,as well as unma