《新概念》第二册_课文注释学习笔记.pdf

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1、 Lesson one A private conversation私人谈话 NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 生词和短语private adj.私人的its my private letter/house；private school:私立学校public：公众的，公开的public school；public letter 公开信；public place:公共场所privacy：隐私 its a privacy,n.Private Ryan private soldier：大兵private citizen 普通公民 private life：私生活conversati

2、on n.谈话subject of conversation：话题lalk.可以正式，也可以私人的conversation.比较正式一些lets have a talkThey are having a conversation.conversation用的时候比talk正式，意思上往往不非常正式.talk：可正式可不正式dialogue：对话China and Korea are having a dialogue.正式chat:闲聊gossip:嚼舌头have a+talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词theatre n.剧场，戏剧cine

3、m a:电影院seat n.座位have a good seat（place）take a seat:座下来，就座take your seat/take a seatIs the seat taken?这个座位有人吗？no/yessit：sit down,pleaseseat：take your seat,pleasebe seated,please 更为礼貌seat是及物动词，后面有宾语sit是不及物动词，后面不加宾语seat后面会加人；seat sb;seat him;seat:让某人就座sit he is sitting there.you seat him;K语法精粹4.When al

4、l those present（至 lj 场 者）_D_ he began hislecture.（重点题）A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seatedsit,sit down;seat,be seated;take a seatplay n.戏loudly adv.大声的angry ad j.生气的cross=angry;I was angry.He was cross,annoyed:恼火的；I was annoyed.I was angry/cross.I was very angry.be blue in the face;I am blue in the fa

5、ce.angrily adv.生气的副词修饰动词attention n.注意Attention,please.请注意pay attention:注意pay attention to:对什么注意You must pay attention to that gril.pay a little attention:稍加注意pay much attention:多加注意pay more attention:更多注意pay no attention:不用注意bear（bore,bome）v.容忍bear,standI cant bear/stand youendure:忍受，容忍put up with:

6、忍受I got divorced.I could not put up with himbear/stand/endure忍受的极限在加大put up with=bear=standbear n.熊 white bearbear hug:热情（热烈）的拥抱give sb a bear hugbusiness n.事business man:生意人do business:做生意go to some place on business:因公出差I went to Tianjin on business,thing可以指事情,也可以指东西Its my business 私人事情it*s none o

7、f your businessrudely adv.无礼地，粗鲁地rude adj.TEXTLast week I went to the theatre.I had a very good seat.The play was very interesting.I did not enjoy it.A youngman and a young woman were sitting behind me.Theywere talking loudly.I got very angry.I could not hear theactors.I turned round.I looked at the

8、 man and the womanangrily.They did not pay any attention.In the end,I couldnot bear it.I turned round again.I cant hear a word!Isaid angrily.Its none of your business/the young man said rudely.This is a private conversation!1参考译文上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什

9、么。我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：，我一个字也听不见了！，“不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！”【课文讲解】Last weekgo to 由e theatresee a film,go to the cinemago to the+地点 表示去某地干嘛go to the doctors 去看病go to the dairy去牛奶店go to the+人+，s表示去这个人开的店go to the butchers 买肉go to school:去上学go to church:去做礼拜go to hospital(医院)

10、:去看病go to the G reat Wallgo hom e;跟home相连一定表示没有事情可做，回家休息I am at homeenjoy,enjoy oneself:玩的开心enjoy+sth:喜欢，从当中得到一种享受I like something very much./I love something.I enjoy the class.I enjoy the music.I enjoy the book.enjoy the dinner/film/progeam/gamewere sitting:当时正座在过 去 进 行 时 态：过去的某个时间正在发生的动作一个故事的背景往往用

11、进行时态描述I+be+v(ing)The girl was reading a book in the garden.A boy came toher.got:变得，表示一种变化,got angryI am/was angry 是一个事实I got angry:强调变化过程It is hot.It got hot.got取代be动词,got是一个半联系动词，可以直接加形容词说话的时候喜欢用缩略Im not,he isnt,they arent写的时候会说:I am not,he is not,they are notI didn*t do sth,I did not do sthhear:听见

12、hear+人:听见某人的话I could not hear you.Beg your pardon?I couldnt hear you./I couldnt hear a word./I couldnt catchyour words.I couldnt hear you clearly./I couldnt catch your words.Beg your pardon?/I couldnt catch your words.turn round:转头pay any attention表示注意,pay attention;对什么加以注意,pay attentionto sthnot an

13、y=noI could not bear it./you./the noise.I cant hear a word.美音:肯定.lean,否定cant只能根据上下文来定hear a word,a word 等于一句话He didnt say a word.May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?It*s none of your business./None of your business/Its mybusiness.I couldnt bear you.This is private conversation!private:私人的

14、，不想与别人共享I cant hear a word.hear a word of sb(actors)Key stuctures:关键句型Summary writing:摘要写作answer this questions in not more than 55 words.写作当中的第一步从完整句子开始写起 KEY STUCTURES 关键句型Word order in simple statements:简 单陈述句的语序陈述句一定是有主语，有动词，有宾语,有句号看教材第2页6 1 2 3 4 5 6when?Who?Action Who?How?Where?When?Which?Whic

15、h?What?What?Last week1一主语一般有名词或代词构成2-谓语由动词充当3 宾语4 一副词或介词短语，对方式或状态提问，往往做状语Ilike her very much5-地点状语6 一时间状语可以放在句首或句末I like the girl verymuch in Beijing last year.简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语6.Immediately left he.He left immediately.13.The little boy;an apple;this morning;ate greedily;inthe Kitchen.The little boy at

16、e an apple greedily in the Kitchen thismorning.4 G ame;played;yesterday;in their room;the children;quietlyThe children played games quietly in their room yesterday.主语 动词 宾语 状语状语：放在最前面是副词，方式状语,表示状态/程度的状语，下面是地点，然后是时间1.主语和动词不能少2.如果时间和地点连在一起，先放地点，再放时间如果问何时何地,是 个固定搭配when and where Multiple choice questio

17、ns多项选择题Comprehension 理解Strucures 句型Vocabulary 词汇They did not pay any attentionpay attention:注意（在思想上）notice:注意（=see眼睛看）（4）.sitting behindbehind:在 后面in front o f:在 前 面（相对静止的概念）before:在 前 面（+词、句子、一定和时间相连）above:在 上面ahead o f:在 前 面（+时间、位置）（动态的行为）He arrived before six otlock.Before he came backAhead of ti

18、meHe goes ahead of me.(5).c.how-对一个方式、状态提问特殊疑问词对后面的答案提问angry(adj)how(adv.)-对形容词、副词、介词短语提问where-用介词，地点when-用介词，时间why-用 because 回答.d.any用在否定句和疑问句中some-用在肯定句中none-没有任何东西、没有任何人None knows./Noneof us knows.not any=nonot否定词，要放在非实义动词后面He didnt pay attentionno-形容词、修饰名词I dont have any friends./I have no frien

19、ds.I have no time./I dont have any time.(11)suffer:遭受，忍受(精神或肉体上)+痛苦bear:忍受二standI suffer the headache.He often suffers defeat.Lesson two Breakfast or lunch?NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS until prep.直到直到 才；直到 为止后面加（时间状语）从句,前面就是主句1）His father didnt die until he came back.（否定）直到他回来,他爸爸才死。2）His father was al

20、ive until he came back.（肯定）直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的。到他回来这一,点之前,没死：not d ie;活 的：不加not.把 until作为时间终止线从句的时间终点之前，这个动作做了还是没做？做了肯定；没做否定.For he_A（C）_（wait）until it stopped raining.A.waited B.didnt waitA.leave B.left C.didnt leaveI stay in bed until twelve oclock.I didnt get up until 12 oclock.outside adv.外面作状语He i

21、s waiting for me outside.It is cold outside.ring（rang.rung）v.（铃、电话等）响（刺耳的）The telephone（door bell）is ringing.jingle（bell）:（铃儿）响叮当给 某 人 打 电 话:ring sb.Tomorrow Ill ring you.打电话（名）:give sb.a ringremmember to ring me/reember to give me a ring戒指（名词）aunt n.姑，姨，婶，舅妈uncle:叔叔cousin:堂兄妹nephew:外甥niece:外甥女repea

22、t v.重复TEXTIt was Sunday.I never get up early on Sundays.Isometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.Last Sunday I gotup very late.I looked out of the window.It was darkoutside.What a day!,I thought.Itfs raining again/Justthen,the telephone rang.It was my aunt Lucy.Tve justarrived by train,*she said.Em co

23、ming to see you.,But Im still having breakfast,11 said.What are you doing?she asked.Tm having breakfast,I repeated.Dear me,she said.Do you always get up so late?Itsone oclock!*New words and expressions 生词和短语until prep.直到outside adv.外面ring v.（铃、电话等）响aunt n.姑，姨，婶，舅母repeat v.重复参考译文那是个星期天，而在星期天我是从来不早起的，

24、有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上个星期天，我起得很晚。我望望窗外，外面一片昏暗。“鬼天气！”我想，“又下雨了。”正在这时，电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。“我刚下火车，”她说，“我这就来看你。”“但我还在吃早饭，”我说。“你在干什么？”她问道。“我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。“天啊，”她 说,“你总是起得这么晚吗?现在已经1点钟了！”【课文讲解】On Sundays:所有的星期天，每逢星期天neve亡 从 来 不（可以直接用在动词前面）=not（变成否定句，前面一定要加助动词）I dont like her.=I never like her.因为是上个星期，所以时态不是一般现在时0look

25、out of:朝窗外看从.里:from,out ofdark:天很黑What a day?What+a+n.-感叹句It is terrible day.=What a terrible day!What+a/an（+a.）+n.（+主语+谓语）What a terrible day!what a good girl（she is）!What a day!有上下文和一定的语境，才能省略形容词。just then:就在那时如果不知道对方性别，可以用il取代Who are you?/Who is it?just只会出现在 现在完成时by trainb y直接加交通工具（不能有任何修饰词，复数）I

26、go out by bus/on two buses.如果加修饰词，就要换掉byFm coming to see you.我将要来看你。用com e的现在进行时态be coming表示一般将来go,come leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join.Dear me:天哪My god!My dear!Key stru c tu re s关键句型Now,often and Always表示现在和经常发生的动作Now现在进行时（说话的当时正在发生，现阶段正在发生）Often ad Always-般现在时“现阶段”I am working as a te

27、acher.I do./he does.I get up.一般现在时，是一种习惯，真理，是过去，现在和未来都会发生的事情。现在还在睡觉He is still sleeping.频率副词往往放在句子中间，实义动词前，非实义动词后非实义动词：1 .系动词（be）2.助 动 词：帮 助 动 词 构 成 时 态 的(do,does,will,shall,have,had,has)3.情态动词：(must,can,may)p4 Exercisesl.are playing;always play;is kickingnow;is running2.are you doing;am leaving;(用进

28、行时态表达将来Hl:go,come.leave,arrivejoin,return,die,land,meet)别人用什么时态，你就用什么时态 are you leavingcomego(I go to bed hungry.形容词做状语)(rarely 很 少)listendoesnt workfeelSpecial Difficulties 难点What+a/an+a.+n.+主语+谓语W hat对名词感叹3.He is causing a lot of trouble名词rouble主语:he动词:is causingWhat(a lot of)trouble(he is causing

29、)!Multiple choice questions5.not earlylate(adj./adv.)lately(adv.)=recently(how are you goinglately?)A8.Alook(vi.):表示看的动作；后面一定要加介词see(v t.):表示看的结果；后面直接加宾语watch:表示观看；后面直接加宾语，但宾语一定是能够活动的东西11.Dlunch:中餐food:食物dinner:正餐meal:一顿饭频率副词，放在实义动词前，非实义动词后；如果即有实义动词又有非实义动词.要放在两个之间疑问句中副词往往放在主语的后面 Lesson three Please

30、Send Me a CardNEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSsend v.寄，送send sth.to sb./send sb.sthgive sb.sth./give sth.to sb.send/take children to schooltake:某人亲自送send:通过第三人去送postcard n.明信片send him a cardnamecard/visiting card:名片Here is my namecard.ID card:身份证credit card:信用卡cash cardspoil(spoiled or spoilt)v.使索然无味，损坏bre

31、ak:打破spoil:把东西的质量变得不好；生活中不顺心的事;宠坏，溺爱His parents spoiled the boy.宠坏This spoiled my day.What you said spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my hoilday.damage:破坏，程度不一定很重destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁museum n.博物馆Palace Museum:故宫public ad j.公共的privatepublic shool/place/house(pub:吧)in private:私下里的in public:公开的Why not have a co

32、nversation in public?friendly ad j.友好的lovely adj.waiter n.服务员,招待员waiterwaitresschief waitershop assistantattendantlend v.借给borrow fromlend sth.to sblend sb.sth.decision n.决定v.decidemake a big/great dicisionwhole ad j.整个的all the.the whole.single ad j.唯一的，单一的doubleTextPostcards always spoil my holiday

33、s.Last summer,Iwent to Italy.I visited museums and sat in public gardens.A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.Thenhe lent me a book.I read a few lines,but I did notunderstand a word.Everyday I thought about postcards.My holidays passed quickly,but I did not send cards to myfriends.On t

34、he last day I made a big decision.I got upearly and bought thirty-seven cards.I spent the whole dayin my room,but I did not write a single card!参考译文明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了 37张明信

35、片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！【课文讲解】The baby spoilded my night.Italian/Italyan d 先后往往是对等的概念teach sb.sth.a little ItalianI can speak a little English/a few words of Englishthink about:考虑，思考think over:仔细考虑last:表 示H上 一 个 或,*最后一个“，表 示 最后一个”时要加冠词theI spend the whole day in my room.spend+时间+地点I spend three

36、hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.reviewspoilsend/lend/teach sb.sth.send/lend/teach sth.to sb Special Difficulties双宾语：直接宾语（表示动作结果）和间接宾语（动作目标）give sb.sth.s b:间接宾语sth:直接宾语间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to（对而言）或 for（为.而做）

37、give a book to me.I buy a book for youtake flowers to my wife.order soup for you.可 以 翻 译 为 给 、替、为 的，就 用 fo r;如果只能翻译为 给 的，就用to与 for 相连的 buy,order,make,findfind sth.for sb.do sb.a favor帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me.Exercisel.He paid some money to the shop-keeper.3.The writer brought th

38、e man a bottle of beer.What do you think of?What do you think of the weather today?cold,chilly,freeze,Fil freeze.What do you think of TV program last night?send somebody somethingsend something to somebodygive,take,pass,read,sell,buyfind something for somebodymake buy Do a favor for me.Can I order s

39、omething for you?Multiple choice questions4.找特殊疑问词的时候一定要根据答案来决定who whom人做主语提问-who 对宾语提问-whom如果对主语提问，则句子的的语序和陈述句语序一样如果对非主语来提问，则句子要使用特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序A 正确Who/Whom did the waiter teach a few words of Italian?5.He spoke to the writer like a friend.in.way:以.方式D 正确friendly单独用，形容词，一般做定语来用作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用 短

40、 语 in afriendly way7.whole all the day;all of usC正确a l l o f后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修修饰词一旦要加名词，前面一定要加t h eal l o f t h e f r ie n d s al l o f t h e s t u d e n t sl O.t h e l as t d ay,f in al-形容词 e n d-名词/动词b o t t o m-名词 形 容 词 修 饰d ayl at e s t:最新的 l at e s t n e w s l at e s t s t y l e1 1.t h in k ab o

41、u t:考虑、思考、想m ak e u p o n e s m in d:下定决心c h an g e o n e s m in d:改变主意m ak e a w is h :愿望B正确【KEY STRUCTURESd ie s有具体的过去时间一定是具体的过去式一般现在时 Le s s o n 4 A n e x c it in g t r ip 激动人心的旅行N E W WO RD S A N D E XP RE SSIO N S 生词和短语e x c it in g ad j.令人兴奋的e x c it e:激动e x c it e d:-e d:自己感到-in g:令人感到e x c i

42、t in g b o yin t e r e s t in g m anTh e m an is in t e r e s t in g.Th e n e w s e x c it in g,I am e x c it e d其宾语一定是人Th e n e w s e x c it e d m e.让后面的人感到.in t e r e s t in g:令人感到有趣的in t e r e s t e d:感到有意思的Th e b o o k in t e r e s t s m e.r e c e iv e v.接受，收到ac c e pt：同意接收r e c e iv e:客观的收到Th i

43、s m o r n in g I r e c e iv e d a b u n c h o f f l o w e r s f r o m ab o y,b u t I d id n，t ac c e ptit.t ak e t ak e t h e e x am：接收考试；t ak e ad v ic e 接收建议r e c e iv e/h av er e c e iv e/h av e a l e t t e r f r o m s o m e b o d y.f ir m n.商行，公司c o m pan yd if f e r e n t ad j.不同的c e n t r e n.

44、中心ab r o ad ad v.在国外副词，直接和动词连用g o ar o adl iv e ab r o ads t u d y ab r o adTe x t I h av e j u s t r e c e iv e d a l e t t e r f r o m m y b r o t h e r,Tim.He is in A u s t r al ia.He h as b e e n t h e r e f o r s ixm o n t h s.Tim is an e n g in e e r.He is w o r k in g f o r a b igf ir m an d

45、h e h as al r e ad y v is it e d a g r e at n u m b e r o fd if f e r e n t pl ac e s in A u s t r al ia.He h as j u s t b o u g h tan A u s t r al ian c ar an d h as g o n e t o A l ic e s pr in g s,a s m al l t o w n in t h e c e n t r e o f A u s t r al ia.He w il ls o o n v is it D ar w in.F r o

46、 m t h e r e,h e w il l f l y t o P e r t h.M y b r o t h e r h as n e v e r b e e n ab r o ad b e f o r e,s o h e isf e n d in g t h is t r ip v e r y e x c it in g.参考译文我刚刚收到弟弟蒂姆的来信，他正在澳大利亚。他在那儿已经住了6个月了。蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了。他刚买了 一辆澳大利亚小汽车，现在去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯。他不久还将到达达尔文去，从那里，他再飞往珀斯。我弟

47、弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。【课文讲解】读音语调要顿拙一些r e c e iv e d a l e t t e r f r o m j u s t 和完成时连用months one month two monthsr have arrived in Beijing,has beenHe has been in Beijing for one year.has been+in 地点He has been in America for tow years.连读work for work in 强调地点 work for 强调 workI am working for a s

48、chool.I am working in the New Oriental school.a great number of:a lot ofa great number o f 后面一定要加可数名词复数a lot o f 可加可数名词也可加不可数名词i have a lot of friendsI have a great number of friends.has gone to:去了某地没回来has been to:曾经去过某地，现在不在那个地方Have you been to Paris?soon:很 快（时间）from there:从那地方起from即可以加时间又可以加地点from

49、 half past 8 to half past 11from Beijing to Tianjingfly to Perth:go to Perth by airbefore 副词，在此之前 现在完成时态的标志find trip excitingfind+宾语+形容词做宾补 find the room cleanfind her happyis finding Im finding.语法精粹H下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时believe;doubt see hear know understand belongthinkconsider feel look seem

50、 show mind have sound tasterequire possess care like hate love detest desirearrive不能和断时间连用用进行时态表示将来时态的：go come leave arrive第 3 课关键句型：一般过去式 第 4课关键句型：现在完成式第 5课：一般过去式和现在完成式的相同点，不同点，用的时候要注意什么下面几个同一出现就标志着完成式：just beforealreadyreceive take他到某地有多久了。He has been.I have been here for three years.find:发现，找到fin