2012高考英语阅读理解训练题.pdf

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1、2012高考英语阅读理解训练题ADo American children still learn handwriting in school?In the age of thekeyboard,some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out.90%ofteachers say they are required to teach handwriting.But studies have yet to answerthe question of how well they are teaching it.One s

2、tudy published this year foundthat about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teachhandwriting.Some teachers are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for10 15 minutes a day,and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to70 minutes a day-which really for han

3、dwriting is pretty much.Many adults remember learning that way by copying letters over and over again.Today s thinking is that short periods of practice are better.Many experts alsothink handwriting should not be taught by itself.Instead,they say it should beused as a way to get students to express

4、ideas.After all,that is why we write.Handwriting involves two skills.One is legibility,which means forming theletters so they can be read.The other is fluency-writing without having to thinkabout it.Fluency continues to develop up until high school.But not everyone masters these skills.Teachers comm

5、only report that about onefourth of their kids have poor handwriting.Some people might think handwriting isnot important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs.Bu t St e v e G r a h a m a t V a n d e r b i l t s a y s w o r d p r o ce s s i n g i s r a r e l y d o n e i n e l e

6、 m e n t a r ys ch o o l,e s p e ci a l l y i n t h e e a r l y y e a r s.Am e r i ca n ch i l d r e n t r a d i t i o n a l l y f i r s t l e a r nt o p r i n t,a n d t h e n t o w r i t e i n cu r s i v e,w h i ch co n n e ct s t h e l e t t e r s.Bu t g u e s s w h a tw e l e a r n e d f r o m a

7、s p o k e s w o m a n f o r t h e Co l l e g e Bo a r d,w h i ch a d m i n i s t e r s t h e SATco l l e g e a d m i s s i o n t e s t.M o r e t h a n 7 5 p e r ce n t o f s t u d e n t s ch o o s e t o p r i n t t h e i r e s s a yo n t h e t e s t r a t h e r t h a n w r i t e i n cu r s i v e.语篇解

8、读文章介绍了在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况。1.W e ca n l e a r n f r o m P a r a g r a p h 1.A.t e a ch i n g h a n d w r i t i n g i s a b a s i c r e q u i r e m e n t i n t e a ch i n g j o bB.m o s t t e a ch e r s p r e f e r t o t e a ch h a n d w r i t i n gC.t e a ch e r s s p e n d l i t t l e t i m e i n t e

9、a ch i n g h a n d w r i t i n gD.a k e y b o a r d h a s t a k e n t h e p l a ce o f t h e h a n d w r i t i n g e n t i r e l y 解析推理判断题。根据第一段 中“9 0%o f t e a ch e r s s a y t h e y a r e r e q u i r e d t o t e a chh a n d w r i t i n g”可知书法教学是基本的教学要求，A项为正确推论。根据“O n e s t u d y p u b l i s h e dt

10、 h i s y e a r f o u n d t h a t a b o u t t h r e e o u t o f e v e r y f o u r t e a ch e r s s a y t h e y a r e n o t p r e p a r e dt o t e a ch h a n d w r i t i n g,可知，很多老师不愿意教书法课，B项错误；根据第一段末句可知C项错误；根据全段判断，只是说键盘普及使一些人认为书法渐渐过时了，D项错误。答案A2.Which of the following is WR ONG for traditional handwri

11、ting in the USA?A.The students are taught by practicing a long period.B.The letters are repeated many times.C.Handwriting includes two skills.D.To write in cursive is taught first.解析细节认定题。根据第二段可知，传统的书法教学重复很多遍并且持续时间长，因此A、B 两项内容正确。根据第三段第一句可知C 项内容正确；根据最后一段第二句可知D 项内容错误。答案D3.The underlined word“legibilit

12、y”in Paragraph 3 means.A.easy to read B.complexC.unexpected D.unreadable 加 军 析 推测词义题。根据下文“which means forming the letters so they can be read”可推测画线词的意思是“清楚，易读”。答案A4.The best title for the passage isA.H o w t o i m p r o v e h a n d w r i t i n g i n s ch o o lB.Ri g h t o r w r o n g:t h e d e a t h

13、 o f h a n d w r i t i n gC.H a n d w r i t i n g i n v o l v e s t w o s k i l l sD.H a n d w r i t i n g l e s s o n s a r e o n t h e w a y o u t 解析标题归纳题。作者对美国书法教学的现状作了叙述，没有自己的主观评论，故选择B。A 项没有涉及，C 项只是其中一部分内容，D 项只是一部分人的观点。答案B5.Th e a u t h o rJ s a t t i t u d e t o w a r d s w h e t h e r s t i l

14、l t o l e a r n h a n d w r i t i n g i n s ch o o lis.A.n e g a t i v e B.o b j e ct i v eC.cr i t i ca l D.o p t i m i s t i c 解析态度判断题。根据全文的叙述，作者只是将美国书法教学的现状和不同人的观点呈现出来，并没有发表自己的见解，因此作者持客观的态度。答案B 长难句解读O n e s t u d y p u b l i s h e d t h i s y e a r f o u n d t h a t a b o u t t h r e e o u t o f

15、e v e r yf o u r t e a ch e r s s a y t h e y a r e n o t p r e p a r e d t o t e a ch h a n d w r i t i n g.今年公布的一项研究发现，大约每四个教师中就有三个说他们不准备教书法了。p u b l i s h e d t h i s y e a r 为过去分词短语作后置定语,f o u n d 后面为宾语从句，其中又含有一个宾语从句t h e y a r e n o t p r e p a r e dt o t e a ch h a n d w r i t i n goBSa t u r

16、d a y,O ct o b e r 7 t h,w a s a m a r a t h o n o f s a d t a s k s f o r An n a P o l i t k o v s k a y a.Tw ow e e k s e a r l i e r,h e r f a t h e r,a r e t i r e d o f f i ci a l i n t h e d e p a r t m e n t o f f o r e i g n a f f a i r s,h a d d i e d o f a h e a r t a t t a ck a s h e e m

17、e r g e d f r o m t h e M o s co w M e t r o w h i l e o n h i s w a y t ov i s i t P o l i t k o v s k a y a s m o t h e r,Ra i s a M a z e p a,i n t h e h o s p i t a l.Sh e h a d j u s t b e e nd i a g n o s e d （诊断）w i t h ca n ce r a n d w a s t o o w e a k e v e n t o a t t e n d h e r h u s b

18、 a n d ,s f u n e r a l.“Y o u r f a t h e r w i l l f o r g i v e m e,b e ca u s e h e k n o w s t h a t I h a v e a l w a y s l o v e d h i m,“s h et o l d An n a a n d h e r s i s t e r,E l e n a K u d i m o v a,t h e d a y h e w a s b u r i e d.A w e e k l a t e r,s h eh a d a n o p e r a t i o

19、n a n d s i n ce t h e n An n a a n d E l e n a h a d b e e n t a k i n g t u r n s h e l p i n g h e rd e a l w i t h h e r g r i e f.P o l i t k o v s k a y a w a s s u p p o s e d t o s p e n d t h e d a y a t t h e h o s p i t a l,b u t h e rt w e n t y-s i x-y e a r-o l d d a u g h t e r,w h o

20、w a s p r e g n a n t,h a d j u s t m o v e d i n t o P o l i t k o v s k a y a s a p a r t m e n t,o n L e s n a y a St r e e t,w h i l e h e r o w n p l a ce w a s b e i n g p r e p a r e d f o r t h e b a b y.“An n a h a d s o m u ch o n h e r m i n d,“E l e n a K u d i m o v a t o l d m e w h e

21、n w e m e t i n L o n d o n,b e f o r eCh r i s t m a s.An d s h e w a s t r y i n g t o f i n i s h h e r a r t i cl e.P o l i t k o v s k a y a w a s a s p e ci a lr e p o r t e r f o r t h e s m a l l n e w s p a p e r N o v a y a G a z e t a,a n d,l i k e m o s t o f h e r w o r k,t h e p i e ce

22、f o cu s e d o n t h e t e r r o r t h a t ca n b e s e e n a l l o v e r t h e s o u t h e r n r e p u b l i c o f Ch e ch n y a.Th i s t i m e,s h e h a d b e e n t r y i n g t o r e p o r t r e p e a t e d cr u e l a ct s d o n e b y p e o p l e f a i t h f u lt o t h e P r i m e M i n i s t e r,

23、Ra m z a n K a d y r o v,w h o a r e i n f a v o u r o f Ru s s i a.I n t h e p a s t s e v e ny e a r s,P o l i t k o v s k a y a h a d w r i t t e n d o z e n s o f a cco u n t s o f l i f e d u r i n g w a r t i m e;m a n yh a d b e e n co l l e ct e d i n h e r b o o k “A Sm a l l Co r n e r o f

24、 H e l l:r e p o r t s f r o m Ch e ch n y a.P o l i t k o v s k a y a w a s f a r m o r e l i k e l y t o s p e n d t i m e i n a h o s p i t a l t h a n o n a b a t t l e f i e l d,a n d h e r w r i t i n g b o r e f r e q u e n t w i t n e s s t o r o b b e r y,a n d t h e u n co n t r o l l e d

25、cr u e l t y o fl i f e i n a p l a ce t h a t f e w o t h e r Ru s s i a n s-a n d a l m o s t n o o t h e r r e p o r t e r s一ca r e d t ot h i n k a b o u t.1.P o l i t k o v s k a y a s f a t h e r d i e d o f .A.t i r e d n e s s B.a h e a r t d i s e a s e C.a n a t t a ck D.a n a cci d e n t【

26、答案与解析】答案B。从第2句 中 的“h a d d i e d o f a h e a r t a t t a ck”可知B选项是正确答案。C选项a t t a ck是“攻击”的意思，而文中出现的是h e a r t a t t a ck,“心脏病”，因此C选项偷换了概念；其他选项与文中相关的表述不相干。2.F r o m t h e t e xt we k n o w t h a t R a i s a M a ze p a .A.d i d n,t l o ve h e r h us b a n dB.d i d n,t a t t e n d h e r h us b a n d?s

27、fun e r a lC.wa s h a vi n g a n o p e r a t i o n t h e d a y h e r h us b a n d wa s b ur i e dD.wa s t o o s a d t o a t t e n d h e r h us b a n dJ s fun e r a l【答案与解析】答案B。从3、4、5三句可知B选项是正确选项，其他三个选项与文中的表述不一致。3.T h e un d e r l i n e d wo r d “e m e r ge d“m o s t l i k e l y m e a n sA.c a m e o

28、ut B.we n t i n t o C.d i s a p p e a r e d D.l e ft fo r【答案与解析】答案A。介词“fr o m”表示动作的出处、来源，而后面的介词宾语是“t h eM o s c o w M e t r o”,可 知“M o s c o w M e t r o”是“e m e r ge d”这一动作的起源地，因此，A选项符合原文的意思。4.H o w m a n y fa m i l y m e m b e r s o f A n n a a r e m e n t i o n e d i n t h e p a s s a ge?A.T h r e

29、 e.B.F o ur C.F i ve D.S i x【答案与解析】4.答案C。文中提到P o l i t k o vs k a ya姐妹俩，以及她的父母、女儿。5.W h i c h o f t h e fo l l o wi n g wo r d s c a n b e s t d e s c r i b e P o l i t k o vs k a ya,s c h a r a c t e r?A.C ur i o us B.e a s y-go i n g C.c a r e l e s s D.r e s p o n s i b l e【答案与解析】答案 D。从 uP o l i

30、t k o vs k a ya wa s a s p e c i a l r e p o r t e r fo r t h e s m a l ln e ws p a p e r N o va ya G a ze t a,”一 直 到 文章的结尾，作者简述了 P o l i t k o vs k a ya敢于直面社会的不良现象的正值性格，而这是其他记者所不屑的，因此D选项是正确答案。CA S o ut h a m p t o n U n i ve r s i t y t e a m fo un d t h a t p e o p l e wh o we r e ve ge t a r i a

31、n s b y 30 h a dr e c o r d e d fi ve I Q p o i n t s h i gh e r o n a ve r a ge a t t h e a ge o f 10.R e s e a r c h e r s s a i d i t c o ul de xp l a i n wh y p e o p l e wi t h a h i gh e r I Q we r e h e a l t h i e r a s a ve ge t a r i a n d i e t wa s l i n k e dt o l o we r h e a r t d i s

32、 e a s e a n d o b e s i t y r a t e s.T h e s t ud y o f 8,17 9 p e o p l e wa s r e p o r t e di n t h e B r i t i s h M e d i c a l Jo ur n a l.T we n t y ye a r s a ft e r t h e I Q t e s t s we r e c a r r i e d o ut i n 19 7 0,36 6 o f t h e p a r t i c i p a n t ss a i d t h e y we r e ve ge

33、t a r i a n s 一 a l t h o ugh m o r e t h a n 100 r e p o r t e d e a t i n g e i t h e r fi s ho r c h i c k e n.M e n wh o we r e ve ge t a r i a n s h a d a n I Q s c o r e o f 106,c o m p a r e d wi t h 101 fo rn o n-ve ge t a r i a n s;wh i l e fe m a l e ve ge t a r i a n s a ve r a ge d 104,c

34、 o m p a r e d wi t h 9 9 fo rn o n-ve ge t a r i a n s.T h e r e wa s n o d i ffe r e n c e i n t h e I Q s c o r e s,b e t we e n s t r i c tve ge t a r i a n s a n d t h o s e wh o s a i d t h e y we r e ve ge t a r i a n s b ut r e p o r t e d e a t i n g fi s h o rc h i c k e n.R e s e a r c h

35、e r s s a i d t h e fi n d i n gs we r e p a r t l y r e l a t e d t o b e t t e r e d uc a t i o n a n d h i gh e rc l a s s,b ut i t r e m a i n e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y s i gn i fi c a n t a ft e r a d jus t i n g fo r t h e s e fa c t o r s.V e ge t a r i a n s we r e m o r e l i k e l y t

36、o b e fe m a l e,t o b e o f h i gh e r s o c i a l c l a s s a n d t oh a ve h i gh e r a c a d e m i c o r vo c a t i o n a l q ua l i fi c a t i o n s t h a n n o n-ve ge t a r i a n s.H o we ve r,t h e s e d i ffe r e n c e s we r e n o t r e fl e c t e d i n t h e i r a n n ua l i n c o m e,wh

37、i c h wa s s i m i l a r t ot h a t o f n o n-ve ge t a r i a n s.Le a d r e s e a r c h e r C a t h a r i n e G a l e s a i d,“T h e fi n d i n gs t h a t c h i l d r e n wi t h gr e a t e ri n t e l l i ge n c e a r e m o r e l i k e l y t o r e p o r t b e i n g ve ge t a r i a n s a s a d ul t s

38、,t o ge t h e r wi t ht h e e vi d e n c e o n t h e p o t e n t i a l b e n e fi t s o f a ve ge t a r i a n d i e t o n h e a r t h e a l t h,m a y-h e l p t o e xp l a i n wh y a h i gh e r I Q i n c h i l d h o o d o r a d o l e s c e n c e i s l i n k e d wi t h a r e d uc e dr i s k o f c o r

39、o n a r y h e a r t d i s e a s e i n a d ul t l i fe.B ut D r F r a n k i e P h i l l i p s o f t h e B r i t i s h D i e t e t i c A s s o c i a t i o n s a i d,I t _ i s _ l i k e_ t h e _ c h i c k e n _ a n d _ e gg.D o p e o p l e b e c o m e ve ge t a r i a n s b e c a us e t h e y h a ve a v

40、e r y h i ghT Q o r i s i t jus t t h a t t h e y a r e c l e ve r e n o ugh t o b e m o r e a wa r e o f h e a l t h i s s ue s?”语篇解读研究表明，素食和高智商有一定的关系。1.W h a t s t h e r e s ul t o f t h e r e s e a r c h m e n t i o n e d i n t h e t e xt?A.I n t e l l i ge n t c h i l d r e n a r e m o r e l i k

41、 e l y t o b e c o m e ve ge t a r i a n s l a t e r i n l i fe.B.C h i l d r e n wi t h a h i gh e r I Q a r e l e s s 1 i k e l y t o h a ve h e a r t d i s e a s e l a t e r i n l i fe.C.I n t e l l i ge n t c h i l d r e n t e n d t o b e l o n g t o h i gh e r s o c i a l c l a s s l a t e r i

42、n l i fe.D.C h i l d r e n wi t h a h e a l t h i e r h e a r t t e n d t o h a ve a h i gh e r I Q l a t e r i n l i fe.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的up e o p l e wh o we r e ve ge t a r i a n s b y 30 h a dr e c o r d e d fi ve I Q p o i n t s h i gh e r o n a ve r a ge a t t h e a ge o f 10”可知 A 项正确。根 据i tc o u

43、l d e xp l a i n wh y.可知这一结果可帮助解释B项中的现象，但.B项并非这次研究的结果。故本题选A。答案A2.I t wa s fo un d i n t h e r e s e a r c h t h a t .A.m o s t o f t h e p a r t i c i p a n t s b e c a m e ve ge t a r i a n s 20 ye a r s a ft e r t h e I Q t e s t s we r ec a r r i e d o utB.ve ge t a r i a n s wh o a t e fi s h o

44、r c h i c k e n we r e o f s i m i l a r i n t e l l i ge n c e wi t h s t r i c tve ge t a r i a n sC.fe m a l e ve ge t a r i a n s we r e m o r e l i k e l y t o h a ve h i gh e r a n n ua l i n c o m e t h a nn o n-ve ge t a r i a n sD.ve ge t a r i a n s we r e m o r e l i k e l y t o h a ve h

45、i gh e r a n n ua l i n c o m e t h a nn o n-ve ge t a r i a n s 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“T h e r e wa s n o d i ffe r e n c e i n t h e I Q s c o r e sb e t we e n s t r i c t ve ge t a r i a n s a n d t h o s e wh o s a i d t h e y we r e ve ge t a r i a n s b ut r e p o r t e de a t i n g fi s h o r c h i

46、 c k e n”可知答案。答案B3.C a t h a r i n e G a l e t a l k e d a b o ut ab e i n g ve ge t a r i a n s“i n a(n)w ay.A.d o ub t ful B.fa vo r a b l eC.n e ga t i ve D.o b je c t i ve 解析推理判断题。根据第六段可知C a t h a r i n e G a l e 只是客观地讲述研究结果，并没有表示自己的立场。故选D项。答案D4.W h a t d o e s t h e un d e r l i n e d s e n t e

47、 n c e i n t h e l a s t p a r a gr a p h m e a n?A.I n t e l l i ge n c e i s l i n k e d t o n o t jus t b e i n g a ve ge t a r i a n b ut t o m a n y fa c t o r s.B.T h e r a t e o f ge t t i n g h e a r t d i s e a s e i s l i n k e d t o yo ur l i fe s t yl e.C.T h e l i n k b e t we e n a h i

48、 gh T Q a n d b e i n g a ve ge t a r i a n i s s t i l l un c e r t a i n.D.T h e l i n k b e t we e n a h e a l t h y h e a r t a n d d i e t r e m a i n s t o b e p r o ve d.解析推理判断题。文章最后一句的意思是：人们成为素食者是因为他们智商高还是因为他们足够聪明而更注意健康问题？由此可见D r F r a n k i e P h i l l i p s 认为素食和高智商的因果关系尚未明确，就像弄不清楚是因为有蛋才有鸡

49、，还是因为有鸡才有蛋样。故 C项正确。答案C5.W h a t s t h e b e s t t i t l e fo r t h e t e xt?A.G e t m o r e I Q p o i n t s!B.B e a ve ge t a r i a n,p l e a s e!C.V e ge t a r i a n d i e t c ut s h e a r t r i s kD.A h i gh I Q i s l i n k e d t o b e i n g a ve ge t a r i a n 解析标题概括题。本文介绍了一项研究结果：素食与高智商有关，故 D 项正确

50、。作者并未提出建议，所以A、B两项错误；文章中虽然提到了心脏病，但不是文章的主旨，故C 项错误。答案D 长难句解读(1)A So u t h a m p t o n Un i v e r s i t y t e a m f o u n d t h a t p e o p l e w h o w e r ev e g e t a r i a n s b y 3 0 h a d r e c o r d e d f i v e IQ p o i n t s h i g h e r o n a v e r a g e a t t h e a g e o f 10.本句是含有定语从句的复合句。w h o