八年级英语语法知识点人教版语法加练习题.pdf
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1、八年级英语语法知识点总析词语链接:1.translate(v.)-translatio n(n.)-translato r(IL 人),p ro no unc e(v.)一p ro nunc iatio n(n.)advise(v.)-advic e(U.n.),imp ro ve(v.)-imp ro vement(n.),b reath e(v.)一b reath (n.)2.c o rrec t(v.;adj.=righ t)-wro ng 3.rep eat=say again 4.write/sp ell(v.)一writing/sp elling(n.)5.b ase(n./v.)
2、-b asic (adj.)6.rememb er-fo rget,sh y-o utgo ing(sh y-sh yer/sh ier-sh yest/sh iest),start-end,deep -lo w(反义词)7.start二 b egin/o p en(同义词)8.fo rget-fo rgo t-fo rgo tten,h ear-h eard-h eard,send-sent-sent9.o th er与 else(别的,其它的)else 作形容词时,通常放在疑问代词 wh at 或 anyth ing,so meth ing,no th ing,no b o dy,等不定代
3、词之 后:else作副词时,通常放在疑问副词或 anywh ere等不定副词之后。o th er作形容词,通常放在被修饰的名词之前;。th er还可作代词。A.1.Wh at else do yo u want?Is th ere anyb o dy else in th e ro o m?2.Wh en else c an I c o me?Wo uld yo u like to go so mewh ere else?B.Please c o me so me o th er day.请改日再来。Do yo u want any o th er c o lo urs?10.eac h 与
4、everyeac h 指两者或多者,强调个体情况,既是代词,又是形容词,常作主语/宾语/同位语等。every指三者或三者以上,强调全体情况,只是形容词,只作定语(与all近义)例:1.Eac h o f th em h as a b ag with th em.(主)2.He gave o ne to eac h o f us two.(宾)3.Eac h b o y h as a b all in th eir h ands.(定)4.T h ey eac h h ave fo ur wh eels.(同)5.Every student h as go ne to th e sh o p.(
5、定语)二All o f th e students h ave go ne toth e sh o p.注意:1).eac h 和 every作定语时,后面名词只用单数,谓语动词用单数。(例3、5)eac h 作同位语时,谓语和其前面的主语保持一致。(例4)2).eac h o f后面接带th e的复数名词或复数宾格代词,谓语动词用单数。3).“eve;ry+基数词+复数名词”或“every+序数词+单数名词”表“每(隔)一一”的意思。伤1.T h e Olymp ic Games are h eld every fo ur years(every fo urth year).2.every
6、o th er day(每隔一天)二every two days11.h o p e与 wish (wish 常用于表示某种愿望,实现的可能性较h o p e小)A.I h o p e(th at)I c an visit th e Great Wall next week.(接宾语从句)I h o p e to visit th e Great Wall next week.(接不定式作宾语)简单应答语:I h o p e s o.(我希望如此)I h o p e no t.(我希望不是);wish 不能用。B.I wish (th at)I could fly to th e mo o n
7、 so me day.(宾语从句常用虚拟语气)I wish to fly to th e mo o n so me day.(接不定式作宾语)I wish yo u to have a p leasant j o urney.(wish 后接不定式作宾语补足语)I wish yo u a p leasant j o urney.(wish 后可接双宾语)I wish yo u h ap p y all yo ur life.(wish +宾语+宾语补足语 adj.)12.advic e 不可数名词,可用名量词短语修饰 a p iec e o f adv ic e,so me p iec es
8、o f advic egive sb.so me advic e(给某人提建议);ask(sb.)fo r so me advic e(向某人征求建议)二.短语:1.matc h-with-2.translate-into-=p ut-into 3.write do wn_=p ut do wn如果接名词,可放在后面或中间;如果接代 词,只能放在中间。write do wn th ese wo rds 二 write th ese wo rds do wn 二 write it/th em do wn4.eac h o th er=o ne ano th er (eac h o th er 两
9、者之间;o ne ano th er 多者之间”)LiLei and I o ften h elp eac h o th er.T h ey c o mp lain to o ne ano th er.5.enj o y o neself=h ave a go o d/nic e/wo nderful time 6.all th e time=always_7.b o rro w sth.fro m sb.-lend sth.to sb.8.p en friend=p enp al9.go with 10.watc h /see a film 11.write-to12.give sb.so
10、me advic e o n/ab o ut(do ing)sth.与 ask fo r so me advic eo n/ab o ut(do ing)sth.13.do so me c o nc erts 14.h elp sb.with sth.=h elpsb.(to)do sth.15.make a m i s t a k e 16.send sb.sth.=sendsth.to sb.17.enj o y(do ing)sth.enj o y o neself(do ing sth.)18.talkab o ut sb./sth.with sb.19.sp eak to sb.20
11、.take a(deep)b reath _21.h ave a c o nversatio n with sb.22.p rac tise(do ing)sth.23.sh o w/takesb.aro und s om e pl a ce 24.b e go o d/b ad fo r;b e go o d to sb.;b e go o d at25.say h ello to-26.th e Englishname fo r27.b e go o d at 与 do well inb e go o d a t 擅起,表示长久性的爱好,不能用于表具体的二次性的行为,常用一般时。do we
12、ll i n 在某方面做得好,可用于表长久性也可用于一次性的行为,可用各种时态。例:He is go o d at singing.=He do es well is singing.H e d id v e r y w e l l ie t h e s p o r t s me e t in g l a s t y e a r.2 8.t h e n u mb e r of-的数量(谓语用单数形式)a n u mb e r o f -许多的-(修饰可数名词复数,谓语用复数形式)例:T h e n u mb e r o f t h e s t u d e n t s in o u r c l
13、a s s is 5 2.A n u mb e r o f s t u d e n t s 塞 p l a n t in g t r e e s.2 9.in t h e o r d e r 3 0.f o r e x a mp l e 与 s u c h a s 3 1.1 e a r n-f r o m-3 2.o n t h e I n t e r n e t/r a d io 3 3.in groups 3 4.ma k e a s t u d y p l a nf o r 3 5.t h in k a b o u t 3 6.o n t h e p h o n e 3 7.a d v
14、 is e s b.(n o t)t o d o s t h.3 8.l o o k s t h.u p in t h e d ic t io n a r y3 9.in v it e s b.t o s o me p l a c ein v it e s b.t o a n a c t iv it ys o me p l a c e _ _ _in v it e s b.t o d o s t h.4 0.l e a v e s t h.K f o r g e t 与 l e a v e忘记某物或忘记 做 某事用f o r g e t,后可接名词、代词、不定式或动名词作宾语。例:I f o
15、r g o t my E n g l is h b o o k,a n d my mo t h e r f o r g o t t o r e min d (提醒)me t h e n.把某物忘在某 处 用 l e a v e,常 以 l e a v e s t h.s o me p l a c e 形式出现。例:I l e a v e my E n g l is h b o o k in t h e r e a d in g r o o m.三.重 点 句 式:1.建议句式:1).d o)2).3).4).5).6).7).幽8).原形)9).物1 0).t o d o)1 1).W o u
16、 l d y o u l ik e t o g o t o t h e p a r k w it h u s?W o u l d y o u p l e a s e o p e n t h e d o o r f o r me?C o u l d y o u g iv e me a h a n d,p l e a s e?S h a l l w e g o t o t h e p a r k t o g e t h e r?W h y d o n,t y o u w r it e it d o w n?=W h y n o t w r it e itH o w/W h a t a b o u
17、t g o in g s w immin g?I h o p e I c a n f in is h t h e w o r k in a n h o u r.(用动词时用不定式t o(用动词时用动词原形)(用动词时用动词原形)(用动词时用动词原形)d o w n?(用动词时用动词原形)(用动词时用动名词d o in g)(用动词时用动词原L e t s p l a y f o o t b a l l o n t h e p l a y g r o u n d,s h a l l w e?Y o u,d b e t t e r (n o t)g o t o t h e mo u n t a i
18、n t o d a y.I t s b e t t e r t o w e a r w a r m c l o t h e s w h e n y o u g o o u t.I t s a g o o d id e a t o c h e c k y o u r n o t e b o o k e v e r y d a y.(用动词时用动调(用动词时用动词原(用动词时用不定式(用动词时用丕定式 t o d o)1 2).Y o u s h o u l d a l w a y s s p e a k E n g l is h in c l a s s.(用动词时用动词原形)13).T ry
19、no t to translate every wo rd.(用动词不定式(no t)todo)2.welc o me(sb.)to 欢迎(某人)到 welc o me(sb.)b ac k to 欢迎(某人)回到例:Welc o me(yo u)to Ch ina/my sc h o o l/my h o me Welc o me(yo u)b ac k to Ch ina/sc h o o l!Welc o me b ac k h o me/h ere!(h o me,h ere adv.副词前不用介词)3.It s a go o d idea to do sth,做某事是个好主意T h
20、at s a go o d idea.=Go o d idea.好主意It s diffic ult to rememb er new wo rds.(动词不定式做真正的主语)4.T ry no t to translate every wo rd.(动词不定式做 try 的宾语)try to do sth.=do o ne s b est to do sth (尽力做某事)try no t to do sth(尽量不做某富r例:1.T ry to wo rk o ut th is p ro b lem.2.We sh o uld try to study English well.3.We
21、sh o uld try no t to sleep in c lass.5.S b.+take+time+to do sth.=It+takes+sb.(代词用宾格)+time+to dosth.7窠人花费时间做某事;后者中it做形式主语,不定式做真正主语)例:He takes h alf an h o ur to do h is h o mewo rk every evening.=It takes h im h alf an h o ur to do h is h o mewo rk every evening.6.advise sb.(no t)to do sth.(建议某人不做某事)
22、例:S h e advised us no t to lo o k up every new wo rds in th e dic tio nary wh ile do ingreadings.7.T h e b est way to learn English is sp eaking it as o ften as p o ssib le.(不定式做定语)8.Do yo u find it easy to h ave a c o nversatio n io English?(it 形式宾语,不定式真正宾语)9.Wh at makes yo u sh y?(形容词做宾语补足语)10.It
23、s so metimes h ard to understand Americ an and British ac c ents.(不定式做真正主鬲11.T ell h im h o w to b e a go o d student.(疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语)12.I left my h o mewo rk at h o me.(leave sth.so mep lac e 把某物忘在某处用leave)13.Rememb er to sp eak English all th e time.(不定式形式做 rememb er 的宾语)14.T h is is a great/go o d
24、 way to do sth.(不定式作定语)T h is is a great way to so lve th e p ro b lem.15.N umb er th e p ic tures in th e o rder yo u h ear th em.(定语从句)四.语法点滴:基础时态的复习P168页 模块释疑P160页五.常识:如何学好英语Mo dule 2 Exp erienc es一.词语链接:1.exp erienc e n.&v,-exp erienc ed adj.2.c o mp ete v.-c o mp etitio n n.-c o mp etito r(n.人)
25、3.wo nder n.-wo nderful adj.4.music n.-music ian n.(A)5.Italy n.-Italianadj.6.westn.一 western adj.7.sit v.-seat n.8.b eside=next to 9.b rilliant=exc ellent10.p ro b lem(需解决的问题 wo rk o n-so lve/wo rk o ut)和 questio n(需回答的问题-ask/answer)ILb uy一 sell 12.entertain v.-entertainment n.13.sell-so ld-so ld,d
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