2023年考研外语冲刺试卷9.pdf

《2023年考研外语冲刺试卷9.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年考研外语冲刺试卷9.pdf（28页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、考 研 外 语 冲 刺 试 卷 9一、Use of English1 When three Florida boys were diagnosed as having AIDS,their barber refused to cut their hair and their house wasburned down by neighbors.These reactions may be(1),butother AIDS sufferers have experienced job loss,(2)ofinsurance,and even(3)_ by their families and fr

2、iends.Social scientists use the term stigma to describe the discreditand shame that public hostility can(4)a group of people.(5),AIDS sufferers are often stigmatized.Where do these stigmatizing attitudes come from?AIDS forcesus to confront our own(6)in a particularly(7)way,because most of its victim

3、s are young.Some people(8)feelings of vulnerability by convincing themselves that AIDSvictims are not like them and(9)their fate.They defineAIDS(1 0)something that can happen only to members ofcertain groups.Because homosexuals are already a target of(1 1),peoples intolerance becomes(1 2)to victimso

4、f the disease.The stigma of AIDS has created a(1 3)for people who thinkthey may be(1 4)risk.Should they(1 5)themselvestested for HIV一 and risk discrimination if their test resultsare positive?(1 6)should they avoid being tested?Manypeople take the(1 7)course.Even when HIV testing isrequired by law,m

5、any people(1 8)great lengths to avoidit.The tragic result is that many people who have the virusdo not(1 9)out about it,do not receive treatment,andremain(2 0)to spread the virus to others.A.radicalB.extremeC.negativeD.unappealing2、A.deletionB.defianceC.suspensionD.cancellation3、(3)A.rejectionB.abol

6、itionC.injectionD.condemnation4、(4)A.devote toB.put toC.associate withD.impose on5、A.In totalB.In contrastC.In shortD.As a result6、(6)A.mortalityB.moralityC.immoralityD.immortality7、A.acuteB.violentC.sentimentalD.active8、(8)A.take off3B.fend offC.resort toD.make up for9、(9)A.preserveB.conserveC.dese

7、rveD.reserve10、(10)A.byB.asC.withD.forIK(IDA.injusticeB.prejudiceC.attentionD.snobbery12、(12)A.joinedB.restrainedC.attached4D.linked13、(13)A.dilemmaB.obstructionC.confusionD.perplexity14、(14)A.atB.onC.withD.within15、(15)A.takeB.makeC.haveD.let16、(16)A.EitherB.OtherwiseC.NorD.Or17、(17)5A.laterB.lateC

8、.latestD.latter18、(18)A.come toB.takeC.go toD.bear19、(19)A.figureB.findC.tryD.straighten20、(20)A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.1iable二、Reading Comprehension1、Part ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questionsbelow each text by choosing A,B,C or D.(40 points)Globalization,a process whe

9、reby owners of capital are enabledto move their capital around the globe more quickly and easily,has resulted in the removal of state controls on trade andinvestment,the disappearance of tariff barriers and the spreadof new information and communications technologies.Insocieties around the world,the

10、 effects of globalization haveinfluenced social development.Not only are the influences ofglobalization apparent in markets,their forces are felt in theprocesses or working towards equality between men and women.Reda Bebars of Egypt,stressing that the advancement of womenwould not be achieved by pas

11、sing legislation,said that socialdevelopment on the national scale must be strengthened and aclimate conducive to development must be created if the goalsset in Beijing(at the 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women)are to be realized.The problems stem from the fact that womenare very differently posi

12、tioned in relation to the markets indifferent parts of the world.In certain places,where womenare socially excluded from leaving their homes,the challengeis to find ways for women to participate.In other places,thechallenge is to create markets which are more friendly towomen，s participation.Ilham I

13、brahim Mohamed Ahmed of Sudancondemned the debt burden carried by developing countries,economic sanctions,arbitrary measures and denial of access tonew technological developments as obstacles to the growth ofwomen，s rights.Women remain very much in the minority amongInternet users and still face hug

14、e imbalances in the ownership,control and regulation of new information technologies.“The gains of globalization have not been equitably distributedand the gap between rich and poor countries is widening,saidZhang Lei of the Peoples Republic of China.The gains of globalization thus far have for the

15、most part beenconcentrated in the hands of better-off women with higherlevels of education and with greater ownership of resources andaccess to capital.“Work in China and Vietnam shows that globalization has broughtnew opportunities to young women with familiarity with Englishin new service sector j

16、obs,but has made a vast number ofover-35-year-olds redundant,because they are either indeclining industries or have outdated skills,，z Swasti Mitterof the UNs Women Watch Online Working Group on Womens EconomicInequality said.According to the text,what role has English played during theprocess of gl

17、obalization?A.Created new education opportunities.B.It has sped up the process of globalization.C.Opened the doors for new opportunities and increased thenumber of young women in the working world.D.Increased the number of skilled women.2、What needs to occur in order for the goals of the fourth wome

18、n，sconference to be realized?A.Legislations calling for the advancement of women shouldbe enforced.B.Need to create a climate that allows and encourages socialdevelopment on a national scale.C.Create new technological opportunities for women in China.D.Abolish economic barriers between China and the

19、 West.3、Where have the profits of globalization gone?A.In rich countries with strict tariff barriers.B.China and Vietnam.C.In the hands of smart women.D.In the hands of richer members of the society.4、The statement”but made a vast number of 35-year-oldsredundant“in the last paragraph refers to the f

20、act that?A.Globalization has caused many women of age 35 to lose theirjobs.B.Working 35 year old women are stuck in industries that areno longer thriving.C.There is a great need of 35 year old women due to the processof globalization.D.There was a baby boom 35 years ago and there are many 35year old

21、 women working.5、What reason does the text suggest when women remain theminority of Internet users?A.They do not speak English well enough.B.Men remain the majority of people who control the Internetindustry.C.They do not know how to use computers as wel1 as men do.D.It does not apply,because this p

22、roblem does not exist inChina.6、Television eats out our substance.Mander calls this themediation of experience.With TV what we see,hear,touch,smell,feel and understand about the world has been processedfor us.When we“cannot distinguish with certainty the naturalfrom the interpreted,or the artificial

23、 from the organic,thenall theories of the ideal organization of life become equal.”In other words,TV teaches that all lifestyles and values areequal,and that there is no clearly defined right and wrong.In Amusing Ourselves to Death,one of the best recent books onthe tyranny of television,Neil Postma

24、n wonders why nobody haspointed out that television possibly oversteps theinstructions in the Bible.In the 1960s and 1970s,many of the traditional standards andmores of society came under heavy assault.Indeed,they wereblown apart,largely with the help of one s own.There was anair of unreality about

25、many details of daily life.Evenimportant moral questions suffered distortion when they werereduced to TV images.During the Vietnam conflict,there wasmuch graphic violence一 soldiers and civilians actuallydying一 on screen.One scene that shocked the nation was anexecution in which the victim was shot i

26、n the head with a pistolon prime-time TV.People tuned in to the war every night,andcontroversial issues about the causes,conduct,and resolutionof the conflict could be summed up in these superficialbroadcasts.The same phenomenon was seen again in the Gulf War.Withstirring background music and sophis

27、ticated computer graphics,each networks banner script,read across the screen,“War inthe Gulf,“as if it were just another T,V program.War isnta program一 it is a dirty,bloody mess.People are killed daily.Yet,television all but teaches that this carnage merely isanother diversion,a form,of blockbuster

28、entertainment一 thebig show with all the international stars present.In the last years of his life,Malcolm Muggeridge,a pragmaticand print journalist,warned:Form,the first moment I was inthe studio,I felt that it was far from being a good thing.Ifelt that television would ultimately be inimical to wh

29、at I mostappreciate,which is the expression of truth,expressing yourreactions to life in words.”He concluded:I don，t think people are going to be preoccupiedwith ideas.I think they are going to live in a fantasy worldwhere you dont need any ideas.The one thing that televisioncant do is express ideas

30、.There is a danger in translating lifeinto an image,and that is what television is doing.It is thusfalsifying life.Recorder of what is going on,it is the exactopposite.It cannot convey reality nor does it even want to.”What is the authors attitude towards television?A.Ambiguous.B.Skeptical.C.Critica

31、l.D.Appreciative.7、How is television said to distort life in reporting warfareand conflicts?A.TV teaches that all lifestyles and values are equal.B.People are preoccupied with fantastic ideas about wars.C.On the television screen,people see a dirty,bloody mess.D.Television presents images of human c

32、arnage in a form,ofentertainment program.8、Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A.There is no clearly defined right and wrong in TV images.B.Television doesnt express ideas although it is intendedto convey truth.C.Translating life into an image is more effective thanexpressing reacti

33、ons to life in words in teaching life values.D.TV presentation of images records what is going onobjectively.9、Which of the following ideas might probably be preferred byMalcolm Muggeridge?A.Literature will become dominant in presenting war stories.B.People should have their own ideas of what is rig

34、ht andwhat is wrong.C.TV images are preoccupying because they express reality.D.TV programs often aim to assault the traditional standardsand mores of society.10、According to the text,Amusing Ourselves to Death is a bookA.telling people how amusing it is to watch TV.B.warning people not to overstep

35、the instructions in theBible.C.showing there is a direct link between TV-watching anddeath.D.criticizing television for eating out our substance.11、There are certain people who behave in a quite peculiarfashion during the work of analysis.When one speaks hopefullyto them or expresses satisfaction wi

36、th the progress of thetreatment,they show signs of discontent and their conditioninvariably becomes worse.One begins by regarding this asdefiance and as an attempt to prove their superiority to thephysician,but late one comes to take a deeper and juster view.One becomes convinced,not only that such

37、people cannot endureany praise or appreciation,but that they react inversely tothe progress of the treatment.Every partial solution thatought to result,and in other people does result,in animprovement or a temporary suspension of symptoms produces inthem for the time being an intensification of thei

38、r illness;they get worse during the treatment instead of getting better.They exhibit what is known as a,negative therapeutic reaction”.There is no doubt that there is something in these people thatsets itself against their recovery,and its approach is dreadedas though it were a danger.We are accusto

39、med to say that theneed for illness has got the upper hand in them over the desirefor recovery.If we analyze this resistance in the usualway一 then,even after fixation to the various forms of gain fromillness,the greater part of it is still left over;and thisreveals itself as the most powerful of all

40、 obstacles to recovery,more powerful than the familiar ones of narcissisticinaccessibility,a negative attitude towards the physician andclinging to the gain from illness.In the end we come to see that we are dealing with what may becalled a moral factor,a sense of guilt,which is findingsatisfaction

41、in the illness and refuses to give up thepunishment of suffering.We shall be right in regarding thisdisencouraging explanation as final.But as far as the patientis concerned this sense of guilt is dumb;it does not tell himhe is guilty,he feels iii.This sense of guilt expresses itselfonly as a resist

42、ance to recovery which it is extremely difficultto overcome.It is also particularly difficult to convince thepatient that this motive lies behind his continuing to be iii;he holds fast to the more obvious explanation that treatmentby analysis is not the fight remedy for his case.According to the aut

43、hor,it would be more reasonable to thinkthat the patients who exhibit dissatisfaction with thetreatment areA.openly resisting the treatment of the physician.B.intentionally holding the physician in contempt.C.spontaneously responding contrary to the physician，sexpectations.D.purposely disregarding t

44、he praise or appreciation by thephysician.12、For the patients the author describes thatA.a particular treatment leads to a reverse result.B.local treatment improves temporarily their symptoms.C.a partial solution releaves rather than intensifies theirillness.D.a right solution cures them partially o

45、f their sickness.13、The authors study of this syndrome leads him to think thatA.patients must be convinced of the treatment by analysis.B.patients sense of guilt may hinder them form,getting well.C.patients need to know the final explanations of theirillness.D.patients should give up the punishment

46、of suffering fromtheir illness.14、It can be inferred from the text that the author feels thatA.certain people behave in a particularly fashionable way.B.the need for illness has overcome the desire for recovery.C.the patients who are content with their illness are fellingguilty.D.the symptom of inve

47、rse reaction to treatment is past remedy.15、The root cause of the resistance to recovery lies in that thepatientsA.are apt to refuse the reorganization of the physiciansauthority.B.can hardly put up with being praised or appreciated by theirdoctors.C.cling to the unconscious belief in their deserved

48、punishment by sickness.D.suffer from a chronic mental disease that offers them afeeling of guilt.16、Here amid the steel and concrete canyons,green grassgrows.A naked cockspur hawthorn tree stands in new soil,andfreshly dug plants bend in the wind.But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for

49、 a gardenof any variety.Especially 20,000 square feet of gardens.Onits roof.As one of a handful of similar projects around the country,thegarden is part of a$1.5 million demonstration projected by thecity to reduce its urban heat islands”,said William Abolt,the commissioner of the Department of Envi

50、ronment.Heat islands dark surfaces in the city,like rooftops-soak upheat.The retention can bake a building,making it stubborn tocooling.The roof of City Hall,a 90-year-old gray stone landmark onLaSalle Street in the heart of downtown,has been known to reachtemperature substantially hotter than the a