虚拟条件句英语语法文档.pdf

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1、虚拟条件句 在英语中，语气是动词的一种形式，用来表示说话人的意图或态度。英语的语气有三种：_语气（表示所说的话是事实），_语气（表示所说的话是请求或命令）_语气（表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望或假设或建议等）。如果所表示的条件是真实的，或者完全有可能实现的，叫 真实条件句，主句和从句的谓语都用 陈述语气。如果所表示的条件不可能实现或者实现的可能性很小时，叫 非真实条件句，主句和从句的谓语要用 虚拟语气。（1）含 if的虚拟条件句 从句 主句 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 练习：1.If I _(be)you,I _(tell)them the truth.如果我是你的话，我就

2、会把真相告诉他们。2.If I_(get)the information,I_(let)you know first.如果我知道这个情况的话，我会第一个告诉你。3.If we_(have)enough money,we _(buy)the house.如果我们有足够的钱的话，我们就买下那座房子了。4.If she _(come),what _(say)to her?万一她来了，我该怎么对她说呢？5.If you don t hurry,you_(be)late for school.（2）省略 if 的虚拟条件句 在虚拟条件句中，如果有 were，had，或 should，就可以省略 if，把

3、这些助动词放在句首。练习：改写下面句子，省略句中 if 1.If I were you,I would tell them the truth.2.If we had had enough money,we would have bought the house.3.If she should come,what should I say to her?能力训练 1.If I _ him yesterday，I _ him about it.A.saw;would ask B.had seen;would have asked C.had seen;would ask D.saw;would

4、have asked 2.What do you think would happen if there _ no light during the night?A.is B.will be C.were D.would be 3.If her lawyer _ here last Sunday,he _ her from going.A.had been;would have prevented B.had been;would prevent C.were;would prevent D.were;would have prevented 4.If it had not been for

5、the liberation,no changes _ place in my hometown.A.would have taken B.would have been taken C.will take D.will be taken 5._ late tomorrow,who would take her place?A.Should Miss Green come B.If Miss Green would come C.Miss Green should come D.If Miss Green comes 6 _ it _,the crops _ be saved.A.Had;ra

6、ined;could B.Should;rain;would C.If;rains;should D.Would;rain;should 7.If we _ yesterday,we _ the work.A.weren t interrupted;would finish B.didn t interrupt;would have finished C.hadn t interrupted;had finished D.hadn t been interrupted;would have finished 8._,he would have succeeded in the examinat

7、ions.A.If he has worked hard B.If he works hard C.Had he worked hard D.Were he worked hard 9.Can I stay at home tomorrow?Yes,you can if it_.A.will snow B.is going to snow C.snows D.snowed 10 I don t know if he _ this afternoon.But if he _,I will tell you.A.will come;will do;B.comes;will do C.will co

8、me;does D.comes;does 11.Ask him to ring me up if you _ him.A.see B.saw C.would see D.will see 12.If people _ polluting the air,animals and plants will die soon.A.don t stop B.didn t stop C.shall not stop D.haven t stopped 13.I ll go shopping with you if you _ wait.A.will B.would C.should D.are going

9、 to 答案：（1）含 if的虚拟条件句 从句 主句 与现在事实相反 过去式（be 用 were）would/should/could/might+do 与过去事实相反 过去完成式 would/should/could/might+have done 与将来事实相反 should(were to)+动词原形 would/should/could/might+do If I were you,I would tell them the truth.如果我是你的话，我就会把真相告诉他们。If I got the information,I would let you know first.如果我知

10、道这个情况的话，我会第一个告诉你。If we had had enough money,we would have bought the house.如果我们有足够的钱的话，我们就买下那座房子了。If she were to/should come,what should I say to her?万一她来了，我该怎么对她说呢？（2）省略 if 的虚拟条件句 在虚拟条件句中，如果有 were，had，或 should，就可以省略 if，把这些助动词放在句首。Were I you,I would tell them the truth.Had we had enough money,we would have bought the house.Should she come,what should I say to her?1-13 BCAAA BDCCC AAA