英语新设计外研版必修五讲义module1sectionⅢ.docx

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1、幽前预习ISection III Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner学前热身,成竹在胸知:识:清:单I .重点单词1 .edition儿（广播、电视节目的）期；版cute.逗人喜爱的present M陈述;提出（观点、计划等）4.distinctiveadj.与众不同的5.look九夕卜观;外表；样子6.standard标准的rapidly。小.迅速地一rapid迅速的8 .announcement几声 明； 宣告一announce也宣布； 声明.皿 可力口；增力一addition九增力口；增加物9 .attempt机努力；尝试一attempted qg.

2、未遂的11.simplify17,简化simple简单的simply odu.简单地；仅仅；只不过12 .combination几组合;结合一combine u.结合；联合；组合.criticize0批评一criticism机批评；批判；指责I reference儿参考;查阅一refer u.参考；查阅；谈及；提到.核心短语1 .get on进展；相处.get used to doing sth习惯于做某事2 .so far到目前为止.make a fuss of对过于注意4 .pick up拾起；学会.wear off逐渐消失7.in favour of 同意； 支持efer to .as.

3、 称为9.thanks to 幸亏，多亏HL经典句式1 .Im getting on just fine, now that I understand the local accent.7 .The reporter was criticized(criticize) for not telling the truth.8 .The money she spends on books adds up to 1, 000 dollars a year.9 .She took a complex topic and simplified(simple) it in a way that we co

4、uld all understand.10.We dont have enough books for everybody; some of you will have to share.n.单句改错.Teachers are often referred as the Engineer of Human SouLrefersed 后力U to1 .Thanks for the teacher, I have found the proper method of learning English.fbuto.Not many people can answer this question in

5、 the first attempt.in一at2 .He in favour of my plan, which made me very happy.在 in 前力口 was5.1t rained heavily in the south, caused serious flooding in several provinces.caused一causing in.阅读理解Canadian EnglishCanadian English is affected by both British and American English.In vocabulary there are a lo

6、t of US influences： Canadians use billboard, gas, truck and wrench rather than hoarding, petrol, lorry, and spanner； but on the other hand, they agree with the British in saying blinds, braces, porridge, and tap rather than shades, suspenders, oatmeal, and faucet.South African EnglishSince 1994 Sout

7、h Africa has had eleven official languages： English,Afrikans (having developed from Dutch), Zulu, Xhosa, and other largely regional African languages.English is the first language of only about 10 percent of the population, but the second language of many others.The English of nativeAfrikaners has i

8、nfluenced the standard“ English of white South Africans, examples being such informal usages as the afErmative(肯定的)no, as in How are you? No, Im fine.and the all purpose response is it”, as in “She had a baby last week, is it?”Indian EnglishTogether with Hindi, English is used across India, but it c

9、an also be a speakers first, second, or third language.The grammar of Indian English has many distinguishing features, of which perhaps the best known are the use of the present continuous tense, as in He is having very much of property，and the use of “isnt it as an ordinary question tag, We are mee

10、ting tomorrow, isnt it? The first example shows another characteristic of the language，which is using “in or of in idiomatic phrases.Verbs are also used differently, with speakers often dropping a preposition or object altogether, I insisted immediate payment”, while double possessives(所有格)一our thes

11、e prices,(instead of the British English “these prices of ours)are common.1 .What does the underlined word “distinguishing mean in Paragraph 3?A.Different.B.Same.C.Short.D.Missing.答案 A 词义猜测题。由下文的例子看出此处意为“不同的，多样的.According to the passage, which group of words is all in American form? A.Billboard, gas

12、, blinds, braces.B.Hoarding, petrol, porridge, tap.C.Truck, wrench, shades, suspenders.D.Lorry, spanner, oatmeal, faucet.答案c 细节理解题。由第一段可知。.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A.Dutch is one of the official languages in South Africa.B.Zulu is one of the official languages in South Africa.C.Less than 1

13、0% of the South African people speak English as their second language. D.More than 10% of the South African people speak English as their mother tongue. 答案B 细节理解题。由第二段前两句可知。.How many distinguishing features of Indian English grammar are mentioned in the passage? A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.答案 D 细节理解题。由第三段可知。IV

14、,完形填空In this world, there are more than 365 million people whose native language is English.Of this number of people, only about 275 million in the United States and Great Britain.The 2 90 million live in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, some Pacific islands, and other places 3 British

15、people settled.4 of the time, one English speaker 5 understand another.But in every 6 country, people added new words 7 their vocabularies to name animals, plants, and other things that were 8 to the first British people who went there.British settlers in Australia 9 the word “kangaroo“ fbr an anima

16、l they had never seen 10 , from the language of the people who were 11 to Australia.And the British whoto South Africa took “trek”, meaning along journey by ox wagon,13 the language of the Dutch people who settled in the sameplace.English speakers of every country know what a kangaroo is and use the

17、 word trek” to 15_ difficult journey”.But some J6 English“ words are used only by the people who borrow or 17_ them.A South African who talks about kopjes“ is speaking English, but only another South African or a Dutch person would know he is speaking 18 hills.And if an Australian said, “There were

18、some 6ropable9 people at the corroboree（狂欢会），“only anotherAustralian would 19 that he was talking about angry people 20 a party.答案 B 由下文的“.90 million live in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, 告诉读者“其他9千万住在澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰、南非。暗示出本题的答案为liveo答案 D 因为上文提到此处应为“另外一部分“用the othero即答案为other。another 表示“

19、三者或三者以上中的另一个二答案 A 此处为where引导的定语从句，先行词为places。当先行词为表示地点的名词， 且引导词在定语从句中作状语时，用where引导定语从句。答案 B 词组most of the time的意思是“大多数的时候”。答案C表示说英语的人具备相互理解的能力，应用can。6. A.speaking-EnglishB .English - speakingC.English spokenD.spoken English答案 B 表示“说英语的”应用English-speaking。spoken English的意思是“英语口语”。答案B addto是一个固定短语，意思是

20、“把力口至U答案 A对于最先到达该地的英国人来说，这儿的一切是“全新的：即答案为new。答案B use“使用”。本句的意思是“他们用kangaroo 一词来称呼他们以前从未见到的一种 动物”。答案 B ago表示“在以前，更早的时候：常用于一般过去时；before表示“在以 前“，常用于过去完成时。句子的时态为过去完成时，因此答案为before。答案B native的意思是“本土的”，与初到此地的英国人相比，以前在这儿居住的人们是 native o 答案 A 从下文的“meaning a long journey by ox wagon”可以推出这是一次旅程，用动词move（迁移；移动）更为恰

21、当。 答案 B 此处表示到南非的英国人从住在此地的荷兰人那儿借用了 trek 一词。表示 “从”要用from。答案 B 从下文的But some.?English,words are used only by the people who borrow.一 句中的but可以得出该空表达的意思应与but后的内容存在转折关系，从而推出“几乎每个说 英语的国家的人都知道kangaroo和trek的意思”，即答案为almost。答案 D 由上文对trek的解释知道“trek”的意思是“艰难的旅行”，difficult journey o 答案 A 由上文提到“kangaroo”和“trek”两个词可以

22、推出，此处应为“其他的”英语单词，即 答案为“other”。答案C 其他的英语单词仅仅被借用和创造它们的人使用，即答案为invent。答案B 此处考查固定短语speak of,其意思是“提及，说到。答案D 由上下文可以看出，此处表示“只有另外一个澳大利亚人会明白他在谈论什么工 mean（意思是），say（说）和tell（告诉）均不合题意,只有understand为最佳答案。答案B 表示“在聚会上”用介词at。由于懂了当地的口音，我也就开始适应了。2.1n English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. 在英语

23、中，单词的拼写并不总是代表其发音。3.Bythe 1850s it was selling one million copies a yearmaking it one of the most popular school books ever.到十九世纪五十年代，它每年售出一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的教材之一。课:文:预:读阅读清障represent 代表；描述combination/|kDmbineifn/.组合；结合thanks to幸亏，多亏graduate from 毕业于Xa teacher是Noah Webster的同位语，后接who引导的定语从句。Aght against与作

24、斗争,为反对而斗争fight for为而斗争distinctive/distiqktiv/ac.与众不同的distinction几优秀，杰出;差别，不同look/luk/.外观；外表；样子用作复数时，意为“相貌九Xthat引导宾语从句，作felt的宾语。suggest doing.建议做 simplify/simphfai/W .简化extremely adu.尤其，非常ever与最高级连用，意为“空前，有史以来”。ever与比较级连用，意为“曾经，以往任何时候。用来加强语气。X making在此处作结果状语。adopt以采用，采纳；领养adapt W.使适应；改编(13)silent let

25、ters不发音的字母which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 American Dictionary of the English Language Q introduce 可.引进pronunciation n.发音其动词为 pronounce o criticise/kntLsaiz/u/:批:评 criticise sb for sth因某事批评某人 standard/staendod/。的.标准的reference/Tefgrons/,参考；查阅 a reference book 参考书rm ,vhMER1CAN HERITAGEDICTIONARYor hie原文呈现The Ma

26、n Who Made Spelling SimpleIn English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound.So peoplesay/ralt/but spell it right, or write, or even rite.Combinations of letters (like ough) may be pronounced in a number of ways.And some words just seem to have too many letters.For Americans things

27、 are a little bit easier, thanks to the work of Noah Webster a teacher who graduated fromj Yale University in 1778.As a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of Independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive G

28、A,;American look .So he began his work on American English.His first book, The Elementary Spelling Book, suggestedA simplifying the spelling of English words.The book was extremely popular.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one pfthp mo5t popular school books ever.Many

29、of the suggestions were quickly adopted.Center instead of centre, program instead of programme, and flavor instead of flavour.Others, however, such as removing silent letters like the s in island or the final e in examine, were not.Webster is best known for his 加就踵皈2或皿g&L纷幺物或S反摩侬上一强hlchJksI appeared

30、 in 1828.It introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation and use, and, of course, the new spelling.The British criticised the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States.Today, Websters dictionary is still the number one dictionary f

31、or American students.课文译文让拼写变得简单的人在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是代表其发音，所以人们读/ralt/,但把它拼成right,或 者write,甚至是rite。字母组合（如。ugh）可能有多种发音方式。一些单词仅仅是看上去由许 多字母组成。对美国人来说，事情（单词拼写）就稍微容易些，这多亏了一位叫诺亚韦伯斯特的人的工 作。他是一位教师，于1778年毕业于耶鲁大学。他年轻时曾在美国独立战争中与英国人作 战。他觉得在新独立的美国，书面英语应该有独特的“美国”面貌。因此他开始研究美式英语。他的第一本书基础拼写手册建议简化英语单词的拼写。 这本书非常受欢迎。到19世纪50年

32、代，它每年能卖出一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的教 材之一。书中的很多建议很快被采纳了： center替代了 centre, program替代了 programme, flavor 替代了 flavouro而另外的一些建议，如去掉像island中不发音的字母s和像examine中词末 不发音的字母e,则没有被采纳。韦伯斯特的美式英语词典为他赚尽了声名，该词典于1828年首次出版。它引进了 许多新的美式英语单词，书中有它们的发音和用法，当然，还有新的拼法。英国人批评这本 词典，但它很快成了美国的标准参考书。今天，韦伯斯特的词典仍是美国学生的首选词典。课文理:解Read the text care

33、fully and choose the best answer.1 .Which of the following can replace the word “represent“ in the first paragraph?C.take2,What can we know about Noah Webster in the text?A.He graduated from Yale University in 1788.B.He once worked as a lawyer.C.He fought against the British in the American War of I

34、ndependence.D.He is popular among the British.3 .Which one is not the reason for writing an American dictionary?A.In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound.B.Some British words have too many letters.C.Webster thought the newly independent United States should have a distin

35、ctive “American” look.D.The British dictionaries are not good.4 .Which is TRUE for American Dictionary of the English Language?A.It first appeared in 1818.B.The British also like it very much.C.It introduced lots of new American words.D.It is not popular nowadays.答案要点探究I:互动课堂/高效学习单词Ladd也加,加起来；增添，补充说

36、Now add some more ideas in favour of your chosen variety.（教材 Ps）现在再增加一些观点来支持你选择的英语变体。add.to.往力口人add to增加，加强；增添add up加起来add up to总计，总共有Every failure one meets with adds to ones experience.谚语吃一堑，长一智。If you find the coffee too strong, add some water to it.如果你觉得咖啡太浓，就往里面添点水。Add up all the figures and fi

37、nd out what they add u2把这些数字加起来，弄清楚总计是多少。2 .presentW.陈述;提出（观点、计划等）;呈现；赠送，颁发 的.出席的，在场的（后置定语）; 现在的（前置定语）儿礼物；目前Present your ideas to the rest of the class.（教材 Ps）把你的观点陈述给班里的其他同学。（l）present sth to sb = present sb with sth 把某物赠送/颁发给某人present sth to sb 向陈述/表达（2）present儿礼物，赠品；现在，目前at present目前；现在（3）present

38、 4的.出席的，在场的；现在的，当前的be present at 出席写出下列句中present的词性及含义The company presented a medal to him on the day when he retired.c.赠予The present situation is taking a turn for the better.力.当前的（3）How many people were present at the meeting yesterday ? ad/出席的These notes will remind you how to present your ideas.

39、W.陈述； 提出（DWhenever you buy a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.礼 物How many people were present at the meeting yesterday?昨天出席会议的有多少人？On Teachers9Day, my students presented me with some flowers.=On Teachers9 Day, my students presented some flowers to me.教师节那一天，我的学生送给我

40、一些花。At present, more and more people are enjoying Sing! China.现在，越来越多的人喜欢中国新歌声。3 .attempt此尝试，试图.尝试；试图；企图Can you see any similarities between Websters work and attempts to simplify Chinese?（教材P9）你能看出韦伯斯特的工作和尝试简化汉语之间的相似之处吗？（l）attempt at doing sth/to do sth 尝试或努力做某事（2）make an attempt at doing/to do sth

41、 尝试或努力做某事at ones first attempt 第一次尝试I attempted to get in touch with her, but failed.我试图与她取得联系，但失败了。Dont expect to pass the driving test at your first attempt.After all, youve been learning to drive for only a couple of days.不要期望第一次尝试就通过驾驶测试。毕竟，你学开车只学了几天。He made an attempt to pass（pass） the exam, bu

42、t it was too difficult.他试图通过考试，但太难了。核心l.pick up拾起，捡起;（无意中）学会;接收（信号）；（开车）接（人）;好转；恢复If Callum picked up the local accent he started to use it.（教材 P7） 如果卡勒姆学会当地口音，他就开始使用它。pick out选出； 辨另出写出下列句中pick up的含义He picked up some French words while living with a Frenchman.（无意中）学会 The school bus picks up the chil

43、dren three times every day.（开车）接（人） The equipment picked up the signal from the satellite.接收（信号）My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.恢复； 好转 Its easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.因为他个子很高，所以很容易在人群中辨认出他。2.in favour of 赞同；支持Now add some more ideas i

44、n favour of your chosen variety.（教材 Pg）现在再增加一些观点来支持你选择的英语变体。do sb a favour=do a favour for sb 帮某人一个，忙ask sb a favour= ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙in ones favour 对有利Some are in favour of it, while others are against it.一些人同意，而另外一些人反对。Can I ask you a favour /ask a favour of you?可以请你帮个忙吗？Could you do me a

45、 favour/do a favour for me and turn off the light?劳烦您把那盏灯关掉好吗？ertoas把称为The Chinese refer to their language as Han, as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.(教材 Ps)中国人称他们的语言为汉语，因为它是在汉代的时候开始流行的。(l)referto涉及，提到；查阅，参考(2)reference .参考，查阅reference book 参考书People who work in offices are

46、 usually referred to as white collar workers”.那些在办公室工作的人被称为“白领工人”。When I was saying that, I wasnt referring (refer) to you.我那样说的时候，指的并不是你。The student referred(refer) to just now often refers to his dictionary to teach himself.刚才提到的那个学生经常查阅词典自学。Youd better write down the phone number of that restaura

47、nt fbr future reference (refer).你最好记下那家餐馆的电话号码，以便以后查询。温馨提示refer的过去式、过去分词和现在分词都先双写“武，再加上“ed”或“ing”。类似 的词还有prefero4.thanks to 幸亏，由于For Americans things are a little bit easier, thanks to the work of Noah Webster.(教材 P9) 由于诺亚韦伯斯特的工作，对美国人来说事情更容易了一些。表示“因为的短语还有：because of, due to, owing to, on account of, as a result ofo 上述短 语一般在句中只作状语；而due to除了作状语还可作定语或表语，作状语时一般不位于句首。 Thanks to your timely help, we have finally finished it on time.多亏了你的及时帮助，我们才最终准时完成了这项工作。Owing to the bad weather, the plane had to change its course.由于恶劣天气，飞机不得不更改航线。As a result of his hard work, he defeated all the competito