湖北省孝感市2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题(（解析版）.docx

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1、湖北省孝感市2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对 话仅读一遍。1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a dining hall.C. On a bus.K答案U BK原文U M: Excuse me, is this seat take

2、n?W: I dont think so. The man finished his lunch and left a few minutes ago.2. What does the woman say about her job?A. It has proper working hours.B. It has too many women workers.C. It has too few female workers.K答案U cK 原文 U M: Do you like this kind of job?W: Well, the working hours are too long,

3、and Im also the only woman in the department.3. What kind of music do the speakers both like?A. Jazz.B. Classical.C. Folk.K答案U AK 原文M: Whats your favorite kind of music?W: I love jazz. I have over 50 jazz CDs. What about you?M: I love all kinds of music-jazz, rock, classical, and folk.4. What does A

4、lex offer to do for the woman?A. Take her to a meeting. B. Lend her his car.C. Give her a lift.K答案U cK原文U W: Alex, do you have a meeting in Edinburgh?推理判断题。根据第一段中的A year ago, I decided to create a more environmentally friendly kitchen, focusing on reducing the single-use products such as plastic bag

5、s and paper towels. （一年前，我决定打造一个更环保的厨房，重点是减少塑料袋和纸巾等一次性产品。）以及下 文中的叙述可知，作者为了减少一次性产品的使用，创建了一个环保厨房，由此可知，作者 是一个环保意识很强的人。故选B。CBees arent the only insects pollinating （给授粉）red clover. Moths （飞蛾）do about a thirdof the flower visits after dark, new research suggests. The discovery stresses what researchers m

6、ay be missing in researching into the night shift of plant pollination, including a previously unknown benefit of the moth pollination to the clover-a boost in seed production.This work may help deepen scientists9 understanding of the pollination services provided by nighttime moths. For about a cen

7、tury, the general understanding of clover pollination has been that bees -and bees alone-are the key insect players. Clover is a valuable agricultural plant and has received a lot of studies/9 says Jamie Alison, a pollinator ecologist at Aarhus University in Denmark. “Yet, none of those studies have

8、 said anything about the possibility of moth pollination. rAlison and his colleagues discovered moths pollination role while studying how plants and their insect pollinators would respond to climate change by moving uphill. To record the exact pollinators that would go to grassland plants, the team

9、set up 15 time-lapse （延时）cameras in the Swiss Alps. The method allowed Alison and his colleagues to investigate nighttime visitors. In all, the team collected more than 164,000 photos of red clover flowers, with 44 of these images capturing visits by insect pollinators.Most of these flower honey see

10、kers-some 61%一were bumblebees. But a substantial proportion （比彳列）一34%were moths, mostly large yellow underwings, visiting in the early morning hours. Butterflies and either a wasp or another bee species finished the other 5 percent of the visits.“Moths are well-known as regular pollinators of many o

11、ther plants, but their role in clover pollination seems to have been overlooked. Alison says. He and his colleagues also investigated how many seeds the clover flowers produced, and they had a happy surprise.Its clear that the role of nighttime moths as pollinators of crops has largely been ignored/

12、 Funamoto, a pollination biologist at the University of Tokyo, says. I think future studies will reveal many plant species that are thought to be dependent on pollination by daytime insects are actually pollinated by nighttime moths, to some extent.”28. What was deeply rooted in scientists5 mind abo

13、ut clover pollination?A. It posed risks to other plants.B. It merely depended on bees.C. It ruined the production of clover seeds.D. It failed to be carried out at night.29. Why did the researchers use the 15 time-lapse cameras?A. To record pollinators visiting grassland plants.B. To study the effec

14、t of climate change on insect pollinators.C. To record the changeable conditions in the Swiss Alps.D. To capture more images of different insects.30. What did the researchers think of their research result?A. They felt astonished at that.B. They thought it was disappointing.C. They believed it neede

15、d further confirmation.D. They thought it was influenced by many factors.31. What would be the best title for the text?A. Moths Draw the Attention of ResearchersB. Scientists Are Looking for Night PollinatorsC. Scientists Find a Way to Help Clover FlowersD. Moths Are Found to Pollinate Clover Flower

16、s at NightK 答案 U28.B29. A 30. A 31. DK导语本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们一直以为蜜蜂是唯一给三叶草授粉的昆虫, 新的研究发现飞蛾在夜间也给植物授粉。K28题详析细节理解题。根据第二段中“For about a century, the general understanding of clover pollination has been that beesand bees aloneare the key insect players.（大约个世名己以来， 人们对三叶草授粉的普遍理解是蜜蜂一而且只有蜜蜂是主要的昆虫参与者。）可知， 大约一个世纪以来，人

17、们普遍认为只有蜜蜂是三叶草授粉的主要参与者。故选B项。K29题详析细节理解题。根据第三段中To record the exact pollinators that would go to grassland plants, the team set up 15 time-Epse cameras in the Swiss Alps.（为了准确记录草原植物的传粉者， 研究小组在瑞士阿尔卑斯山设置了 15个延时相机。）可知，研究人员要使用15台延时相机 是为了记录传粉者访问草原植物。故选A项。K30题详析H推理判断题。根据第五段“Moths are well-known as regular po

18、llinators of many other plants, but their role in clover pollination seems to have been overlooked. Alison says. He and his colleagues also investigated how many seeds the clover flowers produced, and they had a happy surprise（众所周知，飞蛾是许多其他植物的常规传粉者，但它们在三叶草传粉中的作用 似乎被忽视了。”艾利森说。他和他的同事们还调查了三叶草花能产生多少种子，他们

19、有一 个惊喜。）可知，飞蛾给三叶草授粉的作用被研究人员忽视，并且研究人员经过调查后得到 了意外的惊喜。故可推知，研究人员对于他们的研究结果感到惊讶。故选A项。K31题详析X主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Bees arent the only insects pollinating （给授 粉）red clover. Moths （飞蛾）do about a third of the flower visits after dark, new research suggests. The discovery stresses what researchers may be missing

20、in researching into the night shift of plant pollination, including a previously unknown benefit of the moth pollination to the clover-a boost inseedproduction.”（蜜蜂并不是唯一为红三叶草授粉的昆虫。新的研究表明，飞蛾在天黑后 给大约有三分之一的花授粉。这一发现强调了研究人员在研究植物授粉的夜间活动时可能遗 漏的东西，包括以前不为人知的飞蛾授粉对三叶草的好处促进种子产量。）可知，文章 的主要大意是新的研究发现飞蛾在夜间给三叶草植物授粉。

21、故文章最好的标题是“飞蛾被发 现在夜间为三叶草花授粉工 故选D项。DMusic is a part of every culture around the world. In fact, the ability to appreciate music is built into our brains. Music makes us feel good. Many music studies look at the long-term benefits of being a music listener or participating in a music program as a child

22、. But can listening to music help us connect and empathize （产生共鸣）with someone right at the moment? A new study aims to find it out.In this study, 60 university students were asked to watch several 15-second videos in which a person describes an autobiographical （自传体的）experience. In some cases, peopl

23、e in the video talk about a relatively ordinary event, like moving into a new apartment, while other stories contain strong emotional content, like recalling a terrible accident or a loved ones death.While students watched these videos, the researchers randomly played either emotionally neutral （中立的

24、）“music or very sad music in the background. After watching each video, the students expressed how much sympathy they had for the person in the video, and how much they wanted to help that person. They were also tested on their social reasoning skills-how well they understood the persons thinking me

25、thod in the video. All of these could be signs of empathic connection （同感沟通）.Results showed that people watching the sad videos felt more sadness themselves and more sympathy for the other person than those watching the neutral videosnot a big surprise. But these empathic feelings were strengthened

26、by listening to sad music. The music had no effect, however, on whether or not the students could reason out the other persons experience and understand what they might be thinking or feeling.While music is not the only way - other art forms, like fiction and dancing, have also been shown to increas

27、e empathy, for example-music could be a powerful tool. “Itd be very interesting to extend our finding further, to see if listening to music in a social context can improve our real- world ability to empathize with and feel sympathy fbr others in the long term,“ says the lead researcher Brennan McDon

28、ald.32. What does the new study want to find out?A. Whether music can benefit us.B. Whether music can arouse genuine emotions.C. Whether music can improve the social effect.D. Whether music programs can increase our confidence.33. What were the participants required to do during the study?A. To film

29、 a short autobiographical video.B. To share one of their miserable experiences.C. To think up ways to help the person in need.D. To watch videos while listening to different background music.34. Which of the following belongs to the opinion of the researchers?A. We can increase our sympathy by using

30、 some music.B. Music helps us understand others9 thinking processes.C. Most adults are much more emotional than children.D. Music can influence us both emotionally and intellectually.35. What will the researcher Brennan probably do next?A. Study different types of music.B. Test the long-term effect

31、of music on people.C. Find more ways to make people more caring.D. Compare the effect of music with that of other art forms.K答案U32. C 33. D 34. A 35. BK导语11本文是一篇说明文。音乐是全世界文化的一部分，那么听音乐能否帮助我们与 此刻的某个人产生共情能力呢？ 一项新的研究试图去弄清楚这一点。K32题详析力细节理解题。根据第一段“But can listening to music help us connect and empathize wi

32、th someone right at the moment? A new study aimed to find it out.（但听音乐能帮助我们在当下与某 人建立联系并产生共鸣吗?一项新的研究旨在找出K答案可知新的研究是想弄清楚音乐 是否能提升社会效应。故选c项。K33题详析细节理解题。根据第三段“While students watched these videos, the researchers randomly played either emotionally neutral“ music or very sad music in the background（当学生彳门观看这

33、 些视频时，研究人员随机播放“情绪中性”的音乐或非常悲伤的背景音乐）”可知，参与者在研 究过程中被要求边听不同的背景音乐边看视频。故选D项。K34题详析X推理判断题。根据最后一段While music is not the only way - other art forms, like fiction and dancing, have also been shown to increase empathy, for example一music could be a powerful tooL（虽然音乐不是唯一的方式，其他艺术形式，如小说和舞蹈，也被证明可以增加同理心， 但音乐可能是一个强大

34、的工具厂可推知，我们可以使用某些音乐来增加我们的共情能力。故 选A项。K35题详析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Itd be very interesting to extend our finding further, to see if listening to music in a social context can improve our real-world ability to empathize with and feel sympathy fbr others in the long term,“ says the lead researcher Brennan McDona

35、ld.（首席研究 员布伦南麦克唐纳说：“进一步扩展我们的发现将非常有趣，看看在社交环境中听音乐是否 能长期提高我们在现实世界中对他人产生共鸣和同情的能力。”户可知，研究人员布伦南接 下来可能会测试音乐对人的长期影响。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。Trust is the basic foundation of any relationship in both professional and personal capacity. Here are some ways to bui

36、ld trust and be trustworthy.Be always honest. Honesty is a virtue that must be cultivated （培养）fully if you desire to establish trust with others. Half-truths and white lies are a recipe for disaster. 36Communicate effectively. Poor communication is one of the main reasons why trust is unable to be s

37、ustained （维持）in any environment. The failure to clarify your stand may lead to unpleasant assumption. 37 If you want to avoid any issues, its important to communicate openly and freely with other involved parties in the beginning.38 Promises are not meant to be broken. Once you make a promise, its a

38、s binding （必须遵守的）as legal papers. TVs important that you honor your commitments if youre interested in building trust.Do not be too quick in making decisions. There is no need to take too much pressure if youre faced with a dilemma. 39 If the other part asks you to make a comment immediately and you

39、 have reservations about it, you can decline the task and say no in the beginning.Take the necessary time. 40 Its an ongoing process that needs time to take root and develop effectively. Steady progress is possible only if its a regular activity; therefore, prepare to take small steps if you are loo

40、king for ways to build trust. Focus on the endgame and do not expect results in the beginning.A. Keep your word.B. Dont take everything fbr granted.C. Trust cannot be earned in seconds.D. This can cause disagreements and the breaking of trust.E. Therefore, avoid them at all costs if you are trying t

41、o build trust.F. Youd better take the time to consider your approach from every angle.G. Make sure you are paying attention to old and new relationships equally.K答案 H36.E37. D 38. A 39. F 40. CK导语1这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何建立信任的方法。K36题详析H根据本段主题句“Be always honest.（永远要诚实。户可知，本段强调的是：想要建立信 任，必须诚实。根据上文“Half-truths

42、and white lies are a recipe for disaster.（半真半假和善意的 谎言是灾难的根源）”可知，说谎是无法建立信任的，E项“Therefore, avoid them at all costs if you are trying to buil d trust.（因此，如果你试图建立信任，就要不惜一切代价避免它们。户意 义与上文一致，且E项“them”指代上文中的“Half-truths and white lies”。故选E项。K37题详析X根据上文“The failure to clarify your stand may lead to unpleasan

43、t assumption.（不能阐明你 的立场可能会导致不愉快的假设。厂可知，想要建立信任，必须阐明立场，否则就会有不愉 快的假设。D 项“This can cause disagreements and the breaking of trust.（这会导致分歧和信任 的破裂。厂进一步说明：因不阐明立场而出现的假设会进一步导致分歧和不信任，与上文意 义一致，符合语境。故选D项K38题详析H空处是本段的主题句。根据后文“Promises are not meant to be broken.（承诺是不能被打破 的。广可知，本段主题是：我们要遵守诺言。A项“Keep your word .健守诺

44、言广符合语境。故 选A项。K39题详析根据本段主题句“Do not be too quick in making decisions.（不要急于做决定。厂可知，本 段强调：做决定要慎重。根据下文“If the other part asks you to make a comment immediately and you have reservations about it, you can decline the task and say no in the beginning.（如果对 方要求你立即发表评论，而你对此有保留意见，你可以拒绝这项任务，一开始就说不。户可 知I,我们可以不用立

45、即做出决定，而是谨慎思考，甚至拒绝。F项Yoifd better take the time to consider your approach from every angle.（你最好花点时间从各个角度考虑你的方法。广说明 我们需要谨慎思考，符合题意。故选F项。K40题详析U根据本段主题句“Take the necessary time.（花些必要的时间户可知，建立信任需要花费时 间 o 根据下文“It，s an ongoing process that needs time to take root and develop effectively.（这是 个持续的过程，需要时间来扎根和有

46、效地发展。广可知，建立信任感是一个持续的过程。C 项“Trust cannot be earned in seconds.（信任不是几秒钟就能赢得的。）”说明信任感的建立需要 花时间，与主题相符，与后文意义一致；且下文力俨指代的就是C项中的“Trust”。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。Sitting on the bench to read beneath an old willow tree, I felt abandoned. Endless 41

47、 with my family had left me nowhere to go but this lonely corner of the park. Not 42 with life, I had a good reason to frown, for the world was intended to let me down.And if that werent enough to ruin my day, a young boy out of breath 43 me. all tired from play. He stood 44 in front of me with his

48、head titled down and said with great 45 Look what I found!” In his hand was a flower. What a pitiful sight, its petals （花 瓣）were all worn-not enough rain, or too little light. Wanting him to take his dead flower away and go off to play, I 46 a small smile and then looked away.But 47 leaving, he sat next to my side and placed the flower to his nose and 48 loudly with certainty, 6It sure smells pretty and it must be beautiful, too. Thats why I picked it; here, its for you. I knew I must take it, or he might never leave. So I 49 the flower, and replied, Just wha