高考英语写作好词好句18（拓展、翻译、仿写）讲义.docx

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1、高考英语写作精选好词好句18 （拓展、翻译、仿写）讲义1. Men who usually see their families only briefly in the morning and at night have been spending weekdays at home during Japans coronavirus state of emergency, allowing them to witness just how many chores must be done.日本因新冠疫情进入紧急状态，在此期间，那些通常只在早晚和家人打 个照面的男性，现在工作日也都全天待在家里了

2、，这让他们亲眼看到了家务 活有多繁重。witness n.证人；目击者；证据 vt.目击；证明；为作证 vi.作证人 拓展词根-wit-:观察，智慧。同根词：wit n.智慧；才智：智力witty adj.诙谐的；富于机智的unwit vt.使精神错乱；使丧失智能witless adj.无知的；愚蠢的wittingly adv.有意地unwitting adj.不知情的；不知不觉的，无意的即刻运用：翻译（1）警察还没有找到那桩谋杀案的目击证人。(Key: The police havent found the witness to the murder case.)(2)他身体健康证明这种疗法

3、是成功的。His good health is a witness.(Key: to the success of the treatment.)(3)过去十年国内外研究人员对自动驾驶车辆越来越有兴趣。The past 10 years have witnessed.(Key: growing interest in autonomous vehicle among researchers at home and abroad.)14. The uniqueness of original works has made collectors nervous of buying from web

4、sites sight unseen, especially at higher price levels. But now the industry is trying to persuade collectors to spend thousands even millions online.因为原创作品有其独特性，所以收藏家们不敢不看实物就从网上购买， 尤其是高价位艺术品。但现在艺术产业正试图让收藏家们放心花费成千上万 甚至数百万来网购艺术品。persuade sb. to do说服某人做某事即刻运用：翻译（1）说服他参加会议实在不容易。（2）我们已经设法使他们相信和我们共事是值得的。1

5、5. As tens of thousands of people have demonstrated against police violence over the past two weeks, calls have emerged in cities across the country for fundamental changes to American policing.过去两周，上万人游行示威以表对警察暴力的不满，美国不少城市都涌 现了彻底改革美国警察制度的声音。demonstrate v.证明；证实；论证；说明即刻运用：翻译（1）这些结果证明，这个方法正在发挥作用。(Key:

6、 These results demonstrate that the approach is working.)(2)他突然离去，这说明他是多么不可靠。(Key: His sudden departure had demonstrated how unreliable he was.)16. Job growth was concentrated in industries hit hardest early in the crisis, like leisure, hospitality and retail work. But manufacturing, health care and

7、 professional services added jobs as well, possibly signaling that the damage did not spread as deeply into the economy as many feared.增加的工作岗位集中在疫情早期最受打击的行业里，如休闲产业，酒店 餐饮业和零售业。但制造业，医疗行业和专业服务业的岗位也增加了，这可 能说明疫情对经济的打击并没有很多人担心得那么深远。as.as意为”和一样”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副 词，第二个as为连词。其基本用法为as+ adj./ adv. +as.；其否

8、定式为not as/so +adj./ adv. +as.结 构。即刻运用：翻译(1)我抓到的鱼不如我预想的那么多。(2)马丁既缺乏耐心又很顽固。(3)他们不赞成让孩子随心所欲看太多电视。17. Trips for business and pleasure must have enough restrictions to make travelers feel safe, but not so many that no one wants to bother.商务旅行和娱乐旅行须有足够的限制，以此让旅客感到安全，但又不能 多到没人愿意出去了。bother vt.烦扰，打扰；使.不安；使.恼怒

9、vi.操心，麻烦；烦恼n.麻烦；烦恼(1)如果你不是真的感兴趣，干吗费口舌打听呢？（2）我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。18. Children may be processing the disruptions in their lives right now in ways the adults around them do not expect: acting out, regressing, retreating or even seeming surprisingly content. Parents need to know that all of this is normal, ex

10、perts say, and there are some things we can do to help.现在孩子们在处理生活中的问题时，会采取大人意想不到的方式：有人 会乱发脾气，有人会情感退化，有人会选择逃避，有人甚至会表现出反常的 满足。专家表示：家长需要知道这些行为都是正常的，以下是一些可以帮助 孩子缓解压力的方式。process n.过程：流程；诉讼程序：进展：V.加工；审核；处理（数据）；列队行进；即刻运用：翻译（1）我认为生活本身是一个学习的过程。（2）该和平进程现已受到一次沉重的打击。（3）审核你的申请需要一周时间。19. The University of Califor

11、nias decision this past week to stop requiring the SAT and ACT tests for admissions renewed a debate that could be a prompt on a college application.上周，加利福尼亚大学（以下简称“加州大学）决定不再把SAT和ACT 考试成绩作为录取要求，再次引发了一场辩论，这可以成为大学申请文书的 主题。renew vt.使更新；续借；续费；复兴；重中 vi.更新；重新开始即刻运用：翻译（1）如果你不能及时看完，你可以来办理续借手续。（2）我们只好重新开始努力吸

12、引更多年轻成员。20. Ms. Nicholas said. This pandemic is bigger than we could have foreseen, even though we did know this year was going to be challenging. But the point now is, what can we do from here? Thats when we look to each other. We don/t keep looking to the planets/尼古拉斯女士说：“尽管我们的确预知了今年会非常艰难，但是这场疫情 的

13、规模是难以预见的。但现在的关键在于：基于目前的情况，我们可以做什 么？这时我们应该看向彼此，互相依靠。我们不能总指望行星的力量。拓展：look to 注意；指望；照看look into 调查：观察；窥视：浏览；看look after照顾；关心；Look up仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访；改善look upon看待：把.看作即刻运用：翻译（1）父母不在的时候你能自己照顾自己吗？(Key: Can you look after yourself when your parents are away?)(2)政府已成立一个委员会调查那些罪行。(Key: The government has set up

14、a commission to look into those crimes.(3)你可以在网站上查一下博物馆的开放的时间吗？(Key: Can you look up the opening time of the museum on the website?)2. Dentists earn a healthy salary a median of $159,000 and offer services with no clear substitute.牙医的薪水很可观，中位年收入为15万9千美元，他们提供的服务几乎 是不可替代的。substitute n.(for sb/sth)代替者；

15、代替物：代用品v. A (for B); B (with/by A); for sb/sth (以)代替；取代即刻运用：翻译(1)如果你不能亲自去，想办法找人代替你。(Key: If you cannot go yourself, try to find someone to substitute you.)(2)尽管在线教育和平台的技术不断发展，学生在实际课堂环境中获得 的学习体验无法替代。Despite technological advances in terms of the online classroom and platforms,.(Key: there is no subst

16、itute for the learning experience that students receive in the physical classroom environment.)3. That suggests it isnt just stay-at-home orders that have caused patients to cancel appointments.这意味着病人取消预约不光是因为居家限制令。拓展：it强调句型It强调句型最基本的句式结构为：It be +被强调部分+ that/who +句子被强调部分是除谓语之外的其他句子成分，可以是单词、短语，也可以 是从

17、句；当强调人时，可以用who或that；强调其他成分，则只能用that。即刻运用：翻译(1)该怪的是你。(Key: It is you who are to blame.)(2)就是书架上那本书在销售榜上排行第一。(Key: It is the book on the shelf that ranked first on the sales list.)(3)昨天给学生们作讲座的是布朗教授吗？(Key:Was it Professor Brown that gave the students a lecture yesterday?)(4)布朗先生不是在礼堂而是在操场做的演讲。(Key: It

18、 was on the playground, not in the hall that Mr. Brown delivered a speech.)4. Some may have lost the dental insurance they used to get at work. Others may fear contracting the virus; they may feel safer putting off preventive care that has already waited months.有的人可能因为失业而失去了牙科保险；有的人可能害怕感染病毒，推 迟已经等了好

19、几个月的预防性护理会让他们更有安全感。拓展：Some. Others表示有些另一些others前也可以用and连接(and前可以加或不加逗号)。除了用and进 行并列句式的连接之外，当需要表达有转折意思时，还可以用while, but, whereas等表示转折的连词，形成some.while/but/whereas others的结构。即刻运用：翻译(1) 一些人通过实验学习，另一些人则从经验中学习。(Key: Some people learn by experiment and others learn by experience.)(2)有些人喜欢现代艺术，而另一些人认为它是垃圾。(K

20、ey: Some people like modern art, while others consider it as rubbish.)( 3)有人喜欢周末呆在家里，有人喜欢去看个电影。(Key: Some people like to stay at home on weekends, but others like to go to the cinema.)5. The answers to these questions will have implications for how future generations remember both the history the st

21、atues were designed to represent and this current moment.这些问题的答案，不仅影响着后代如何回忆雕像被塑造时所代表的历史, 也影响着他们如何回想当下这个时刻。拓展:以下名词后面常接介词 to： answer, key, attitude, objection, access, approach , guide, reference, entrance, damage, barrier, alternative 等。即刻运用：翻译（1）我不反对他来小住几天。I have no objection(Key: to him coming to

22、stay for several days.)（2）他的管理方法科学有效。He approach(Key: to management is scientific and effective.)（3）网上购物相对于开车去商店来说是一个更便捷的选择，因为节省时间。Shopping online is a convenient alternative(Key: to driving to the store, because it saves time.)6. Sacrificing international students is killing the goose that lays the

23、 golden egg,“ said Lisa Li, a Chinese engineer who recently graduated from Johns Hopkins University. It will eventually destroy the future competitiveness of America.”“让国际学生成为牺牲品无异于杀鸡取卵，刚刚毕业于约翰霍普金斯大 学的中国工程师丽萨李说道，“这最终会摧毁美国未来的竞争力。拓展：“kill the goose that lays the golden egg意思是杀鸡取卵,竭泽而渔”。 即刻运用：翻译把果树砍了当柴

24、火烧，这是典型的杀鸡取卵。is an obvious case of(Key: Cutting down fruit trees for firewood; killing the goose that lays the golden egg)7. The United States opened a new era of human space travel on Saturday as a private company for the first time launched astronauts into orbit, nearly a decade after the governme

25、nt retired the storied space shuttle program in the aftermath of national tragedy.周六，随着一家私营企业首次将宇航员送入太空轨道，美国开启了人类 太空旅行的新纪元。近十年前，在国家悲剧的余波中，美国政府叫停了当年 著名的航天飞机计划。拓展：launch v.发射(导弹、火箭等)；发起，发动：使.下水；开始：起 飞n.发射；发行，投放市场；下水；汽艇launch (yourself) into sth (热情地)开始做，投入即刻运用：翻译(1)那艘救生艇被立刻放下了水。(Key: The lifeboat was

26、launched immediately.)(2)数百万电视观众收看了这次成功的发射。8. Rowling said she had started working on the book more than a decade ago, while she was still writing Harry Potter, and originally intended to publish it after she finished the last book in the beloved series.罗琳说，她从十多年前就开始创作这本书，当时她仍在写哈利波特， 原本打算写完这一心爱系列的最后

27、一部，就出版这本书。拓展：intend v.打算：想要；意指intend to do / intend doingbe intended for设计为所有或所用，为所准备即刻运用：翻译（1）最令人吃惊的是，相当一部分人根本不打算投票。Most surprisingly, quite a few people dont intend to vote at all.（2）这本词典是为初学者编的。The dictionary is intended for the beginners.9. Once installed on a users phone, the app would use Blue

28、tooth to keep a record of other people with whom they came into close contact - as long as they too had installed the app. Then when someone tested positive for the virus, alerts would be sent to their close contacts telling them to go into quarantine.用户一旦安装到手机上，这款app就会用蓝牙保存其密切接触过人群的 资料，前提是这些人也安装了该应

29、用。此后，如果有人病毒检测呈阳性，其 密切接触者就会收到警报，告知他们进行隔离。拓展：语法填空Once(install) on a users phone, the app would use Bluetooth tokeep a record of other people withthey came into close contact - aslong as they too had installed the app. Then when someone tested positive for the virus, alerts would be sent to their close

30、 contacts(tell) them togo into quarantine.10. Silicon Valley is bracing for a long-expected breakup of Apple and Intel, signaling both the end of one of the tech industrys most influential partnerships and Apples determination to take more control of how its products are built.硅谷正准备应对苹果与英特尔之间早见端倪的分手

31、，这既标志着科技行 业最具影响力的合作之一走向终结，也表明苹果决心更多地控制其产品的制 造方式。signal n.信号；暗号；导火线vt.标志；用信号通知；表示vi.发信号adj.显著的；作为信号的即刻运用：翻译(1)我拨他的电话听到的都是忙音。(Key: All I get is a busy signal when I dial his number.)(2)这个声明显示政策有明显的改变。(Key: This announcement signalled a clear change of policy.)(3)他拒绝回应以示不满。11. Mr. Hunter felt there was

32、 an unexploited opportunity. Seizing even a fraction of Amazons sales would be a windfall for independent stores, which would receive a cut of the sites profits.亨特先生觉得这是一个潜在的机会。对于独立书店来说，能从亚马逊的 销售额中分一小杯羹，就已经是意外之喜了，何况网站还会给书店分成。windfall n.意外之财：意外获得的东西exploit vt.开发，开拓；剥削；开采 n.勋绩；功绩即刻运用：翻译（1）她用这一千美元的意外之财

33、买了一部新手机。（2）她意识到自己的年轻和缺乏经验正受人利用。（2）现代技术足以开发所有的海洋资源。12. But for companies that wanted to offer their products through Apples digital store, there has always been a catch: To reach customers, they had to agree to Apples terms and conditions, including sharing certain data with the company and giving it

34、 a percentage of any future sales made through the iPhone or iPad app.但对于那些希望在苹果数字商店上架产品的公司来说，一直存在隐患： 为了接触用户，他们必须同意苹果的条款与条件，包括与苹果共享某些数据， 并在未来通过iPhone或iPad应用程序达成的销售中，给苹果一定比例的分成。拓展：agree to （+n.）同意;接受agree on表示在某事方面（可为具体的事：如条款，价格等）达成一致agree with同意；符合即刻运用：翻译(1)我和你意见一致，我们不应该同意他们的计划。(Key: I agree with yo

35、u that we should not agree to their plan.)(2)两家公司已基本同意了合同上的主要条款，但他们还得磋商各项细 节。(Key: The two companies have agreed on the main items on the contract in general, but they still have to negotiate the details.)13. Unlike the music industry and other retail sectors, the centuries-old art market has been s

36、low to adapt to the digital era.不像音乐产业和其他零售行业，对于数字化时代，艺术品交易这个有着 几百年历史的行当，一直适应缓慢。adapt to 适应即刻运用：翻译(1)这个世界将会不同，所以我们必须准备好适应变化。(Key: The world will be different, and we willhave to be prepared to adapt to the change.)(2)是语言让你很难适应这里的生活吗？Was it the language?(Key: that made it hard for you to adapt to the life here)(3)他很难适应国外的新环境是因为文化问题而不是语言问题。It was