译林牛津版高中英语（必修二）(全册知识点语法考点梳理、重点题型分类巩固练习)(家教、补习、复习用).pdf

《译林牛津版高中英语（必修二）(全册知识点语法考点梳理、重点题型分类巩固练习)(家教、补习、复习用).pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《译林牛津版高中英语（必修二）(全册知识点语法考点梳理、重点题型分类巩固练习)(家教、补习、复习用).pdf（138页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、译林牛津版高中英语（必修二）重难点突破全册知识点梳理及重点题型举一反三巩固练习Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained 语言点（一）目标认知重点词汇unexplained reason,puzzled,search,incident,witness,assume,construction,occur,ab oard,research,case,dismiss,possib ility,laughter重点短语run into,step up,due to,show up,take charge of,make up,look into,重点句型not.until.引导的时

2、间状语从句see sb.doing sth.地点状语放在句首的倒装句so that知识讲解重点词汇unexplained【原句回放】Tales of the unexplained无法解释的故事（Pl）【点拨】unexplained a d j.无法解释的，神秘的如：Since our universe is filled with many unexplained,glorious phenomena,it is our duty tocontinue exploring them.既然我们的宇宙充满了很多无法解释的瑰丽的现象，那么对它们进行不断的探索就是我们的责任。归纳拓展explain

3、v.解释，说明；explanation n.解释，说明常用短语explain oneself为自己的行为做说明explain to sb.that.向某人解释.explain to sb.s th.向某人解释某事explain sth.to s b.向某人解释某事如：Your teacher tells me you havent b een to school for the last few days；I think youd b etterexplain yourself.你的老师告诉我你最近几天没去学校，我想你最好解释一下。Can you explain to me how this

4、machine works?=Can you explain how this machine works to me?你能向我解释一下这台机器是如何工作的吗?reason【原句回放】Who b uilt Stonehenge in England and for what reason?谁在英格兰建造了巨石阵,并且是出于什么原因？(Pl)【点拨】reason n.原因，理由常用结构the reason for sth./doing s th.某事/做某事的原因the reason why(for which).is.的原因是.the reason.is 由at.的原因是.如：Could yo

5、u explain the reason for choosing the particular course?你能解释一下选择这门特殊的课程的原因吗？The reason why SO many people caught the disease is still not clear.为什么如此多的人得了 这种病，其原因仍然不清楚。The reason for which these cars are so expensive is that they are largely b uilt b y hand.这些汽车昂贵的原因是它们基本上是人工组装的。易混辨析excuse,reason 和

6、cause 的区别excuse指为免受指责和推卸责任而找的理由，借口。reason指在事实的基础上，通过逻辑推理得出来的理由，常与for连用。cause意 为“起因，原因”，指引起某种结果的必然原因，即主要事实方面的原因。如：A b ad excuse is worse than no excuse.做个差劲的解释还不如不解释。Tell us the reason for your changing this plan.告诉我们你改变这个计划的原因。Heart troub le is one of the main causes of death among old people.心脏病是导致

7、老年人死亡的主要原因之一。温馨提示当 reason作主语的时候,常用that引导表语从句,而不用b ecause来引导，即用“The reason+b e+that从句”的结构。puzzled【原句回放】Boy missing,police puzzled男孩失踪,警方迷惑(P2)【点拨】puzzled a d j.困惑的，茫然的常用结构b e puzzled ab out对.感到困惑如：He was puzzled ab out my coming.他对我的到来感到困惑。归纳拓展puzzle V.(使)困惑。通常是物作主语，宾语为人。puzzle n.谜，智力游戏；难题，困惑。puzzlin

8、g a d j.令人困惑的。易混辨析puzzled 和 puzzling（1）puzzled作表语时,其主语为人;作定语时，多修饰人及表示人的属性的名词voice,look,expression 等。（2）puzzling可作表语，也可作定语，多修饰物，形容某物是“令人困惑的”。如：He looked puzzled so I repeated the question.他看起来很困惑，于是我复述了一遍这个问题。At this news,there is a puzzled look on his face.听到这则消息，他脸上露出迷惑的表情。The reply was very puzzli

9、ng to me.这个回答很令我困惑不解。search【原句回放】Police in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old b oy who wentmissing three days ago in Dover,New Hampshire.美国警方现在已经加紧对一名15岁男孩的搜索，该男孩于3 天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。（P2）【点拨】search n.&vi.&v t.搜索，搜寻，搜查常用结构in search of s th.寻找某物（作状语）search for s th.寻找某物（作谓语）in t

10、he search for s th.寻找某物（作状语）search sb.for s th.搜某人的身来寻找某物search sp.for s th.搜查某个地方来寻找某物search after搜索，寻找search out 找至lj如：Would you like to join as in search of water?你愿意和我们一起找水吗？The police are searching for the lost b oy.警察正在寻找那个丢失的男孩。He decided to search the thief for his lost wallet.他决定搜小偷的身来寻找他丢失

11、的钱包。易混辨析search 与 search for 的区别search的意思是“搜查”，其宾语一般是人、地点或者范围。search for的意思是“寻找”，其宾语是搜查之后要找到的东西。如：The police are searching the woods for the lost panda.警察正在搜查森林以寻找丢失的熊猫。We arrived at the island to search for the unknown plants.我们到达了那个岛屿，去寻找那些不知名的植物。incident【原句回放】This incident has received great inter

12、est due to reports of strange lights in the skyand of alien visits around the time the b oy disappeared.该事件引起了 公众的极大兴趣，原因是在这个男孩失踪的前后，有许多关于天空中的奇光及外星人造访地球的报道。（P2）【点拨】incident n.发生的事情（尤指不寻常的或讨厌的）如：The incident did not affect her performance.这件事情没有影响她的表演。That incident really made me know that I had a lo

13、ng way to go.那件事情让我真正意识到我还有很大一段差距。易混辨析event,accident,affair 和 incident 的区别event指有较大的社会影响的“大事”，也常指比赛项目。accident侧重指意外事故。affair常指国家事务或私人业务，一般用复数。incident侧重指不寻常的或讨厌的事情。如：The election was the main event in 2010.那次选举是2010年的主要大事。How did the Car accident happen?那次车祸是怎么发生的？The premier deals with important af

14、fairs of the state.总理处理这个国家的重要事务。He told me an incident that took place on his first day at schOO 1.他向我讲述了他上学第一天发生的一件事。witness【原句回放】Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10：45 P.l i l t.目击者们也说晚上10点 45分他们看到贾斯廷正往回家的方向走。（P2）【点拨】witness n.目击者，证人；目击，见证；v.目击，见证常用结构（b e a）witness

15、to s th.某事的见证人/为.提供证据witness s t h.目睹某事b ear/give witness to s th.为某事作证如:Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.警方呼吁这个事故的目击者出来作证。She is a witness to our wedding.她是我们婚礼的见证人。His good health is a witness to the Success of the treatment.他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的。Did anyone witness the rob b ery?有人目击了这

16、次抢劫吗？assume【原句回放】she assumed that Kelly was having a b ad dream,and sent her b ack to b ed.她认为凯利做了个噩梦，并且把她送回床上睡觉了。（P3）【点拨】assume v t.假定，认为；承担（责任）如：I assume that he has g o n e.我认为他已经走了。常用结构assume office 就职assume.to b e.假定（某人或某物）.assuming that.假设/假如.如：Assuming that it is true,what should we do now?假定

17、那是真的，我们现在该怎么办？思维拓展assumption n.假定，承担，掌握如：Your assumption is w rong.你的假定是错误的。He has assumption of pow er.他掌握大权。construction【原句回放】Mr.Foster was working that night on his road construction job,and was not homewhen these events occurred.福斯特先生那天晚上正在进行道路的施工，当这些事发生的时候他不在家。(P3)【点拨】construction n.施工；建筑物；解释如：

18、These include car manufacturing,the construction industry and tourism.这些包括汽车制造业、建筑业和旅游业。常用短语the construction industry 建筑业a wooden construction 木结构建筑b e under construction(正在)修建中如：The b uilding is under construction.这个建筑物正在修建中。This sentence b ears no other construction.这个句子没有别的解释。思维拓展construct v.建造；创

19、立；构造如：This team is constructing a b ridge which is to b e used next year.这个建筑队伍正在建造一座明年将要使用的桥。occur【原句回放】Mr.Foster was working that night on his road construction job,and was not homewhen these events occurred.福斯特先生那天晚上正在进行道路的施工，当这些事发生的时候他不在家。(P3)【点拨】occur v i.发生如：I dont want such a thing to occur a

20、gain.我不希望这样的事情再发生。Typhoons often occur in sum m er.台风通常在夏季发生。常用结构it occurs to sb.that.某人突然想起.an idea occurs to s b.某人突然想到一个主意it occurs to sb.to do s th.某人突然想起做某事如：It occurred to me that I would have a try.我突然有个念头想要试一试。It never occurred to her to ask anyone.她从未想过要问任何人。易混辨析take place,happen,occur,come

21、 ab out 与 b reak out 的区另ijtake place指按照事先的安排或计划而发生某事，多指运动、变化、进步、会议或婚礼等。happen指某事偶然或意外发生。Occur是正式用语，可指某事偶然发生或按计划发生；occur to 表 示“想起，想到二come ab out是中性词，既可以表达正面事情的发生，也可以表达负面事情的发生。b reak out仅用于负面场合，指战争、疾病、地震等灾难突然发生。如：When will the wedding take place?婚礼将在什么时候举行？Whats happening?发生什么事了?The accident occuiTed

22、 yesterday.这场事故是昨天发生的。How does the fear come ab out?恐惧是怎么产生的？The war b roke out in 1931.这场战争在 1931 年爆发。aboard【原句回放】The aliens took me ab oard the UFO so that they could do research on m e.那些外星人将我劫持到不明飞行物上。好拿我做研究。（P3）【点拨】ab oard adv.&p rep.在（轮船、飞机、火车等）上；上（轮船、飞机、火车等）常用结构go ab oard上（轮船、飞机、汽车、火车等）b e/ge

23、t ab oard the plane 上飞机Welcome ab oard!欢迎乘坐（这艘船、这趟航班、这趟车、这次列车）！AH ab oard!请各位上船/登机/上火车！如：He was already ab oard the sh ip.他已经上船了。温馨提示注意单词ab road是 副 词,意 为“去国外”,与 ab oard是形近词。research【原句回放】The aliens took me ab oard the UFO so that they could do research on m e.那些外星人将我劫持到不明飞行物上。好拿我做研究。（P3）【点拨】research

24、 n.调查，研究；vt.&v i.调查，研究常用结构do/carry out/conduct/undertake research on/into s th.对某物进行研究research on/into/in s th.对某物进行研究如：He is doing research on/into b lood disease.他在进行血液病的研究。The scientists are researching on/into/in the causes of illness.科学家们正在研究发病的原因。They are researching into ways of improving peo

25、ples diet.他们在研究如何改进人们饮食的方法。case【原句回放】.Detective Sam Peterson,who has taken charge of the case.负责调查此案的萨姆彼得森侦探（P3）【点拨】c a se n.病例，诉讼案件，箱子，盒子；v.把装于箱（或盒子）内如：The case against Mr Smith will b e judged today.对史密斯先生的诉讼案件将于今天审理。The goods have b een eased up for transport.货物装箱待运。常用结构关于ease的常用短语ineaseof“万一”，后接

26、名词或者动名词。inease“免得，以防万一”，后接从句。innoease“决不，在任何情况下都不”，置于句首时，后面要部分倒装。in any ease无论如何，总之as is the ease with 艮.样in this/that case在这/那种情况下如：In ease of fire,call 11 9.倘若有火灾，就打 119。Take a taxi in case you are late for the m eeting.乘出租车去开会，以免迟到。In no ease can we b e careless while driving.我们在开车的情况下无论如何都不能粗心。I

27、n any ease,youH have to b e at the station b y nine.无论如何，9 点钟的时候你必须到车站。As is the ease with sailors,he is too fond of alcohol.跟水手一样，他也很喜欢喝酒。They might not offer me much money.In that case,I wonl work for them.他们可能不给我那么多的钱。倘若那样的话，我就不为他们工作。dismiss【原句回放】So,while we have not dismissed the idea,we are loo

28、king into other possib ilities asw e ll.所以，虽然我们还没有排除这种可能性，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。(P3)【点拨】dismiss v t.不予考虑；解雇，解散如：You are dismissed.你被解雇了。常用结构dismiss sb.for因.而解雇某人dismiss sb./sth.a s 认为某人/某物.而不予考虑b e dismissed from被从.中解雇/去除dismiss oneself自己提出不干如：He was dismissed for his laziness in his work.他因工作懒散而被解雇了。They

29、dismissed the question as unimportant.他们认为这个问题不重要而不予考虑。He was dismissed from the schOO 1.他被学校开除了。He has dismissed himself and gone.他自己提出不干，离开了。possibility【原句回放】So,while we have not dismissed the idea,we are looking into other possib ilities asw e ll.所以，虽然我们还没有排除这种可能性，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。(P3)【点拨】possib il

30、ity n.可能性思维拓展possib ility用作不可数名词的时候，意 为“可能性，可实现性”，后面常跟o f短语或者that引导的同位语从句，意 为“的可能性”。possib ility用作可数名词的时候，其单数形式，指“可能发生的事”，其复数形式表示“发展的潜力，希望如：Is there any possib ility that he will b e elected chairman?他是否有可能被选为主席？I see great possib ilities in this project.我看到在这个项目中有巨大的潜力。归纳拓展prob ab le,likely与 possib

31、 le都表示“可能的”,其常用结构如下：通用结构做某事是有可能的。prob ab leIt is+likely+that 从句possib le固定结构Sb./Sth.b e likely to do s th.某人/某物有可能做某事。It is possib le for sb.to do s th.对某人来说做某事是有可能的。如：Are you likely to b e in London this year?你今年可能在伦敦吗？It is possib le for US to finish the task in two days.我们两天之内完成这项任务是有可能的。laughter

32、【原句回放】This news was immediately dismissed with laughter b y other scientists at MarsUniversity.这则消息很快就被火星大学里其他科学家们的笑声驱散了。(P5)【点拨】laughter n.笑,笑声如：The hall responded with laughter and whistle.大厅里回荡着笑声和口哨声。常用结构b urst into laughter 突然大笑laughter and tears 欢笑与悲伤如：Upon hearing the funny story,they b urst

33、into laughter.他们一听到这个滑稽的故事就大笑了起来。Laughter and tears are b oth part of living.欢笑和悲伤都是生活的一部分。归纳拓展laugh v.笑常用结构关于laugh的常用结构laugh al sb.嘲笑某人laugh sb.into.笑得某人做.laugh sb.out of.笑得某人不做.如:Dont laugh at the shy g irl.不要嘲笑那个害羞的女孩。The children laughed their mother into a b etter m ood.孩子们笑得他们的母亲心情好了起来。They la

34、ughed her out of her w orry.他们笑得她忘 了忧愁。思维拓展其他表示“取笑某人”的短语make fun of sb.play tricks on sb.make jokes ab out sb.重点短语run into【原句回放】You might run into a Yeti in the Himalayas,or just see a few tracks,if you are lucky!如果你是幸运的，在喜马拉雅山你可能碰见雪人。或者只是见到一些脚印。(P1)【点拨】run into偶然遇见如:I ran into an old friend in the

35、street.我在街上偶然遇见一个老朋友。归纳拓展其他表示“偶遇”的常用短语come acrossmeet withhappen to meetchance to meetmeet sb./sth.b y chancemeet sb./sth.b y accidentmeet sb./sth.unexpectedly常用结构关于run的常用短语run out用完（不及物）run out o f用完（及物）run over（指液体）溢出，（车）碾过，压过run through浏览，迅速地看，贯穿，穿过run after追捕，追求run away 逃走in the long/short run从长

36、远/短期来看如：Our supply of sugar has run o u t.我们糖的供应没了。He is always running out of money b efore pay day.他总是在发工资的日子还没到就把钱花完了。He was run over b y a b u s.他被公共汽车压了。She ran her fingers through her h a ir.她用手指理了理头发。Two policemen are running after the rob b er.两名警察正在追捕这个强盗。You can run away b ut you canI hide

37、.你可以跑到天涯海角，但却无处躲藏。He will lose money in the long ru n.他终究会把钱输掉的 jstep up【原句回放】Police in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old b oy who wentmissing three days ago in Dover,New Hampshire.美国警方现在己经加紧对一名15岁男孩的搜索，该男孩于3 天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。(P2)【点拨】step up加紧，加强，促进如：We must try our b est to

38、 step up the protection of the environment.我们必须尽全力加强对环境的保护。常用结构关于step的常用短语step out暂时外出step b y step 一步一步地step in介入，干涉，插手step into进入里面，代替某人做某工作take steps采取措施step forward主动站出来，自告奋勇step down 让位，退位如：Everyone stepped out；only I was in.所有人都出去了，只有我在。We should lake steps to protect this animal.我们应该采取措施来保护这种

39、动物。温馨提示step up后面接名词的时候，名词既可以放在中间，也可放在up的后面；如果是代词，则必须放在step和 up的中间。如：He stepped up his pace.=He stepped his pace up.他加快了步伐。“Step it up a little more!”he said to his driver.他对司机说：“再快一点!”due to【原句回放】This incident has received great interest due to reports of strange lights in the skyand of alien visits

40、 around the time the b oy disappeared.该事件引起了 公众的极大兴趣，原因是在这个男孩失踪的前后，有许多关于天空中的奇光及外星人造访地球的报道。(P2)【点拨】due to 由于，因为due to 一般用作表语，不用于句首；用于句首表“原因 的时候常用b ecause of/owing to/thankstoodue to,thanks to,b ecause oft owing to 和 b ecause 的区别duet。由于，因为，常作表语，也可作状语，但不能放于句首。Ihankslo”多亏，幸亏”，既可以表达正面意思，也可以表达讽刺意思。b ecaus

41、e of“因为”，可以指出理由，常作状语，也可作表语。owing to“归功于”，既可以表达正面意思，也可以表达反面意思。b ecause“因为”，常用于引导原因状语从句。如：His illness was due to b ad food.他生病的原因是他吃了不好的食物。Thanks to your help.I finished the work on time.多亏你的帮助我才按时完成了工作。He is ab sent today b ecause of his illness.他今天没来是因为他生病了。The train was late owing to the b ad weath

42、er.火车因为恶劣的天气而晚点了。温馨提示show up【原句回放】When Justin did not show up for lunch the next day,Mrs Foster b ecame worried andtold her husb and to call the police.到第二天午饭时分，贾斯廷(仍然)没有露面，福斯特夫人开始担心了，就让她丈夫打电话报警。(P3)【点拨】show叩“出现，露面”，不及物动词词组，相当于叩pear或者turn up。如：She promised to come at eight,b ut she hasnt shown up ye

43、t.她说好8 点来的，但是直到现在仍然还没来。常用结构关于show的常用短语show sb.around/round(sth.)带某人参观(某地)，带某人四处转转show off炫耀，卖弄show sb.in/out送某人进来/出去on show陈列，展览show an interest in在.方面有兴趣如：He showed the visitors around his schOO 1.他带领来访者参观学校。The child danced around the room,showing off to everyb ody.那个孩子满屋子地转，向每一个人都炫耀一番。Would you l

44、ike to show the old woman out to the gate?请你把这个老妇人送到大门口好吗？The pictures will b e on show in our shop.这些画将在我们商店展览。The little girl showed an interest in dancing.这个小女孩对跳舞感兴趣。take charge of【原句回放】.Detective Sam Peterson,who has taken charge of the case.负责调查此案的萨姆彼得森侦探(P3)【点拨】take charge of 负责，掌管”，作谓语，其主语是人

45、，宾语为物。如：Mr Black is taking charge of the b ig com pany.布莱克先生正在掌管那家大公司。常用短语关于charge的常用短语in charge of(某人)负责，掌管in/under the charge of 由.负责charge sb.some money for 为.向某人要价charge sb.with指控某人有.罪，使某人承担.责任free of charge 免费易混辨析in charge of 和 in/under the charge of 的区别in charge o f意 为“负责，掌管“，常与b e连用，构成b e in

46、charge o f,其主语通常为人，宾语是物。in/under the charge o f意 为“由.负责”，表被动意义，其中的o f不能去掉，常与b e连用，其主语是物，宾语是人。make up【原句回放】Sometimes people make up such amazing stories.人们有时候编造这类令人惊奇的故事。(P3)【点拨】make up编造，捏造，杜撰如：Can you make up a dialogue,using the following words?你能用下面的单词编一个对话吗？归纳拓展(1)make up与介词for连 用,意 为“弥补，补偿如：I s

47、hould work harder to make up for the lost time.我该更加努力工作以弥补浪费的时间。(2)make up 意为组成”，常构成(b e)made up of。如：A special medical team made up of ten doctors was sent to the area.一个由10位医生组成的特殊医疗队已被派往该地区。(3)makeup意 为“(演员等)化妆”，为不及物动词。如：Most women make up every day now.现在大多数妇女每天都化妆。(4)make up意 为“准备,布置”，为及物动词。如：T

48、hey made up a b ed for the unexpected guest.他们为这个不速之客准备床铺。常用结构关于make的常用短语make.into把.制成，使转变成make out辨认出，看出；弄清楚，搞明白make use of 利用make up ones mind 下定决心make it成功，达到目的make sure确保，有把握make sense有道理，讲得通make a difference有关系，有影响易混辨析(l)b e made of 和 b e made from 的区另 ijb e made of 由制成/组成”，看得出原材料的样子。b e made f

49、rom”由.制成/组成”，看不出原材料的样子。如：The house is made of w ood.这所房子是由木头建成的。Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是由葡萄酿成的。(2)be made in,be made out of 和 be made up of 的区别be made in“产于某地”，后面接的是生产地方。be made out of 由.改制成，后面接的是原材料。be made up of”由组成”，后面接的是组成部分。如：This kind of TV set is made in C h in a.这种电视机产于中国。Her dress was

50、made out of old curtains.她的衣服是由旧窗帘改制成的。The band is made up of three girls.这个乐队由3个女孩组成。look into【原句回放】So,while we have not dismissed the idea,we are looking into other possibilities asw e ll.所以，虽然我们还没有排除这种可能性，但是我们也在调查其他的可能性。(P3)【点拨】look inlo调查；检查如：A committee was set up to look into the causes of the