2021-2022学年江苏省常熟市高一下学期期中英语试题.pdf

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1、2021-2022学年第二学期期中试卷高一英语注意事项：1.本试卷分为选择题和非选择题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.请将选择题的答案填涂在答题卷上，非选择题请直接在答题卷上规定的地方作答，答题前，务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号等相关信息写在答题卡上规定的地方。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题L 5 分，满分7.5分）听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小

2、题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What happened this morning?A.The woman quarreled with her boss.B.The woman overslept.C.The alarm clock didnt go off.2.What is the woman looking for?A.Her hat.B.Her coat.C.Her gloves.3.Where is the man going probably?A.To a hotel bar.B.To his room.C.To a restaurant.4.How much will the ma

3、n pay?A.$15.B.$30.C.$60.5.What are the speakers doing?A.Reading a book.B.Reading a letter.C.Collecting money.第二节（共 15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6 段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Why does the woman make the call?A.T

4、here is no hot water.B.The shower handle cant be turned.C The breakfast is rather bad.7.What will the woman do this morning?A.Wash her clothes.B.Have some appointments.C.Have her hair cut.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.At a school.B.At a cinema.C.At Lilys house.9

5、.What movie award show does the woman invite the man to watch?A.The Hundred Flowers Awards.B.The Cannes Film Festival.C.The Golden Rooster Awards.10.What does the woman like about movie award shows?A.The actors.B.The dresses.C.The stage.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What did the woman do after failing to find

6、 her car?A.She went to the police station.B.She called the police for help.C.She took the underground back home.12.Why was the woman unable to find her car?A.Because she had the car stolen.B.Because she had the car pulled away.C.Because she took the wrong exit.13.How did the woman feel that day?A.Ha

7、ppy.B.Silly.C.Angry.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whats the probable relationship between the two speakers?A.Husband and wife.B.Brother and sister.C.Friends.15.What can we know about the woman?A.Shes the only child.B.Shes the youngest child.C.Shes the eldest child.16.Whats the main reason why the man wants a

8、second child?A.Reducing the aging population.B.Solving the labor shortage problem.C.Keeping his son company.17.What worries the mans wife most in having a second child?A.The influence on her career.B.The high cost of childcare and living.C.The balance between her work and family.听第10段材料，回答第18至 20题。1

9、8.What is the purpose of the project?A.To help students prepare fbr the real life.B.To teach students to write application letters.C.To let students know about some typical jobs.19 Who will help students to write application letters?A.A teacher.B.The headmaster.C.A member of the committee.20.What is

10、 the last step of doing the project?A.Make a list of suitable jobs.B.Gather students opinions.C.Ask students to lake on responsibility.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Curb-cut Effect（路缘坡效应）refers to the fact that supporting small groups of peopl

11、e often ends uphelping much larger ranges of society.Curb cuts:Easing the walkingIn the 1940s,hundreds of thousands of World War II soldiers returned home with disabilities.Disappointed bythe difficulties they faced,Jack Fisher of Kalamazoo,Michigan,as one of them,asked his city government to build

12、anexperimental curb cut-a gentle slope that brings the end of a sidewalk down to meet the level of the street-at thecorners of several blocks downtown.A few months later,Fisher reported that even residents without wheelchairswere enjoying the impact of the little slopes.Reading machines:Getting the

13、messageIn 1976,technologist Ray Kurzweil invented a machine for the blind and visually damaged to change imagesinto text that it then read aloud.Smart speakers with those voices are now in roughly one-quarter of US homes.Bydetecting street signs and house numbers,it is helping build the maps that se

14、lf-driving cars use to navigate the world.Closed captions（字幕）:Following the conversationSears launched the first TV with a built-in equipment that allowed deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers to readalong with their favorite programs in 1980.In the 1990s,text became increasingly common as DVDs and,later

15、,streaming services added the ability to switch the words on at will.A 2006 survey found that only around 20 percentof the people using captions had hearing problems.DeafSpace designs:Keeping things quietMore than 150 designs of the DeafSpace Project came from architect Hansel Bauman.One aim is to c

16、leardistracting noises,which can make it difficult for people to use their limited hearing abilities.By keepingconversations and other sound disturbances from walking and jumping around the room,these ways also make iteasier for all sorts of students and workers to focus.CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMAT

17、ION1.Who were the four inventions initially intended to serve?A.The army.B.Special groups.C.All human beings.D.Professionals.2.What might be Jack Fisher?A.A city designer.B.A city governor.C.A disabled soldier.D.An ordinary roadman.3.Whose invention helps people to concentrate?A.Sears,.B.Jack Fisher

18、s.C.Ray Kurzweils.D.Hansel Baumans.【答案】l.B 2.C 3.D保 斤】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了四种针对特殊人群的发明设计。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据 Curb cuts:Easing the walking 段落下“In the 1940s,hundreds of thousands of World War IIsoldiers returned home with disabilities.Disappointed by the difficulties they faced,Jack Fisher of Kalamazoo,Michigan,

19、as one of them,asked his city government to build an experimental curb cut-a gentle slope that bringsthe end of a sidewalk down to meet the level of the street-at the comers of several blocks downtown.（20 世 名 已 40 年代，数卜万二战士兵带着伤残返乡。密歇根州卡拉马祖市的Jack Fisher,就是其中一员，对他们所面临的困难感到失望，他要求市政府在市中心几个街区的拐角处建造试用性的路缘

20、坡一一一种使人行道末端向下延伸与街道水平面相接的缓坡）”可知,路缘坡的设计是为了方便行动不便的人;根据Reading machines:Gettingthe message 段落下“In 1976,technologist Ray Kurzweil invented a machine for the blind and visually damaged tochange images into text that it then read aloud.（1976 年，技术专家 Ray Kurzweil 为盲人和视力受损者发明了一种机器，将图像转换成文本，然后大声朗读）”可知，这种机器专为盲人

21、和视力受损者而发明；根据Closedcaptions（字幕）:Following the conversation 段落下“Sears launched the first TV with a built-in equipment thatallowed deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers to read along with their favorite programs in 1980.（1980 年，Sears 推出了第一台内置设备的电视，使聋哑人和听力困难人群能够阅读他们喜爱的节目）”可知，这种电视是为有听力障碍的人设计的；根据 DeafSpace des

22、igns:Keeping things quiet 段落下 uOne aim is to clear distracting noises,which can make it difficult for people to use their limited hearing abilities.（一个目标是清除分散注意力的噪音，这些噪音会使听力受限的人们难以使用有限的听力）”可知，这是为听力受限的人们设计的。综上可知，这四项发明创造都是针对特殊人群的。故选B。【2 题详解】推理判断题。根据 Curb cuts:Easing the walking 段落下“Jack Fisher of Kala

23、mazoo,Michigan,as one of them（密歇根州卡拉马祖市的Jack Fisher,就是其中一员）”，句中的them指 代“World War II soldiers returned homewith disabilities（二战的伤残士兵）”，由此可推知Fisher是一名伤残士兵。故选C。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据 DeafSpace designs:Keeping things quiet 段落下 u these ways also make it easier for all sorts ofstudents and workers to focus.（这些方

24、法也使各种各样的学生和工作者更容易集中注意力）”可知，DeafSpacedesigns 这项发明设计有助于集中注意力，由“More than 150 designs of the DeafSpace Project came fromarchitect Hansel Bauman.（DeafSpace 项目的 150 多个设计来自建筑师 Hansel Bauman）v 可知，这是由 HanselBauman发明设计的。故选D。BGrowing up in a Jamaican-American household,food was an important part of my childho

25、od.I remember mygrandmother preparing fried dumplings and curry mutton,jazz music playing in the background.Food was ourgreatest treasure.Food brought the family together.Food celebrated new beginnings and eased the wounds of lifesuntimely（过早的）endings.When I was 8,1 was diagnosed with a muscle disea

26、se,which caused me to spend most of my childhood inhospital rooms and wheelchairs,slowly gaining weight by swallowing prednisone（泼尼松药）hidden inside mintchocolate chip ice cream.My mom made it her duty to help me lose the weight through strict dieting.Eve tried everysingle one.In fairness,my mother d

27、id the best she could.As a single mom,she felt this brought us closer.However,asan adult,I began to experience a paralyzing fear of food.My Ill start a new diet on Monday mind-set lasted for 16years as I uncontrollably ate and abused my body.I was wonied that I was not attractive enough.So obsessed（

28、困扰的）and afraid no one would hire me as an actress if I didnt win the battle with the numbers on the scale,in February2011,1 attempted to kill myself and landed in the hospital for multiple days.We do extreme things to our bodies because of those numbers.Numbers that cannot talk with us or love us.Ih

29、ave had to stop judging my belly,stop starving myself,stop getting on the scale and staring at those numbers.I havecome to the realization that my life is more important than those numbers on the scale and that the quality of the lifeI live is more important than how I look in the mirror.4.What role

30、 did food play in authors childhood?A.It healed her physical wounds.C.It was a source of family income.5.What made the mother feel closer to her daughter?A.Making cooking her daily duty.C.Limiting the author to a strict diet.B.It strengthened the family bond.D.It marked the end of someones life.B.Ra

31、ising the author as a single mom.D.Preparing healthy food for the author.6.Why did the author want to kill herself?A.Because she hated food.B.Because she lost the battle with her disease.C.Because she was concerned that she would not get a job.D.Because she was worried about her worsening health sta

32、te.7.How does the author feel about her weight now?A.Nervous.B.Satisfied.C.Worried.D.Unconcerned.【答案】4.B 5.C 6.C 7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者因为体重的数字对自己做出极端的事情，然后意识到生命比这些数字更重要，自己生活的质量比自己在镜子里的样子更重要。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Food brought the family together.（食物使一家人团聚在一起）”可知，在作者的童年，食物是加强家庭联系的纽带。故选B。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二

33、段 My mom made it her duty to help me lose the weight through strict dieting.Ive triedevery single one.In fairness,my mother did the best she could.As a single mom,she felt this brought us closer.（我妈妈通过严格的节食来帮助我减肥，这是她的责任。我都试过了。公平地说，我妈妈已经尽力了。作为一个单身母亲，她觉得这让我们更亲密）”可知，严格限制作者的饮食，使母亲感觉与女儿更亲近。故选C。【6 题详解】细节理

34、解题。根据第二段 So obsessed and afraid no one would hire me as an actress if I didnt win the battle withthe numbers on the scale,in February 2011 I attempted suicide and landed in the hospital fbr multiple days.（我如此痴迷于此，害怕如果我不能在与数字的较量中取胜，就没有人会雇用我当演员。2011年 2 月，我试图自杀，结果在医院里住了好几天）”可知，她对失业的焦虑是导致作者企图自杀的直接原因。故选C

35、。【7 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I have come to the realization that my life is more important than those numbers onthe scale and that the quality of the life I live is more important than how I look in the mirror.（我己经意识到我的生命比这些数字更重要，我生活的质量比我在镜子里的样子更重要）”可推知，作者现在对自己的体重毫不在意。故选D。CAs people across the globe struggl

36、ed with higher levels of stress,depression and anxiety this past year,manyturned to their favorite comfort foods:ice cream,pizza,hamburgers.But studies in recent years suggest that thehigh-sugar and high-fat foods when we are stressed or depressed,as comforting as they may seem,are the least likelyt

37、o benefit our mental health.Instead,whole foods such as vegetables,fruit,fish,eggs,nuts may be a better bet.Historically,nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect our physical health,ratherthan our mental health,though.Over the years,large population studies have found th

38、at people assigned to follow aMediterranean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months comparedto a control group.Public health experts around the world have started encouraging people to adopt lifestyle behaviors likeexercise sound sleep,a heart-health

39、y diet and avoiding smoking that may reduce inflammation（发炎）and havebenefits for the brain.Individual clinicians are already including nutrition into their work with patients.Dr.DrewRamsey,a clinical professor at the Columbia University,begins his meetings with new patients by exploring their diet.H

40、e asks what they eat,learns their favorite foods,and finds out if foods that he considers important fbr the connectionare missing from their diets,such as plants,seafood.Dr.Ramsey said he does not wat people to think that the only factor involved in brain heath is food.Lots ofpeople get their food e

41、xactly right,live very active lives,and still have significant troubles with their mental health,“he said.But he also teaches people that food can be empowering.4tWe cant control our genes,he said.But we cancontrol how we eat,and that gives people actionable things that they can do to take care of t

42、heir brain health on a dailybasis.”8.What do previous nutrition studies mainly focus on?A.How our diets affect our mental health.B.How our diets affect our physical health.C.How our mental health affects our diets.D.How our physical health affects our diets.9.Why are individual clinicians including

43、nutrition into their work with patients?A.They try to cater to their patients9 needs.B.They are questioning public health experts.C.They want to prove the effectiveness of healthy diets.D.They have accepted the findings of large population studies.10.Which of the following might Dr.Ramsey agree with

44、?A.Some connection exists between our diets and mental health.B.People can control their genes as well as how they eat.C.People living active lives will not have mental problems.D.Eating a healthy diet is going to cure depression.11.What is the main idea of the text?A.People with anxiety usually tur

45、n to food for comfort.B.The daily diet is the factor connected with brain health.C.Controlling the way we eat is likely to benefit our mental health.D.Having a high-sugar diet can reduce symptoms of depression.【答案】8.B 9.D 10.A 11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响心理健康，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。【8 题详解】细节理解题

46、。根据第二段“Historically,nutrition research has focused largely on how the foods we eat affect ourphysical health,rather than our mental health,though.（然而，从历史上看，营养研究主要关注我们所吃的食物如何影响我们的身体健康，而不是我们的心理健康）”可知，以前的营养研究主要关注我们的饮食如何影响我们的身体健康。故选B 项。【9 题详解】推理判断题。根 据 第 二 段 Over the years,large population studies have

47、found that people assigned to follow aMediteiTanean diet for three months had greater reductions in symptoms of depression after three months comparedto a control group.（多年来，大量的人口研究发现，与对照组相比，被指定遵循地中海饮食法三个月的人在三个月后抑郁症状的减轻程度更大）”可知，大量人口研究结果显示，遵循地中海饮食法的人会减轻病症，所以个别临床医生要求将营养纳入他们对患者的工作是因为他们接受了大量人口研究的结果。故选D

48、项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But we can control how we eat,and that gives people actionable things that they cando to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.（但我们可以控制我们的饮食方式，这让人们可以采取行动，每天都可以照顾自己的大脑健康）”可知，拉姆齐博士认为控制饮食方式可以让人们采取行动照顾自己的大脑健康，所以他同意饮食和心理健康之间存在某种联系。故选A 项。【I I 题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 But studies in

49、 recent years suggest that the high-sugar and high-fat foods when we arestressed or depressed,as comforting as they may seem,are the least likely to benefit our mental health.（但是最近几年的研究表明，当我们感到压力或抑郁时，高糖和高脂肪的食物虽然看起来很舒服，但对我们的心理健康最不可能有好处）”以及最后一段But we can control how we eat,and that gives people action

50、able things thatthey can do to take care of their brain health on a daily basis.（但我们可以控制我们的饮食方式，这让人们可以采取行动，每天都可以照顾自己的大脑健康）”可知，文章主要介绍了人们所吃的食物会影响心理健康，控制饮食方式可能有益于人们的心理健康。故选C 项。DThis season,the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land.At least 25 peoplehave been killed an