2021年山东专升本英语核心词汇.pdf
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1、1.able/ability/enable/unable/disable/disabled/disabilityable的同根词用法一致,后接不定式。比较:be able to do sth./be capable of(doing)sth.2.动词词缀:en-+adj./n.或 adj./n.+/-enenable/enlarge/enrich/encourage/brighten/widen/worsen/shaq)en/strengthen/heighten/lengthen3.abandon v t.放弃,抛弃,放纵abandon oneself to 纵情于,沉 溺 于(=be ad
2、dicted to)4.aboard adv.在 船(车)上,上船abroad adv.在国外,到国外board n.木板 on board在船上broad a d j.宽的,宽阔的5.absent ad j.不在的,缺席的(反:present)6.absolute ad j.完全的,绝对的7.absorb v t.吸收,吸引be absorbed in 全神贯注于8.abundant ad j.丰富的,大 量 的(=plentiful)9.access n.通路,接近,入门have access to 接近,有权使用e.g.Citizens may have free access to t
3、he public library.10.accident n.意外事件,事故by accident 偶 然(=by chance)(on purpose 故意)13.account n.计算,帐目,说明,解释on account of 由于take.into account 考虑至l (=take into consideration)account fo r解释,说明14.accuse v t.指责,控告accuse sb.of s h.因某事控告某人(同:charge sb.with sth.因某事控告某人)e.g.He was accused of robbing the bank a
4、nd sentenced ten years in jail.His mother charged him with being lazy.15.achieve v t.完成,达到achievement n.成就,功绩16.action n.动作,行动,举动take action to do sth.采 取 行 动 做 某 事(同:take measures to do sth.)17.actor n.男演员-*actress n.女演员类似:waitress(女侍者,女服务生),hostess(女主人),princess(公主,王妃)18.adapt v t.使适应,改编adapt ones
5、elf to sth.适应(=adjust oneself to sth.)e.g.He adapted/adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the country.比较:adopt v t.采用,收养19.advance n,前进,提升 v.前进,提前in advance预先,提前20.advantage n.优势,有利条件(反:disadvantage n.不利条件,缺点)have an advantage over 胜过,占优势take advantage of 利用21.advertise v.为做广告advertisemen
6、t/ad n.广告22.advise v t.劝告,忠告advise sb.to do sth.劝说(强调动作)persuade sb.to do sth.说服(强调结果)注意:advise的宾语从句或It is advised that结构的主语从句,需使用should型虚拟语气。advice n.忠告,建议23.afford v t.买得起,负担得起 sth.(a new car,vacation,etc.)to do sth.24.agree v i.同意,赞成agree with sb.agree on s t h.(经过讨论后)就达成一致agree to sth.(plan,prop
7、osal,etc.)agreement n.同意,一致 in-with 与,,一致disagree v i.不一致,有分歧25.aim a t 以为目标,旨在26.allow v t.允许 sb.to do sth.(=permit sb.to do sth.)27.alternative n.可供选择的办法,抉择have no but to do 别无选择,只得,一 (=have no choice but to do)比较:have nothing to do but do28.amaze/astonish/surprise/shock v t.使吃惊ed ing29.ambition n
8、.野心,雄心ambitious a d j.有雄心的,野心勃勃的30.amuse vt.娱乐,消遣 ment n.sb.with s t h.用某物逗/取悦某人oneself by doing s t h.做某事来消遣31.analyze v t.分析,分解 analysis analyst33.anniversary n.周年纪念 twentieth annual ad j.每年的,年度的34.anxious ad j.焦虑的,担心的be about/for sth.对感到忧虑be to do sth.渴望做某事(=be eager to do=long to do)anxiety n.35
9、.apology n.道歉 make an to sb.for sth.apologize v.道歉 to sb.for sth.36.appeal v.呼吁,恳求 to sb.to do sth.37.apply v t.申请,应用(to sb.)for sth.申请 sth.to(someplace)应用application applicant38.appoint v t.约定,任命appointment n.约会,约定(因工作需要)比较:date(男女约会)39.appreciate v t.赏识,鉴赏,感激40.approach v t.接近 n.接近,方法,步骤41.appropr
10、iate ad j.适当的,恰当的42.approve v t.赞成,批准。f 赞同,赞成ment dis-43.arise v i.出现,发生rise v i.升起,上升arouse v t.唤醒,唤起 one s curiosity,consciousnessraise v t.抬起,举起44.arrest vt./n.逮捕,拘留under-被拘捕45.artificial ad j.人造的,假 的(反:natural,genuine)46.assign v t.分配,指派 sb.to do sth.分派某人做某事sth.to s b.分派某事给某人.with.e.g.She always
11、 associated happiness with having money.使确信 sb.of sth.e.g.He assured her of his love.ensure v t.确保,确 保 sb.sth.确保某人获得某物e.g.These p ills w ill you a good night s sleep.insure v t.给.保险 sb.insurance n.确保 sth.e.g.His talent and dedication will his success.49.attach v t.系,贴,附 力 口to.把贴上,放到上-importance/sign
12、ificance to 强调,看 重(介词不用 on)50.attack vt./n.进攻,攻击 under 51.attempt vt./n.尝试,企图-to d o 企图,努力in an-to d o 试图,力图52.attention n.注意,关心 pay to sth.53.attract v t.吸弓I attractive adj.attraction n.distract(反,v.)54.authority n.权威,威信,权威人士(pl.)the authorities 当局,官方authoritative ad j.权威的,有权威的authorize v.批准,授权-sb.
13、to do sth.55.automatic a d j.自动的,无意识的,机械的automobile n.汽 车(=motor car)56.available a d j.能得到的,可利用的57.average n.平均 on 平均58.avoid v t.避免,消除avoidable ad j.可避免的 unavoidable/inevitable ad j.不可避免的,必然的59.await v t.等候(=wait for)60.award n.奖品 v t.授予 be awarded sth.reward vt./n.报答,奖赏-sb.for sth.因而报答某人 sb.with
14、sth.用酬劳某人in fo r作为对回报61.aware/conscious adj.知道的,明白的,意识到的be o f 意识到62.awkward ad j.笨拙的,尴尬的63.bachelor n.单身汉,文理学士 a s degree 学士学位(master,doctor)64.backward adv./adj.向后地(的)-ward 向,的 forward,upward,downward65.balance n.天平,平衡keep ones lose 66.bare ad j.赤裸的,无遮蔽的(身体局部)feet,arm,headnaked ad j.裸体的,无遮盖的(全身)67
15、.base n.基础,根据地,基地(具体的事物)v t.以 作基础 be based o n 建立在基础上basis n.基础,基本,根据 on the of(theory,experiment)(抽象的事物)basic ad j,基本的68.bear n.熊 v.负担,忍受 sth.in mind 记住69.beat v.打,打败70.behalf n.利益,支持 on behalf of 代表71.behave v i.举动,举止-o n e s e lf举止得体behavior n.举止,行为72.believe v.相信 believe in 信任,信仰belief n.信任,信仰73
16、.belong t o 属于(无被动态)e.g.The house belongs to him.74.benefit n.利益,好 处 vt.有益于,有助于to one*s对有利 from 从受益75.bitter ad j.痛苦的,严酷的,难受的76.blame v t.责备,谴责(sb.)be to blame 该受责备-sb.for sth.将归咎于某人77.bold ad j.大胆的,勇敢的,莽撞的78.bore v.使烦扰 boring(物)bored(人)79.bound ad j.有义务的,注 定 的 beto do 一定要,注定要ad j.开往去的 be-for spL80.
17、boundary n.边界,分 界 线(表明一区域外缘的明显的,具有限制作用的线)border n.边界,国 界(两国之间的边界线,有分割政治实体的作用)81.brief ad j.简短的,短暂的 in 简而言之(=in one word,to conclude,to be simple)82.business n.商业,交易,事务on因公事,出差It s none of your 与你无关83.calm adj.平静的,镇静的,沉着的 v.(使)平静,(使)镇定,平息84.campaign n.战役,(政治或商业性)活动,竞选运动(强调有目的的大规模军事行动)battle 一场战役中的一次战
18、斗struggle侧重政治和精神斗争conflict指武力或思想上的冲突champion n.冠军 champagne n.香槟酒85.campus n.校园 on schoolyard n.校园,运动场 in the 86.cancel v t.取消,删去87.candidate n.候选人88.capture v t.俘获,捕获89.career n.事业,生涯,指终生从事的事业。jo b 暗示可获得报酬的工作。w ork覆盖范围最广,不可数名词。profession强调受过高等教育才能担任的职务。90.case n.病例,案例,情形,场合in-o f 万一,在情况下in no case
19、决 不(=under no circumstances,by no means,置于句首,采用倒装句式)91.cash n,现金 to pay in c a s h 用现金支付92.casual ad j.偶然的,随便的,临时的93.celebrate v,庆祝,祝贺,表扬 celebration n.94.ceremony n.典礼,仪式95.certificate n.证书,证明书 birth 出生证明 marriage 结婚证96.challenge n.挑战 v t.向.挑战challenging a d j.富有挑战性的97.charge v.掌管,控诉,收费free of-免费in
20、 charge o f 负责,掌管in the charge o f 由负责,掌管charge sb.with sth.控告(=accuse sb.of sth.)98.cheat v.欺骗,骗取cheat sb.into doing sth.骗某人去做某事cheat sb.out of sth.骗走某人某物99.check in 登记入住 check o u l付账后离开100.chief ad j.主要的,首要的,首席的101.choice n.选择,抉择have no-but to do sth.另 U 无选择,只能做某事(=have no alternative but to do)c
21、hoose v.选择,选定102.classify v t.分类,分等 classification n.103.clarify v.澄清,阐明 clear adj.104.client n.客户,委托人105.climate n.气候(某地区固有的天气状况)weather n.天 气(某地区短时间内的天气变化)106.coach n.长途汽车,教练 v.训练,指导107.colleague n.同事,同僚比较:college n.(综合大学中的)学院A with B A and Bunder one s 在的控制/掌握之下on sth.对作评论suicide,murder,mistake,e
22、rrorhave much/little/nothing in-有 很 多(很少/没有)共同之处 sense常识 with s b.和某人交流-A with B将 A 与 B 进行比较-AtoB 将 A 与 B 进行比较;将 A 比作B(侧重此义)contrast v t.使与 对比,使与 对 照(侧重difference)explain v.解释 explanation n.be ed of 由构成(=be made up of=consist of)123.concentrate v.集中,浓缩 o n 集中精力于124.concept n.观念,概念125.concern vt./n.涉
23、及,(利害)关系,关心as far as sb./sth.be concerned 就而言beed about 关心beed w ith牵涉到126.conclude v.结束,终止,作出结论 to 总而言之127.confess v.承认,坦白,忏悔to(doing)sth.承认/供认做了(坏事)128.confidence n.信心 have-in 对有信心confident a d j.自信的,确 信 的 beo f 对有信心类比:take pride in/be proud o f 为感到骄傲129.confront v t.使面临,对抗be ed with 面对,面临(=face u
24、p to)130.confuse vt.使迷惑,使糊涂 confusion n.ed,ing131.congratulate v t.祝贺,庆贺 sb.on sth.132.considerable ad j.相当大(或多)的,相当可观的considerate ad j.考虑周到的,体谅的133.construct v t.建造,构造construction n.destruction n.破坏,毁灭destroy v.134.consult v.咨询,请教,查阅 reference books,dictionary,authority with s b.与商量consumer n.消费者co
25、nsumption n.消费,消费量136.content n.内容,目录(pl.)ad j.满足的,满意的137.contrary ad j.相反的,逆的on the 恰恰相反contract n.合同,契约contrast vi./n.对比,对照 to sth.导致(=leadto)140.control n./vt.控制,支配out of-失去控制under-处于控制之下141.convenient ad j.便利的,方便的inconvenient adj.convenience n.142.convince v.使确信,使信服-sb.of sth.使某人相信某事143.cooperat
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