大学综合英语期末复习.pdf

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1、大 学 综 合 英 语 期 末 复 习 学 校：昆 明 理 工 大 学 你 心 上 大 学 综 合 英 语 考 试 考 试 时 间：2013年 6月 21日 下 午 13:30 16:00综 合 部 分：(总 分 100分；课 内 占 55%,课 外 占 45%)：Part I Writing 15%以 综 合 教 材 中 某 个 单 元 的 主 题 为 话 题 写 一 篇 作 文 Part II Reading Comprehension 40%(4篇 文 章，每 篇 5题 选 择，每 题 2 分)其 中 两 篇 来 自 课 外，一 篇 选 自 综 合 教 材 Practice Text I

2、(Units 1-4)或 者 Practice TextII(Units 5-8),还 有 一 篇 选 自 蓝 鸽 平 台Part III Vocabulary 25%（25题 选 择，主 要 由 由 平 台 以 及 综 合 教 程 上 的 选 词 填 空 改 编）Part IV Cloze 10%（20题 选 择，由 背 诵 课 文 Text B 改 编）Part V Translation 10%（5题 半 句 翻 译，由 课 后 翻 译 练 习 改 编）视 听 说 部 分：（总 分：100分;课 内 占 55%,课 外 占 45%）1.Short Conversations:10 题，每

3、 题 2 分，共 20 分；课 外 2.Long Conversations:2 篇，10 题，每 题 2.5 分，共 25 分；课 内 3.Passages:3篇 15题，每 题 3 分，共 45分；课 内&课 外 4.Dictation：1篇，10个 空，每 空 1分；课 外（A 班 及 卓 越 班 选 自 VOA）大 学 综 合 英 语 阅 读 理 解 学 校：昆 明 理 工 大 学 你 心 上(以 下 四 篇 为 重 点，必 考 一 篇，由 于 时 间 关 系，我 整 理 的 阅 读 理 解 的 答 案，请 大 家 记 住 答 案，不 要 记 住 选 项，出 题 老 师 会 打 乱 顺

4、 序。)Practice Text I(Units 1-4)Passage oneQuestion 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.When I was 15,I announced to my English class that I was going to write.The whole classnearly fell out of their chairs laughing.Dont be silly.Only geniuses can become writers,One classmate said to me.I was

5、so humiliated I burst into tears.That night I wrote a sad poem about broken dreams andmailed it to a local newspaper.To my astonishment they published it,and sent me two dollars.Ishowed the poem to my follow students.Again they laughed.Just plain dumb luck/they said.Id tasted success.That was more t

6、han any of them had done,and if it was just dumb luck Jthat was fine with me.During the next two years I sold dozens of poems,letters,jokes,etc.By the time I graduatedfrom high school,I had published quite a lot,but I never mentioned my writing to my friends again.They were dream killers.But sometim

7、es you do find a friend who supports your dreams.Its easy to write a book,1 thatnew friend told me.HYou can do it.I had four children at the time,and the oldest was only four.We lived on a goat farm inOklahoma,miles from anyone.All I had to do each day was take care of four kids,milk goats,anddo the

8、 cooking,laundry and gardening.While the children napped,I typed on my ancient typewriter.I wrote what I felt.It took ninemonths,just like a baby.I chose a publisher at random and put the manuscript in an empty diaper box,the only box Icould find,The letter I enclosed read:I wrote this book myself,I

9、 hope you like it.”A month later I received a contract and a request to start working on another book.Crying Wind became a bestseller,I appeared on TV talk shows.I traveled from New York toCalifornia and Canada on promotional tours.My first book also became required reading inschools in Canada.Peopl

10、e ask what college I attended,what degrees I have,and what qualifications I have to bea writer.The answer is none.I just write.Fm not a genius,and Im not gifted.十 五 岁 的 时 候，我 对 班 上 同 学 宣 布 说 准 备 写 书。一 半 的 学 生 开 始 窃 笑，其 余 的 则 儿 乎 从 椅 子 上 笑 得 跌 到 地 上。“别 傻 了，只 有 天 才 才 能 成 为 作 家，”一 个 同 学 对 我 说。我 羞 愧 得 大

11、 哭 起 来。那 天 晚 上，我 写 了 一 首 关 于 梦 想 破 灭 的 伤 心 短 诗，并 将 它 寄 给 了 当 地 的 报 社。出 乎 意 料 的 是，他 们 发 表 了 这 首 小 诗 并 给 我 寄 来 了 两 美 元。我 是 作 家 了，我 的 作 品 发 表 了 并 因 此 而 得 到 了 报 酬。我 拿 给 老 师 和 同 学 看，他 们 再 一 次 的 嘲 笑 我。“瞎 猫 逮 着 死 耗 子，”我 的 第 一 篇 作 品 就 卖 出 去 了。这 比 他 们 任 何 人 做 的 都 强，如 果 这 是 瞎 猫 逮 着 死 耗 子，那 么 我 不 在 乎。在 接 下 来 的

12、 两 年 里，我 卖 掉 了 几 十 首 诗 歌、书 信、笑 话 和 食 谱。中 学 毕 业 时，我 的 剪 贴 簿 里 已 经 贴 满 了 我 发 表 的 作 品。我 再 也 没 有 将 自 己 的 写 作 情 况 告 诉 朋 友。他 们 都 是 无 情 的 摧 梦 者。但 是 有 时 也 有 朋 友 会 支 持 你 的 梦 想，”写 作 对 你 来 说 是 简 单 的，”一 个 新 的 朋 友 告 诉 我,“你 能 做 到 的。”现 时 我 有 四 个 孩 子，最 大 的 只 有 四 岁。孩 子 们 进 入 梦 乡 时.，我 就 在 那 台 老 掉 牙 的 打 字 机 前 打 字，我 写

13、下 自 己 的 感 受，这 花 了 我 九 个 月 的 时 间，就 像 十 月 怀 胎。我 随 意 选 择 了 一 家 出 版 社，将 手 稿 用 空 的 尿 布 盒 子 包 起 来。在 附 信 中 我 写 道：”这 本 书 是 我 自 己 写 的，希 望 你 喜 欢。一 个 月 后，我 收 到 一 份 合 同、一 份 预 付 款，以 及 另 一 本 书 的 约 稿。我 的 书 哭 泣 的 风 成 了 最 畅 销 的 书。白 天 我 出 现 在 电 视 上 的 访 谈 节 目 中，晚 上 则 回 家 换 尿 片。为 了 去 领 各 种 奖 项，我 从 纽 约 来 到 加 利 福 尼 亚、加 拿

14、 大。我 的 第 一 本 书 被 列 为 加 拿 大 本 土 美 语 学 校 的 必 读 课 程。人 们 问 我 曾 上 过 什 么 大 学，曾 得 过 什 么 学 位，曾 获 过 什 么 资 格 证 书 才 可 以 成 为 作 家。答 案 是：“什 么 也 不 需 要。”我 只 是 写。我 不 是 天 才。57.The best title of this passage would be Never give up.58.The laughing of the whole class at the authors dream implied that they believed that

15、shewas too simple and naive.59.The authordid not show her publications to her classmates again because she knew shecould not get any encouragement from them.6O.The authors determination on writing might come from the following EXCEPT herteachers praise.6 1.The authors story proves that perseverance

16、is essential for ones success.Passage twoChris Peterson was teaching a class in psychology at Virginia Tech when he told his studentsto fill out a carefully designed test that determines a persons level of optimism andpessimism.The students also answered questions about their general health,includin

17、g how oftenthey went to a doctor.Peterson followed the health of his student the following year and discovered that thepessimists had twice as many diseases and made twice as many trips to the doctor as the optimists.Later,Mattin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania and two of his colleagues,u

18、singinterviews and blood tests,found that optimists have better immune（免 疫 的）activity thanpessimists.Why?One big factor is that Pessimistic individualsas Seligman writes,5get depressedmore easily and more often.When a person is depressed,certain brain hormones become reduced,creating a chain ofbioch

19、emical events that end up slowing down the activity if the immune system.Optimists also look at information in more depth to find out what they can do about the riskfactors,In a study by Lisa Aspinwall,at the University of Maryland,subjects read health-relatedinformation on cancer and other topics.S

20、he discovered that optimists spent more time thanpessimists reading the sever risk material and they remembered more of it.“These are people,says Aspinwall,vwho arent sitting around wishing things were differentThey believe in a better outcome,and that whatever measures they take will help them to h

21、eal/lnother words,instead of having their heads in the clouds,optimistic.Thus,for yet anotherreason,optimists are likely to be healthier.The best news is what research has shown repeatedly:Anyone can become more optimisticwith effort.And every effort you make to keep an optimistic attitude will rewa

22、rd you with astronger immune system.So you,ll enjoy better health.62.The purpose of these scientific studies is to discover to what degree ones health isrelated to ones attitude in life.63.Seligmans research suggests that optimism helps people become healthier.64.According to the scientists,the redu

23、ction of immune activity is basically caused by onesdepressed feeling.65.It can be inferred from the passage that we can tell who is a pessimist by observing hisreading behavior.66.Which of the following statements is NOT true?Pessimists have no hope of making a change in their attitude.Practice Tex

24、t II(Units 5-8)Passage oneMy observation is that many instructors,from elementary school through undergraduatecollege courses,have a standard,conventional,only one right way approach to the material.Astudent who does it differently from the instructor is labeled wrong.I believe that such anapproach

25、is often the result of the limited intellectual ability of the instructor,who only knows onereliable technique.As a simple example of rigidity(僵 化),when I was a pupil in elementary school,thetextbook and instructor taught that the definition of a noun was the name of a person,place,orthing.But I had

26、 read my mothers old college grammar book,which said that a noun was thename of anything*.I liked the latter definition better,because it was logically simpler:any name isa noun.But I was marked wrong for not using the official definition,although the definition I gaveon the examination was equivale

27、nt.Students who are both intelligent and highly creative often make average grades in school,because these creative students see issues and vagueness in examination problems that theinstructor did not intend.Creative students nmisread the question,according to the view of theconventional instructor.

28、This problem is particularly severe on multiple choice examinationswhere a creative student can quickly find situations in which either all or none of the answers arecorrect,whereas a noncreative student who knows the material in a conventional way simplyselects the best answer and gets marked corre

29、ct.Children seem to have an innate sense of curiosity,enthusiasm,and imagination.Matureadults generally lack these qualities.Where did these qualities get lost?I believe that teachers andindustrial managers beat these qualities out of people,in order to make them easier to control andmanage.In my ex

30、perience,both as a student and professor,organized education-as a bureaucracy（官 僚 机 构）-actively discourages creativity.I believe that creativity can be taught and encouragedin a master-apprentice setting,such as a student working in a research laboratory.57.According to the author,what is the proble

31、m with school education?AJThe techniques used in teaching are out of date.IBJTeachers are trying to teach their students in their own way.CStudents are encouraged to solve a problem in a fixed way.DSchools do not provide students with proper learning materials.58.The author points out that the probl

32、em is caused by the following E X C E P T.Alteachers1 poor qualitiesBthe lower academic levels of schoolsCJteachers*lack of instructive skillsDJthe lack of learning materials3.By taking his/her early experience in education as an example,the author intends t o.Aillustrate how teachers are too rigidB

33、remind us of the importance of early educationCcriticize the unqualified teachers in his elementary schoolDJappeal for a comprehensive reform in higher education4.Creative students are more likely to make mistakes in examinations b e c a u s e.（Althey misread the questions in the examinationsBthey f

34、ind that some problems in the examinations are not clearCthey tend to understand a question in a vague wayfDthey dont like to take direct approaches to examination problems5.In order to keep children curious and creative,the author s u g g e s t s.Ainstructors make an effort to give clear instructio

35、nsBlschools provide students with interesting materialsCstudents be trained in a master-apprentice relationshipIDteachers change their instructive approachesPassage twoYour moral values are your beliefs about what is important in life.Some values refer to howone should act(be honest,unselfish,self-d

36、isciplined)while other values refer to what one wants toaccomplish or obtain in life(a lot of money,fame,a family,friendships,world peace).Because aperson cannot have it all”or be all things/priorities must be set and choices made.Setting yourpriorities often leads to value conflicts.You may want to

37、 be successful in your career,but you mayalso want a more relaxing lifestyle and more time to spend with friends and family.Here,thevalue of success may come into conflict with the value of family.Some examples of moral valuesare:integrity,respect,caring,justice and openness.There are many,many mora

38、l values;thus,these represent only a very few.To understand and solve a moral dilemma,you must figure out which values are involved inthe conflict,prioritize them,and act upon the primary value.The act must be grounded in a moralrule.What is a moral rule?A moral rule is very specific;it is action gu

39、iding.It tells you what to doin a specific situation.Moral rules are quite specific about what should be done.Values are generalbeliefs or attitudes about something we desire or like.Our values very often underlie our moralrules.If my moral rule is always be honest,then my value is honesty.Values on

40、ly expresswhat it is that we believe has value.Being a moral person requires our knowing how to make good moral decisions by usingethical standards and critical thinking.Sometimes we must choose between what we want to beand what we want or desire.Very often what we have the right to do is not ident

41、ical with what theright thing to do is.There is not one single decision making procedure which works.62.According to the passage,life is full of value conflicts b e c a u s e.Awe find it hard to make a choice between different things(BJthere are too many things we dont know how to obtainCmoney,fame,

42、family and friendship are all valuable for usDpeople have different standards of values63.The author describes moral values a s.Athe way one behavesBthe purpose of lifeCthe belief one has about what is valuable in lifeIDJthe things one has to choose in life64.When solving a moral problem,the author

43、s u g g e s t s.lAJwe take moral value as the ruleBwe consider our choices in accordance with our social valuesCwe take into account both values and value rulesDwe base our decision on a moral rule65.In the third paragraph,the author intends t o.Aemphasize the importance of values in our everyday li

44、feBexplain the difference between values and moral rulesCJdefine the role of moral rules when we make a choiceDdescribe what is a moral rule in detail66.We can infer from the last paragraph t h a t.Amaking a moral decision is a complex processfBlour desires are the causes of moral conflictsCmoral va

45、lues are the basic standards of decisionsDmaking good moral decisions requires critical thinking（鉴 于 上 个 学 期 的 期 末 考 试 中，考 了 蓝 鸽 平 台 的 阅 读 理 解“Hypnotism催 眠 术”，我 整 理 下 本 学 期 蓝 鸽 平 台 上 的 阅 读 理 解，附 上 标 准 答 案 和 翻 译，由 于 时 间 关 系，我 并 没 有 逐 篇 翻 译。请 大 家 好 好 复 习。）Passage 1American society is not friendly to n

46、ap.In fact,says David Dinges,a sleep specialist at theUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,Theres even a prohibition against admitting weneed sleep.Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work.To quote a proverb:“Some sleep five hours,nature requires seven,laziness nine and wic

47、kedness eleven.Wrong.The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them.We have tototally change our attitude toward napping,1 says Dr.William Dement of Stanford University,thegodfather of sleep research.Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an American sleep de

48、bt whichone member said was as important as the national debt.The commission was concerned about thedangers of sleepiness:people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving.This maybe why we have a new sleep policy in the White House.According to recent reports,PresidentClinton is t

49、rying to take a half-hour nap every afternoon.About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity.We seem to have amid afternoon quiet phase,also called a secondary sleep gate.Sleeping 15 minutes to two hoursin the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed.Clearly,we wer

50、e bom to nap.We dont nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Rather,we snack”onsleep,whenever,wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.I myself have napped in buses,cars,planes and on boats;in floors and beds;and in libraries,offices and museums.【短 文 大 意】本 篇 为 说 明 文。美 国 人 对