2023年中考总复习真题探究与变式训练06形容词和副词（江苏）（原卷版）.pdf

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1、专题0 6形容词和副词命题方向重要指数考向一形容词和副词的基本用法（必考点）考向二形容词和副词的词义辨析 考向三形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级（重难点）考向一形容词和副词的基本用法0意 题 麴 究 恸 fl（2019江苏 中考真题）（形容词作表语，副词修饰动词）In ihe library,students are required lo keepand move.A.quiet;quiet B.quiet;quietly C.quietly;quiet D.quietly;quietly例（2019江苏泰州中考真题）（形容词作表语修饰系动词）-How about the fruit sa

2、lad?-Yummy!It tastes very.By the way,who made it?A.good B.bad C.well D.badly例（2022江苏宿迁.中考真题）（形容词+enough）Amy did very well in her report.She is to payattention to every detail.A.enough careful B.careful enough C.enough careless D.careless enough厚 命 题居确形容词和副词的基本用法一、形容词的用法及位置说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代

3、词的词叫形容词。1.形容词作定语1）放在名词的前面。如：delicious food美味的食物2）放在不定代词的后面。如：I have something important to tell you,我有些重要的事情要告诉你。3）形容词+enough,意思为“足够.的“,如：big enough足够大注意：多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序是：限定词一数词一描述性的词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）一出处一材料性质一类别一名词。2.作表语：形容词作表语用于be动词或系动词后面，常见的系动词有：seem；keep,remain；become,get,turn。感官动词：look,sound,taste

4、,feel,smello3.作宾语补足语常放在动词：keep,stay,make,find,feel,think等后面。常见句型有：keep(stay)sth.+a办如：We should keep our classroom clean.make sb,+a或如：John makes me very angry.约翰令我很生气。find/feel/think it+adj.to do sth.如：I find it hard to study math,but I will study harder.我发现学数学很难，但是我将更努力。三、ing结尾的形容词与ed结尾的形容词的用法1.以ing

5、结尾的形容词(interesting,surprising,exciting等)常用于说明事物，表示事物的性质、特征，若用来说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。如：It is an interesting book for children.那是一本有趣的儿童读物。2.以-ed结尾的形容词(interested,excited,surprised9 worried等)通常用于说明人，而不用于说明事物。如：You can imagine how surprised I was.你可以想象我是多么惊讶。四、含有形容词的一些特殊句型。l)It is+形容词(for sb.)to do sth.对某人

6、来说)做某事是.的。(形容词不是描述人物性格特征的词，一般是easy,difficult,Interesting,Important,possible等)It is necessary to tell him about it.有必要把这件事告诉他。It is easy for him to answer such a question,对他来说，回答这样的一个问题不难。2)It is+形容词of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是的*(形容词是描述人物性格特征的词，如 nice,kind,clever,brave,friendly,careful,polite9 rude 等)It is

7、 very brave of Yang Liwei to fly into space.杨利伟飞上太空真的很勇敢。It is very nice of you to lead the way for us.你真好，给我们领路。3)find/think/feel it/make it+形容词to do sth.发现/认为/觉得做某事是.的I found it hard to climb up to the top of the mountain.我发现爬上山顶不容易。We think it interesting to play this game.我们认为玩这个游戏很有趣The machine

8、 makes it possible to stay in the deep sea for a long time 这个机器让长时间停留在深海成为可能。4)too+形容词(for sb.)to do sth.（某人）太以致不能做某事She is too weak to walk farther,她太虚弱，不能再走了。The house is too expensive for him to buy.这房子太贵了他买不了。5）形容词+enough（for sh.）to do sth.（某人）足够.去某事He is not old enough to go to school.他够年龄上学了。6

9、）o+形容词+that从句如此以致The song is so popular that nearly everyone can sing 这首歌这么流行，几人都会唱He was so lazy that he was fired very soon.他这么懒惰，很快就被解雇了。二、形容词的用法及位置考点一：副词的位置1.频率副词作状语时放在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。如：I often go to see my grandparents on weekends.我经常在周末去探望我的祖父母。2.程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词、副词之前，修饰动词时一般放在动词之后。如：Zha

10、ng Hua speaks English quite well.张华的英语讲得很好。3.修饰句子时，放句首后接逗号，与主句隔开。如：Luckily,he didn hurt badly.幸运的是，他伤得不重。考点二：频率副词根据频率的大小排列如下：alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomhardly everneverHe always wears jeans in winter.他冬天总是穿牛仔裤【变式 1】（2022江苏徐州二模）Grandma is busy learning to use her smart phone.Ifs never to trynew

11、 things.A.young enough B.too young C.old enough D.too old【变式2】（2022江苏 宿迁市宿豫区教育局教研室二模）Nancy said she would have holiday.A.a one-month B.an one-month C.one-month D.one month【变式 3】（2022江苏景山中学三模）一I have a surprise for you.Keep your eyes.Dont open themuntil I tell you to do so.OK,Mrs White.A.close B.clos

12、ed C.closing D.closely【变式 4（2022江苏二模）We found him with.Hes quite an easy-going guy.A.easily to work B.easily working C.easy to work D.easy working【变式 5】（2022江苏徐州二模）一 Your teammates l ook,boys.Whats going on?一 They expected us to win the game,but we lost.A.sad B.sadly C.h叩py D.happily【变式 6（2022江苏淮安 一

13、模）Manchurian tigers are now.Lets keep t hem.A.in danger;safety B.dangerous;safe C.in danger;safe D.dangerous;safety【变式 7 （2021 江苏模拟预测）一What do you think of your English teachefs lessons?His lessons are sometimes recorded because he usually use special ways to make his classand interesting to draw ou

14、r attention.A.live;lively B.lovely;live C.living;live D.love;living【变式8 （2020江苏 扬州中学教育集团树人学校模拟预测）一Will the football match be covered live on TVtonight?一Yes,but you might find it a bit unless you are a sports fan.A.boring B.bored C.interesting D.interested【变式 9】（2022.西藏拉萨.模）We must keep e v e r y t h

15、 i n g.A.cleaning B.to clean C.clean D.cleaned【变式 10（2022云南昆明模拟预测）一While watching Stephen Chows films,I am often madeagain and again.一So am I.And laughing can make us.A.laugh;relaxed B.to laugh;relaxedC.to laugh;to relax D.laugh;relax【变式 11（2022上海虹口 二模）Our monitor came up with a new idea for making

16、rail t r avel.A.attract B.attractive C.attraction D.attractively【变式 12（2022 江苏无锡模拟预测）The Taihu Tunnel High Speed Way was open to the pubic thisyear.A.40 meter wide B.40 meters wideC.40-meter-wide D.40-meters-wide【变式 13（2022 贵州铜仁 一模）一This kind of dress looks and sells in the supermarket.一It is a hot

17、style!A.nice；goodB.nice；wellC.well；wellD.good；nice【变式 14（2022浙江温州市南浦实验中学二模）If you dont push yourself,you will know howamazing you can be!A.always B.usually C.sometimes D.never【变式 15（2022 广西贵港三模）一Marias eating habit is not good.She eat vegetables.We cant learn from her.We should eat more vegetables a

18、nd less meat.A.seldom B.usually C.often D.always【变 式 16（2022江苏梅岭中学教育集团运河中学二模）一Can you hear me?No,I cant.Would you please s peak?A.clear enough B.enough clearC.clearly enough D.enough clearly【变式 18（2022西藏拉萨 一模）He doesnt do his h o me w o r k,though he has.A.carefully enough;enough time B.enough caref

19、ully;time enoughC.carelessly enough;enough time D.enough carefully,enough time考向二形容词和副词的词义辨析 氟禺鉴究 _|例 1|（2022江苏盐城中考真题）（形容词辨析）Mr.Li often looks up information on HealthYancheng app before going to hospital.A.personal B.medical C.national D.musical例 2|（2022江苏镇江中考真题）（形容词辨析）What a day!Luckily,I bring an

20、 umbrella to protectmyself from the sunlight and heat.A.windy B.snowy C.sunny D.rainy例 3|（2022江苏常州中考真题）（形容词辨析）一How this question is!Pve spent two hours on it.Let me help you!A.practical B.general C.difficult D.natural例 4|（2022江苏无锡中考真题）（形容词辨析）一 Cindy,can I look at your notebook?It looks special.一 Sor

21、ry.I usually write down something in it.A.perfect B.practical C.pleasant D.private恤I（2022江苏泰州中考真题）（形容词辨析）cultures such as Chinese knot,Chinese paper-cuttingand Chinese opera are deeply loved by students.A.Social B.Modern C.Traditional D.Natural例（2022江苏盐城中考真题）（副词辨析）一 What should we take when going bi

22、rdwatching?Youd better take a pair of binoculars which will help you see mor e.A.quietly B.clearly C.politely D.seriously帆（2022江苏镇江中考真题）（副词辨析）Chinese womens football team members worked andwon the Asian Cup.A.widely B.closely C.hardly D.simply例 8|（2022江苏徐州中考真题）（副词辨析）Why does John act so?Look,he spea

23、king faster,hisface becomes redder and you can almost see fire in his eyes.A.happily B.angrily C.calmly D.sadly厚 命 题线限形容词和副词的词义辨析1、以-ing和以-ed结尾的形容词辨析在形容词中，有些词是以-ing和-ed结尾的，它们的用法各不相同。-ing形容词-ed形容词例句surprising令人惊讶的surprised感到惊讶的This is a surprising story.I am surprised at the news.interesting 有趣的inter

24、ested感兴趣的I have an interesting book.He is interested in science.exciting令人心奋的excited感到兴奋的Have you heard of the excitingnews?We are excited about thetraveling.pleasing令人愉快的pleased感 到 愉 快（满意）的This is a pleasing trip.The teacher is pleased with ourperformance.特 点：-ing结尾的表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰事物；-ed结尾的表示

25、被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人，常用于“sb.+be+-ed形容词+介词”结构。2、以心结尾的形容词1）大 部 分 形 容 词 加 心 可 构 成 副 词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。（错）She sang lovely.（错）He spoke to me very friendly.（对）Her singing was lovely.（对）He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2）有些以ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily,week

26、ly,monthly,yearly,early如:The Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.3、易混副词辨析英语中一些词加不加 y 都是副词，但是意义差别很大。hard艰难地；hardly几乎没有 They work very hard.他们工作非常努力。I hardly know her.我不怎么认识她.late迟 到；lately最近 You have come too late.你来得太晚了。Have you see him lately?你最近见到过他吗？pretty=veiy 非 常；prettily 漂亮地 Th

27、e exam was pretty difficult.这次考试相当难。The little girl is always prettily dressed.这个小女孩总是穿得漂漂亮亮的。close（具体距离上的）接近地、紧挨地；closely（抽象）亲密地 They sat close together Who is closely to you,your mom or your dad?high（具体高度）高 地；highly（抽象）高度地，赞赏地 The kites fly high in the sky.这些风筝在天空飞得很高。His teachers think very highl

28、y of h im.（老师们很欣赏他。）老师对他评价很高。deep（空间的，具体）深 度；deeply（抽象，感情上的）深深地 He pushed the stick deep into the mud.把木棍深深地插进泥浆里。Karen and Dave are deeply in love with each other,凯伦与戴夫俩人深深地相爱着。wide 具 体 距 离 很 宽；widely 广 泛 出 The door was wide open门被开得大大的。We were widely different on many questions.我们在许多问题上分歧很大。四、易混淆点

29、区分1.danger,dangerous,endanger 与 endangered单词词性意义dangern.危险dangerousadj.危险的endangerV.危 及；使遭受危险endangeredadj.濒临灭绝的2.breath,breathe单词词性意义breathn.呼吸breatheV.呼 吸；活着3.live,alive,living 与 lively单词词性意义liveV.居 住；生 存；生活aliveadj.活着的；活泼的livingadj./n.活 的；现存的livelyadj.活泼的；充满活力的4.die,dead,death 与 dying单词词性意义dieV.死

30、亡deadadj.死去的；完全的deathn.死亡dyingadj.垂死的；奄奄一息的5.loud,loudly 与 aloud单词词性意义loudadj.、adv.响亮的；大声的；大声地loudlyadv.响亮地；大声地aloudadv.大声地；高声地6.too,as well,also 和 either意义及用法例句too也，一般用于肯定句，放在句末He likes English,too.as well也，一般用于肯定句，常放在句末I like you as well.also也，常放在b e动词、情态动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前I can also swim.either也，用于否定

31、句，常放在句末I dont know French,either.理寓观缱；【变 式 1】（2022江苏 盐城市鹿鸣路初级中学三模）Sam is about his speech because he thinks he iswell prepared.A.worried B.confident C.modest D.curious【变式2（2022江苏梅岭中学教育集团运河中学二模）一I think Mary must be a good accountant.一I cant agree more.She is the most person I have ever seen.A.curiou

32、s B.forgetful C.careful D.generous【变式3】（2022江苏滁州市树人初级中学二模）The boy used to be shy,but now he is more andwilling to talk with others.A.active B.curious C.polite D.friendly【变式4（2023江苏无锡外国语学校一模）一I got a job in the post office.一Congratulations!Make yourself so that they dont want to lose you.A.valuable B

33、.possible C.enjoyable D.comfortable【变式 5】（2022江苏无锡模拟预测）一 My grandparents said they preferred a more life.No wonder they moved from the city centre to the countryside.A.modern B.peaceful C.creative D.difficult【变式 6 （2022江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校三模）Though people in Shanghai are still under lockdown,weare that con

34、ditions will improve soon.A.satisfied B.confident C.patient D.curious【变式 71（2022江苏盐城二模）You need not only good luck but also hard work to become abaseball player.A.youngB,successfulC.happyD.friendly【变式 8（2022江苏镇江二模）To behave properly,you must become of cultural differencesbetween the countries.A.awar

35、e B.proud C.confident D.full【变式 9】（2022江苏南通二模）一Who is the cake made for?My mother.Today is her birthday and I want to give her a big surprise.A.special B.specially C.especial D.especially【变式 10（2022 江苏靖江市滨江学校三模）一The medical workers are considered as the mostbeautiful angels by the public for their g

36、reat efforts.一Thafs true.With their careful care,they bring health to the patients.A.hardly B.generally C.probably D.especially【变式 11（2022 江苏 无锡外国语学校二模）Instead of giving instructions to your child,pick one of hisinterests to f ol l ow.In this way,you can have a better understanding of his thoughts.A

37、.widely B.closely C.highly D.rapidly【变式 12（2022江苏镇江模拟预测）一How can we always keep safe when using the Internet?一I suggest teenagers should learn to refuse invitations from s t r a n g e r s.A.heavily B.highly C.sincerely D.wisely【变式 13（2022江苏射阳县第三中学模）Draw a mind map of the information when you go over

38、 yourl e s s o n s.,youre sure to forget some easily.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Otherwise D.However【变式 14（2022 江苏宿迁三模）Spud Webbs story tells us not to lose heart when we fail.It isanother chance to begin again.A.mostly B.hardly C.close D.simply【变式 15（2022 江苏无锡 模拟预测）一I cant sleep well these days and wake

39、up feeling worn out.It is said that doing sports can help you sl eep.Why not have a try?A.deeply B.properly C.hardly D.simply【变式 16（2022江苏南通模拟预测）Mr Smith took a flight to New York from Hong Kong,without stopping in another city.A.bravely B.directly C.quietly D.simply【变式 17（2022江苏泰州二模）一 After the 24t

40、h Olympic Winter G a m e s,y o u n g people areinterested in the ice sports.So they are.But they have to learn how to do it before trying it.A.the number of;completely B.plenty of;properlyC.a great deal of;wisely D.lots of;simply【变式 1 8（2022江苏镇江模拟预测）The film The Battle at Lake Changjin tells the sto

41、ry of the ChinesePeople9 s Volunteers fighting in a war at Lake Changjin.They showed great courage in front of enemies.A.properly B.carelessly C.bravely D.peacefully【变式 19（2022江苏镇江二模）一Oh,poor little Tom!Life has never been easy for him.一No,but I believe everything will go with him in the future.A.sm

42、oothly B.peacefully C.correctly D.comfortably考向三形容词和副词的比较级和最高级0氟 题 鉴|例 （2022江苏徐州中考真题）（much 修饰比较级）Today is much than yesterday.Nice!A.cool B.cooler C.coolest D.the coolest忸I 2|（2022江苏南通 中考真题）（最高级的用法）一Good news!The Chinese women football team came firstin the 2022 Asian Cup.一Exactly.The final is one I

43、 have ever seen.A.a less amazing B.the most amazing C.a more amazing D.the least amazing例 3|（2017 江苏宿迁中考真题）（原级的用法）Daniel is his twin brother.They are both 1.75 metrestall.A.taller than B.shorter than C.as tall as D.so tall as帆 4|（2021.江苏徐州中考真题）（最高级的用法）Which colour do you like,purple,orange or pink?A

44、.well B.good C.better D.best厚 命 题 内确，形容词和副词原级、比较级和最高级比较 级 和 最 高 级 的 构 成方法（-）规则变化类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一 般 直 接 加-estlonglongerlongesttalltallertallest以不发音字母e结尾时，加-r,-Stlatelaterlastestlargelargerlargest以 辅 音 字 母 加y结尾时，把y变 i,再加-er,-esteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一 个 辅 音字母时，双写该

45、辅音字 母,再 加-er,-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more,mostcarefulbeautifulmore carefulmore beautifulmost carefulmost beautiful（二）不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/vvellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad/illworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther（较远）further（进一步）farthest（最远）furthest（最大程度）oldolder（年纪较大的）elder（

46、较年长的）oldest（年纪最大的）eldest（最年长的）二、原级的用法1、说明人或事物自身的性质、特征或状态时用形容词原级2、有表示程度的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词原级。3、原级比较即同级比较，表示两者在某一方面相同时或不同时用原级。具体结构如下:用法例句A+系动词/动词+as+原级+as+B,（肯定）意为“A与B一样”表示相同或相等（即A=B）.China is almost as big as the US,but it isthe biggest country in Asia.A+be/动词+not+so/as+原级+as+B（否定）意为“

47、A 不及B 那样”表示不如或不相等（即 A#B）.I cant run as fast as my brother.A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B意为“A 是 B 的倍”（常 见 倍 数:一 半 half,一 倍 once,两倍tw ice,三倍及以上：数字+times）。Our school is twice as large as theirs.as much/many/.+as,表示前后的数量相同。John earns an much money as hisbrother.as+原级+as+用作比喻的名词意为“像一样”，此结构可形成许多习惯用于，多用于口语。He is as

48、 busy as a bee.三、比较级的用法（1）由表示程度的副词a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰时，用形容词或副词的比较级 o 如：Ifs even colder today.（2）比较级的常见结构有：A+be/动词+比 较 级（含 more+多音节形容词/副词原级）+than+B,表示“A 比 B”，即 ABSam has longer hair than Tom.The+比较级,the+比较级表示“越表 越”.The more books you read,the more widely yourm

49、ind will open up.比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越.注意：若为多音节词的比较级，则用“more andmore+形容词原级”表示“越来越”Talent shows are getting more and more popular.A+be/动词+比较级+than any other+可数名词单数He did better in math than any other boy in hisclass.A+be/动词+less+多音节形容词原级+than+B表示“A 不 及 B”，即 ABThe film was less interesting than the book.

50、表示两者之间进行选择时，用句型：Which/Who+be/动词+比较级，AorB?Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?表示“两者之间较的一个”时，常用“the+比较级”of+名词He is the thinner of the two.表示“几倍于”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”结构。Your room is three times bigger than mine.四、最高级的用法1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可以不加。2.最高级常见结构有：用法例句A+be/动词+the+最高级+o“i