2022-2023学年重庆高一（上）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）.pdf

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1、2022-2023学年重庆203中高一（上）期末英语试卷AFour Books about Super ScientistsYoull find the lives of these top minds to be as inspiring as they are exciting in the following books.The Extraordinary Life of Alan TuringSecond World War code-breaker Alan Turing features on the Bank of Englands new 50 note as acompute

2、r pioneer.This biography follows him from his childhood as a quiet boy who loved maths tobecoming one of the most important scientists in history.100 Scientists Who Made HistoryBringing together mini-biographies of 100 scientists and innovators,this book will give you an overviewof the history of sc

3、ience.Including astronauts,biologists,chemists,coders,doctors and physicists,itfeatures fun facts about everyone from Hippocrates and Leonardo da Vinci through to Marie Curie andStephen Hawking.Rosalind Franklin：A Life StoryRosalind Franklin was the scientist whose contribution to a crucial discover

4、y in DNA the chemical thattells your body how to grow and develop was not recognized until after her death.This book shines alight on the extraordinary story of her life and achievements,using timelines,illustrations and fascinatingfacts.40 Inspiring Icons：Super ScientistsEach part of this colourful

5、 illustrated book introduces you to a different super scientist0 and theirdiscoveries.This is a fun and easy way to learn about all sorts of ideas,including Louis Pasteursvaccinations and Ada Lovelaces invention of mysterious codes.1.Which book will attract readers who are interested in computer sci

6、ence?A.Rosalind Franklin：A Life StoryB.100 Scientists Who Made HistoryC.40 Inspiring Icons：Super ScientistsD.The Extraordinary Life of AlanTuring2.Whose contribution was recognised after death?A.Marie Curies.B.Louis Pasteurs.C.Rosalind Franklins.D.Stephen Hawkings.3.Where can the text probably be fo

7、und?A.In a novel.B.In a magazine.C.In a biography.D.In a diary.A man in North Dakota was greeted by a surprise when he left his truck parked under a walnut（核桃）tree.lt seemed like a hard-working squirrel had shed blood,sweat and tears to collect all the walnuts.The salesman,56,said that on returning

8、from a four-day trip in early September he opened the hood（弓 I擎盖）of his truck,only to find lots of walnuts stored inside.Since 2013,the red squirrel has been hiding walnuts in his truck every two years when his neighbors treeproduces walnuts.Fischer said this years walnut collection is the most the

9、squirrel has ever filled in thehood of his truck 一 around 42 gallons of walnuts.Every walnut season,once the tree is bare,he empties the hood of his truck and gives the walnuts away.The squiirel will sit in the tree and watch me clean up his winter storage almost like：Thats mine,buddy,Fischer said.F

10、ischer also said the squirrel has ignored his other vehicles.Pve got other vehicles that sit very close tothat tree,and its always my truck.he said.Eve even parked purposely out on the street 一 as far away asI can from the walnut tree but it still finds my truck and hides them in there.,Its very pos

11、sible that this funny squirrel considers Bill Fischers truck to be part of its home,Alipertisaid,who led a study that found that ground squirrels personalities are tied to risk-taking.Aliperti addedthat the hood of a truck is a perfect hiding place to a squirrel because its and dry.Since the squirre

12、l takingover Fischers truck appears to be a repeat offender,Aliperti said this one might be particularly brave.4.What trouble did the squirrel cause for Bill Fischer?A.Building a home in his truck.B.Packing walnuts in his truck.C.Opening walnuts in his truck.D.Breaking the hood of his truck.5.How we

13、re the walnuts dealt with by Fischer?A.They were returned to the squirrel.B.They were collected for the winter.C.They were cleaned up from the hood.D.They were hidden in another place.6.According to Aliperti,why does the squirrel hide walnuts in BilVs truck?A.The truck is red,clean and empty.B.The t

14、ruck is convenient to transporting walnuts.C.The truck is considered as its home.D.The truck is closest to the tree.7.What does the underlined word concealed in the last paragraph mean?A.secret.B.quiet.C.open.D.large.cUntil now the usual way we identify dogs is with micro-chipping.In some countries

15、its even the law.But acompany from South Korea has developed an app that can identify dogs a little less invasively.On thisphone,Ive got the new app,PetNow,which is now using the dogs nose print to identify a dog,just likeyou can use a fingerprint with a human to make identification.A dogs nose prin

16、t is very similar as well.Now show me your nose,buddy.It takes me a few seconds to take pictures of the dogs nose.Oh yes,I made it,okayJThen who is the dog?Is it Emma,Lenard,Karl,or Ethan?”The app analyses the data in the cloud and tells me that this is Emma,and not only that,its showing methat Emma

17、s been reported as missing.And its telling me where she was reported missing,and I can sharemy location with the owner,so they can be reunited.Unlike a micro-chip,which could be cut out of a stolen dog,you cant really remove a dogs nose,notwithout spoiling the dog.And by using the phones camera to s

18、can,anyone in theory can check a stray dogwithout any specialist equipment.Recently,I*ve spoken to PetNow to find out why theyd settled on nose prints for dog recognition.Theremay be paws or ears,but some dogs really hate showing up,sharing their paws or their ears.Nose isactually exposed all the ti

19、me.And after a dog become six months old the nose print stays there their entirelife,so we believe that it is the best part for identification.PetNow hopes its app will become in South Korea to help reduce the number of dogs that are abandonedby pet owners.To do that they will need the backing of go

20、vernment and a huge marketing push,so thateverybody including people who dont own a dog must install the app and know how to use it.8.Which can be inferred from the passage?A.Dogs*prints are very similar.B.Micro-chipping a dog is out of date.C.The app can map out a lost dog*s original place.D.The ap

21、p requires specialist equipment.9.Why did PetNow settle on nose prints for dog recognition?A.Because a micro-chip can be cut out.B.Because some dogs hate showing up.C.Because their nose print never changes.D.Because their nose is easy to be photographed.10.Which of the word best explains the underli

22、ned word mandatory”in the last paragraph?A.safe.B.required.C.professional.D.easy.11.Whats the best title of the passage?A.Taking Pictures for Dogs Nose.B.Nose Print Technology on the Way.C.PetNow Saves Abandoned Dogs.D.PetNow Identifies Dogs with Nose Print.DClose to the North Pole,remote and rocky

23、Plateau Mountain in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbardseems an unlikely spot for any global effort to safeguard agriculture.Yet at the end of a 130-meter-longtunnel cut out of solid stone is a room filled with humanitys most precious treasure,the largest and mostdiverse seed collection-more than

24、a half-billion seeds.With growing evidence that unchecked climate change will seriously affect food production and threatenthe diversity of crops around the world,the Svalbard Global Seed Vault（地窖）represents a major steptowards ensuring the preservation（贝 什 藏）of hundreds of thousands of crop varieti

25、es.This is a seedcollection,but more importantly,it is a collection of the traits found within the seeds：the genes that giveone variety resistance to a particular pest and another variety tolerance for hot,dry weather.In sealed boxes,behind multiple locked doors,monitored by electronic security syst

26、ems,enveloped inbelow-zero temperatures,and surrounded by tons of rock,hundreds of millions of seeds are protected intheir mountain fortress.Frozen in such conditions inside the mountain,seeds of most major crops willremain for hundreds of years,or longer.Seeds of some are capable of retaining（保留）th

27、eir ability togrow for thousands of years.Everyone can look back now and say that the Seed Vault was a good and obvious idea.But back in 2004,when the Seed Vault was proposed,it was viewed as a crazy,impractical,and expensive idea.We knew that nothing would provide a definite guarantee.But we were t

28、ired,fed up,and frankly scaredof the steady,greater losses of crop diversity.The Seed Vault was built by optimists who wanted to dosomething to preserve options so that humanity and its crops might be better prepared for change.If itsimply resupplied seed gene banks with samples those gene banks had

29、 lost,this would repay our efforts.The Seed Vault is about hope and commitment-about what can be done if countries come together andwork cooperatively to accomplish something significant,long-lasting,and worthy of who we are and wishto be.12.According to the passage,the Seed Vault is.A.a seed gene b

30、ank that stores diverse seeds for future agricultureB.a lab where researchers study how to maintain the diversity of cropsC.a stone room that contains the seeds of endangered cropsD.a tunnel where the collected seeds are displayed13.The underlined word viable in Paragraph 3 probably me a n s.A.matur

31、e B.alive C.clean D.valuable14.What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?A.what people do to study the seeds.B.where people keep the seeds.C.why the seeds are protected.D.how the seeds are preserved.15.What can we know from the passage?A.the Seed Vault offers a solution to climate change.B.most countries

32、 took part in rescuing the seed varieties.C.many people originally considered building the Seed Vault unwise.D.the Seed Vault guarantees to prevent the loss of crop diversity.How to Say AnythingCould you use some advice?Or has something big happened?Our tips can help you say anything to yourparents.

33、Pick the right time.You need your parents*full attention in order to have a good talk.Try not to bring upsomething when its past your bedtime or when your parent is in a rush.(1)Your parents want to knowwhats on your mind,so ask them to make time for you.Go slowly.What you need to say probably isnt

34、simple,so dont try to get it all out in one breath.Give yourparents the details they need to make a decision before you start trying to bargain with them.Besides,another thing is also of great importance.(2)Listen to them,and theyll listen to you.Be honest.Your parents will respond better if you bel

35、ieve that youre telling the truth and not trying toavoid blame.Take responsibility for your part in getting into trouble or earning a bad grade.(3)Things getworse the longer you wait.Try,try again.When you fly off the handle,your parents have a hard time seeing your point of view.Ifyoure angry or fr

36、ustrated,take a break from the conversation.Excuse yourself,and go somewhere to cooloff.(4)Be brave.(5)But your parents almost always can help you solve a problem or answer a big question，andyoull almost always feel better afterward.Talk to your parents.Youll be glad you did.A.If you*ve done somethi

37、ng wrong,admit it.B.After all,details determine success or failure.C.Remember that conversation is about give and take.D.If your parents are occupied,make an appointment.E.Your conversation will be reduced to a terrible quaiTel.F.Gather your thoughts and try talking to your parents again.G.You might

38、 have a question for long before you get up the courage to let it out.16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.H20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI was so excited when Mrs.Burks announced we were going to the skating rink。留冰场).Id never beenr

39、oller-skating and really wanted to learn how to skate.When we got there,everyone(21)inside.Some of us rented our skates and soon began lacing(系好鞋带)them up.Then,everyone but me(22)away from the wall and started skating.(23)onto the handrail(扶手),I pulled myself along the side as I tried moving my legs

40、 back and forth.After a few failed(24),Mrs.Burks skated over to me.“When you start to(25),relax.If you struggle to keep from falling,youll be more(26)to hurt yourself,said Mrs.Burks.Mrs.Burks(27)for one of my hands.!took a deep breath and(28)her warm hand.As we moved awayfrom the wall,she called out

41、,Take a deep(29).Move your foot forward at an angle and then do the(30)thing with the other foot.nI tried to follow her(31)in every way.Thals good!Youre moving your feet likeyou should.But remember to relax when you start to go down.Lets try again,Mrs.Burks said.So I did.When I began losing my balan

42、ce,I(32)crumpled()to the floor.Mrs.Burks was rightiltdidnt(33)as much.I was able to get up faster and try again.Later I began to see how Mrs.Burks*instructions worked for other(34).As long as I kept trying to do myb e s t,I c o u l d l e a r n s o m e t h i n g e v e n w h e n I(35).I c o u l d g e

43、t b a c k u p,t r y a g a i n,a n d u n d e r s t a n d i t s a l l r i g h tt o f a l l.21.A.p l a y e dB.l a u g h e dC.r u s h e dD.w a n d e r e d22.A.e s c a p e dB.f l e wC.j u m p e dD.r o l l e d23.A.Ho l d i n gB.Si t t i n gC.St a n d i n gD.Ly i n g24.A.t r i p sB.t r i e sC.p e r f o r m

44、 a n c e sD.s h o w s25.A.s m i l eB.f a l lC.l e a r nD.r e s t26.A.n e r v o u sB.s e r i o u sC.l i k e l yD.a n n o y e d27.A.t u r n e dB.s t o p p e dC.r o l l e dD.r e a c h e d28.A.g r a b b e dB.t o u c h e dC.i g n o r e dD.e x p e c t e d29.A.b a l a n c eB.b r a i nC.c o u r a g eD.b r e

45、 a t h30.A.o p p o s i t eB.i n t e r e s t i n gC.s a m eD.d a n g e r o u s31.A.e x a m p l eB.i n s t r u c t i o n sC.f o o t s t e p sD.p a s s i o n s32.A.h a p p i l yB.s a f e l yC.i m m e d i a t e l yD.v i o l e n t l y33.A.d e f e a tB.i m p r e s sC.h u r tD.b o t h e r34.A.s p o r t sB.

46、s k a t e sC.c h a l l e n g e sD.c h a n c e s35.A.f a i l e dB.q u i tC.c r i e dD.d r o p p e d36.Wh i l e t h e p a n d e m i c h a s p r e v e n t e d p e o p l e f r o m t r a v e l i n g a f a r,t h e r e s a s i l v e r l i n i n g t o t h a td a r k c l o u d：m i c r o-t o u r i s m,o r m i

47、 n i-v a c a t i o n s.Mi c r o-t o u r i s m r e f e r s t o s h o r t-d i s t a n c e t r a v e l,(1)p e o p l e d r i v e t w o o r t h r e e h o u r s t o a n e a r b yd e s t i n a t i o n a n d s p e n d t w o o r t h r e e d a y s.Ac c o r d i n g t o Ch i n a To d a y,m i c r o-t o u r i s m

48、 b e g a n c a t c h i n go n s e v e n o r e i g h t y e a r s a g o,b u t i t (b e c o m e)i n c r e a s i n g l y p o p u l a r s i n c e t h e C O V I D-19p a n d e m i c.Wi t h t h e p a n d e m i c p r e v e n t i o n a n d c o n t r o l m e a s u r e s (3)(m a k e)l o n g a n d d i s t a n t

49、t r i p s l e s sc o n v e n i e n t,m o r e a n d m o r e Ch i n e s e p e o p l e c h o o s e t o t a k e s h o r t t r i p s i n s t e a d.Ma r k H o u f r o m Sh a n g h a i i s o n e o f t h e m.Be f o r e t h e p a n d e m i c,t h e 28-y e a r-o l d (p r e f e r)t a k i n g l o n g t r i p s a

50、 b r o a d o r l e a v i n g Sh a n g h a i t o s e e (p l a c e)o f i n t e r e s t i n o t h e r Ch i n e s ep r o v i n c e s.Bu t t h e p a n d e m i c m e a n t h e h a d t o a d a p t t o (6)e x t r e m e l y n e w t r a v e l s t y l e.Tr a v e l i n g al o n g d i s t a n c e m e a n s y o u