2023年八年级英语寒假课第09讲系动词（解析版）（仁爱版）.pdf

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1、第09讲系动词韩【学习目标】一 系动词 一常接形容词作表语-主谓一致be动词 口 _ _:保 持”“变化”_ I感官动词be+adv.+a4j 如何是 become,seem,tum,groW,get,keep,stay hook,sound,taste,smell,feel【基础知识】系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，后必须跟表语(名词、形容词、某些副词、非谓词、介词短语、从句)构成系表结构来说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。共有以下几种：1.状态系动词可用来表示主语性质或状态，只有b e一词。fm a student.我是一名学生。He is 18 years o ld.他十八了。My

2、class-mates are hard-working.我的同学都很刻苦。2.持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand等。He always keeps silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。This matter remains a mystery.此事仍是一个谜。The window stayed open all the night.这扇窗子整夜开着。3.表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem,appear(=look)oHe appears tired.他看起来很累。He s

3、eems(to be)very sad.他看起来很伤心。4.感官系动词感官系动词主要有 look、feel,smell,sound,tasteo(1)look“看起来像是“，后接形容词、名词、分词、介词短语、不定式等。The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所思。(2)smell闻起来”，后接形容词、分词。The flowers smell sweet.这些花气味真香。(3)sound“听起来”，后接形容词、分词。The music sounds sweet.这首诗听起来真悦耳。(4)taste“尝起来”，后接形容词、

4、分词。The apples taste very good.这些苹果很好吃。(5)feel“摸起来，给感觉、“觉得”，后接形容词、分词。The silk feels very soft.丝绸摸起来很滑。You will feel better after a nighfs sleep.睡上一晚，你会觉得好些。5.变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,runoHe became mad after th at.自那之后，他疯 了。She grew rich within a short tim e.她没多长时间

5、就富了。The days are getting longer and longer.白天变得越来越长了。6.终止系动词表示主语己终止动作，主要有prove,turn o u t,表达“证实”，“变成”之意This advice was to prove valuable.这忠告证明是有益的。Things are going to turn out fine.事情正好起来。注：与实义动词的区别：在英语中，某些动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又有系动词用法。如：1.He looked sad at the news.听到这消息他看起来有些悲伤。(“看起来，系动词用法)He looked sadl

6、y at the boy.他伤心地看着小男孩。(“看着”，实义动词用法)2.The soup tastes good.这汤的味道不错。(系动词用法)The cook is tasting the soup.厨师在尝汤的味道。（实义动词用法）1.（2022 辽宁辽宁中考真题）The soup a little salty,there is no need to add more salt.A.looks B.smells C.sounds D.tastes【答案】D【详解】句意：汤尝起来有点咸，没必要再加盐了。考查感官动词。looks看起来；smells闻起来；sounds听起来；tastes尝

7、起来。根据The soup.alittle salty”可知，汤尝起来有点咸，用感官动词tastes”。故选D。2.（2022贵州黔东南中考真题）In our school library,there a number of books on art.The number of the books still growing larger and larger.A.is;is B.are;is C.is;are D.are;are【答案】B【详解】句意：在我们学校的图书馆里，有许多关于艺术的书。书的数量还在越来越多。考查主谓一致。根据“a number of books 可知，表复数概念，故第

8、一空填are。the number of表示“的数量:修饰主语，b e动词用i s,故选B。3.（2022四川泸州中考真题）一Paul,have you tried this chicken?Its a special in Luzhou andhas been introduced in the TV program A Bite of China.一Yes,it hot but delicious.A.eats B.looks C.tastes D.sees【答案】C【详解】句意：Paul,你吃过这种鸡吗？这是泸州的一个特别菜肴，已经在电视节目 舌尖上的中国中介绍过。是的，它吃起来很辣，但

9、是很好吃。考查动词辨析。eats吃；looks看起来；tastes尝起来；sees看此空后hot和 delicious都是形容词，故此空应填连系动词，排除A 和 D 选项。食物是尝起来美味，故选C。4.（2021 西藏中考真题）Some people think one of the most useful inventions thesmartphone.A.are B.is C.were D.be【答案】B【详解】句意：有些人认为最有用的发明之一是智能手机。考查主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，该句中think后跟了一个宾语从句，从句中主语为“one ofthe most useful inve

10、ntions”，根据语法一致原则，谓语动词用单数，故选B。5.（2017辽宁鞍山中考真题）一Good morning,fd like to buy a gift for my mother.How about the scarf?It beautiful and smooth.A.looks;feels B.sounds;feels C.feels;seems D.looks;smells【答案】A【详解】句意：早上好，我想给妈妈买个礼物。这条围巾怎么样？它看起来很漂亮,摸起来很光滑。考查动词辨析。looks看起来；feels摸起来；sounds听起来；seems似乎；smells闻起来。根据

11、beautiful”可知围巾看起来很漂亮，排 除 BC；再由“smooth”可知围巾摸起来很光滑。故选A。6.（2021 上海中考真题）Your idea of a day on the beach s ounds.Can I join you?A.lovely B.softly C.politely D.beautifully【答案】A【详解】句意；你在海滩上度过一天的想法听起来很不错。我能和你一起去吗？考查形容词的用法。lovely可爱的，极好的，形容词；softly轻柔地，副词；pohtely礼貌地,副词；beautifully美丽地，副词。“sounds”为系动词，后面接形容词构成系表

12、结构。故选A。7.（2021江苏无锡中考真题）一 You added sugar in my tea?It terrible!一 Sorry,madam.Til pour you another cup right away.A.feels B.looks C.sounds D.tastes【答案】D【详解】句意：你在我的茶里加糖了吗？尝起来太糟糕了！对不起，女士。我马上再给您另倒一杯。考查动词辨析。feels感觉；looks看起来；sounds听起来；tastes尝起来。根据语境“你在我的茶里加糖了吗？太糟糕了！”可知，茶里加糖应是尝起来很难喝，因此用“tastes”，故选D。8.（2018

13、辽宁抚顺中考真题）The chicken soup delicious.I cant wait to have a taste.A.tastes B.feels C.sounds D.smells【答案】D【详解】句意：鸡肉汤闻起来很美味。我迫不及待的想尝一下。考查系动词辨析。tastes尝起来；feels摸起来；sounds听起来：smells闻起来。根据I cant waitt。have a taste.“可知还没有尝，鸡肉汤应是 闻 起来很美味。故选D。9.（2020 西藏 中考真题）Sometimes the smooth surface of the West Lake really

14、 likea mirror.A.smells B.looks C.sounds D.tastes【答案】B【详解】句意：有时光滑的西湖表面真的看起来像一面镜子。考查动词辨析。smells闻起来；looks看起来;sounds听起来；tastes尝起来。根据宾语“a mirror可知，此处表示“看起来像一面镜子。故选B。10.（2020 吉林长春中考真题）This piece of music very beautiful.Its myfavorite.A.smells B.looks C.sounds D.tastes【答案】C【详解】句意：这段音乐听起来很美妙。它是我最喜欢的。考查动词辨析。

15、smells闻起来；looks看起来；sounds听起来；tastes尝起来。本句主语是“Thispiece of music”，应与动词 听起来 搭配。故选C。11.（2020 江苏宿迁中考真题）一Mum,Im hungry.There some biscuits on the table.Enjoy them,please.A.is B.are C.has D.have【答案】B【详解】句 意:妈妈，我饿了。桌子上有一些饼干，请吃吧。考查there be句型。There be句型表示“有“，所以不能再用have/has；根据其后some biscuits是名词复数可知，be动词要用are。

16、故选B。12.（2020江苏无锡中考真题）一 Hmm,something so good.Is it a cake?Can I trysome?一 Hand-made cookies.Still warm.Here you go!A.feels B.looks C.smells D.tastes【答案】C【详解】句意：嗯，某些东西闻起来很香。是蛋糕吗？我能尝尝吗？手工制作的饼干。还带有点温度。尝尝吧！考查感官动词。A.feels感觉到；B.looks看起来；C.smells闻起来;D.tastes尝起来。根据问句中Is it a cake?Can I try some?提示，提问者并没有摸到、

17、看到或者尝到这个东西，只是闻到了它的气味并进行了猜测，故选C。13.（2020 江苏泰州中考真题）This pair of trousers smooth because they are made ofChinese silk.A.feels B.feel C.is felt D.are felt【答案】A【详解】句意：这条裤子摸起来很顺滑因为这是中国丝绸做的。考查系动词和主谓一致的用法。A：一般现在时的动词三单；B：一般现在时；C：一般现在时的被动语态，主语表单数；D：一般现在时的被动语态，主语表复数。分析句子可知，本句主语前有this pair o f修饰，谓语动词的选择取决于p air

18、,表单数，又因为feel是系动词，没有被动语态。故选A。14.（2020湖北襄阳中考真题）一 How does the banana milk shake?一 Delicious.Fd like to have another glass.A.look B.smell C.taste D.sound【答案】c【详解】句意：香蕉奶昔品尝起来怎么样？美味。我想要再来一杯。考查感官动词。look看起来；smell闻起来;taste品尝；sound听起来。根据Delicious.Id liketo have another glass”可知此处用taste表示 品尝。故选C15.（2020辽宁丹东中考

19、真题）Fresh water more important than anything else.A.is B.are C.was D.were【答案】A【详解】句意：淡水比其他任何东西都重要。考查be动词。根据句意可知，此句在陈述一个事实，故应用一般现在时，C、D 选项可排除。句子主语water为不可数名词，故谓语应用i s,故选A图过关检测】16.（2022江苏泰州八年级期末）The little baby looks so with her hat on!A.happily B.sweetly C.lovely D.quietly【答案】C【详解】句意：小婴儿戴着帽子看起来很可爱！考查词

20、义辨析。happily开心地；sweetly甜 蜜 的;lovely可爱的;quietly安静地。look在这里是连系动词，表示“看起来”，后接形容词，四个选项中只有C 选项是形容词，“看起来很可爱”符合语境。故选C。17.（2022江苏南通八年级期末）一 Not only I but also my twin brother good atEnglish.一 Thafs good.Learning foreign languages really interesting.A.is;is B.is;are C.are;are D.are;is【答案】A【详解】句意：不仅我而且我的双胞胎兄弟英语

21、也很好。很好。学习外语真的很有趣。考查主谓一致。第一空notonly.butalso意为“不但而且”，连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，此处“my twin brother”是单数，因此be动词是is；第二空是动名词短语“Learning foreign languages”作主语，因此be动词也用单数is。故选A。18.（2022 山东济南八年级期末）一Whats your plan for the weekend,Kate?If the weather fine,I,ll take a ride to the park.A.is B.are C.was D.were【答案】A【详解】句

22、意：凯特，你周末的计划是什么？如果天气好，我将开车去公园。考查动词时态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，时态上遵循“主将从现 原则，所以从句用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词w ealher,所以be动词用is。故选A。19.（2022辽宁大连八年级期末）I like this dress.It comfortable.A.feels B.sounds C.wears D.touches【答案】A【详解】句意：我喜欢这件连衣裙。感觉很舒服。考查动词辨析。feel摸 起 来;sound听起来；wear穿；touch触摸。根据“Ifortable.可知，此处是系表结构，应用系动词，衣服是摸起来舒服，故选

23、A。20.（2022湖北襄阳八年级期末）一The population of China large.About half of thepopulation farmers.Now more and more farmers are moving to towns and cities.A.is;are B.are;is C.is;is D.are;are【答案】A【详解】句意：中国的人口很多。大约一半的人口是农民。现在越来越多的农民搬到城镇去了。考查主谓一致。根据“The population。尸可知，主语是单数，第一空用is；当population被百分数或分数修饰时，表示部分人口，作主语

24、时，be动词用a re,故选A。21.（2022匕京西城年级期末）一 Tim,have you ever heard the song Together for a SharedFuture?一 Yes,it beautiful.A.smells B.sounds C.feels D.looks【答案】B【详解】句意：蒂姆，你 听 过 一起向未来这首歌吗？是的，听起来很美。考查系动词。smells闻起来：sounds听起来；feels摸起来；looks看起来。根据have you everheard the song Together for a Shared Future?,一起向未来是一首

25、歌曲，应该是听起来很美。故选B。22.（2022山东 济南市天桥区教育教学研究中心中学教研科八年级期末）一What do you thinkof the Toms music?一 Oh,the Toms music more like rock.A.sees B.looks C.smells D.sounds【答案】D【详解】句意：你觉得汤姆斯的音乐怎么样？哦，汤姆斯的音乐听起来更像摇滚乐。考查动词辨析。sees看:looks看；smells闻起来；sounds听起来。根据music”可知，音乐应该是听起来，故选D。23.（2022辽宁大连八年级期末）一 It crazy,but I dont

26、 know what to take.Tmleaving tomorrow.一 Dont worry.Let me help you.A.sounds B.looks C.feels D.tastes【答案】A【详解】句意：听起来很疯狂，但我不知道该怎么办。我明天就要走了。别担心。让我来帮你。考查感官动词辨析。sounds听起来；looks看起来；feels感觉；tastes尝起来。根据crazy和but 1 dont know what to take”可知，表示听起来疯狂，此处“sounds”符合语境。故选Ao24.（2022云南昭通 八年级期末）一Hi,madam.Would you l

27、ike this silk dress?It softand smooth.OK.Let me try it on.A.sounds B.feels C.becomes D.smells【答案】B【详解】句意：你好，女士，你喜欢这件丝质的裙子吗？它摸起来柔和、光滑。好的。让我试穿一下。考查感官动词。sounds听起来；feels感觉；becomes变得；smells闻起来。根据Itsoft and smooth.”可知，此处指裙子摸起来柔软且光滑。故选B。25.（2022 重庆泰江八年级期末）一Why do you very h叩py this afternoon?Because we are

28、 going to spend the evening at Lilys house.A.look B.sound C.taste D.smell【答案】A【详解】句 意:今天下午你为什么看起来很高兴？因为我们今晚要在莉莉家过。考查动词辨析。look看起来；sound听起来；taste尝起来；smell闻起来。根据very happy”可知，此处指看起来开心，故选A。26.（2022,北京朝阳八年级期末）一You pale.Are you feeling all right?一Im OK.Dont worry.A.look B.taste C.smell D.sound【答案】A【详解】句意：

29、你看起来脸色苍白。你感觉还好吗？我很好。别担心。考查系动词辨析。look看起来；taste尝起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来。根据下文“m OK.DorTt worry.”可知，此处是“你看起来脸色苍白”，故选A。27.（2022 可 4匕秦皇岛年级期末）Once upon a time,there a very old man named YuGong.A.is B.are C.was D.were【答案】C【详解】句意：从前，有一个非常年迈的人叫愚公。考查be动词。根据“Once upon a time”可知句子是一般过去时，主语a very old man是单数，be动词应用w

30、a s,故选C。28.（2022福建龙岩八年级期末）Not only he but also I moved by the movie TheBattle at Lake Changjin.A.are B.is C.am【答案】C【详解】句意：不仅他，我也被电影 长津湖感动了。考查主谓一致。are是，主语是复数，或第二人称；is是，主语是第三人称单数；am 是，主语是I。not only.but also.“不但 而且 连接两个主语时，谓语动词采用就近原则，主语是I,be动词用am。故选C。29.（2022江苏扬州八年级期末）The food there doesnt taste as goo

31、d as it.Dont eatonly with your eyes.A.smells B.is smelt C.looks D.is looked【答案】C【详解】句意：那里的食物没有看起来的那么好吃。不要只用眼睛吃饭。考查动词辨析。smells闻,嗅 ；looks看 起 来 根 据 Dont eat only with your eyes.“可知,那里的食物没有看起来那么好吃，应用looks；look作感官动词，不用于被动语态。故选C。30.（2021 福建 上杭县教师进修学校八年级期末）The cover of the book comfortable.Its made of silk

32、.A.tastes B.feels C.sounds【答案】B【详解】句意：这本书的封面感觉很舒服。它是丝绸做的。考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来；feels感觉起来，触摸；sounds听起来。根据The cover of fbrtable.”可知，此处是指书摸起来很舒服。故选B。二、完形填空（2022陕西渭南八年级期末）Last month,I went to Yunnan for my summer holiday with my family.The trip 31really enjoyable.Here Id like to tell you about my trip.The fi

33、rst morning,we got up early when we were there.We 32 to go sightseeing inLugu Lake first.We went boating and saw some 33 shows.Then we started to climb up ahill.On the top of the hill,34 saw beautiful and clear scenery（景色）.I really enjoyedstaying there.The second morning we went to Lijiang 35 bus.It

34、 took a lot of time to go there.Whenwe anived there,it was almost in 36 evening.After a short rest,we had a picnic andenjoyed the old streets under the moon.We went to Kunming,the“spring city”,on the third day.We visited Dianchi,watched thebirds and went to the flower market.We were a little tired,3

35、7_ we had a fantastic day.The four-day trip was over soon.We should38 home.I think 39 Yunnan is themost beautiful place in China.I will never forget the days I spent in40 it again.Yunnan and I hope31.A.isB.wasC.areD.were32.A.decidedB.decideC.will decideD.has decided33.A.wonderfullyB.badlyC.wonderful

36、D.bad34.A.theyB.themC.usD.we35.A.byB.inC.onD.with36.A.aB.anC.theD./37.A.andB.orC.soD.but38.A.goB.goingC.to goingD.to go39.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.when40.A.play【答案】B.visitC.to playD.to visit31.B 32.A 33.C 34.D 35.A 36,C 37.D 38.A 39.B 40.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己与家人去云南游玩的经历。31.句意：这次旅行真的很愉快。is是（主语为单数）：was是（is 的

37、过去式）：are是（主语为复数）：were是（are的过去式）。根据“Last month”可知是一般过去时；主语The trip”为单数形式。故选B。32.句意：我们决定先去观光泸沽湖。decided决 定（动词过去式）；decide决 定（动词原形）；will decide将决定（一般将来时）；has decided已经决定（现在完成时）。根据语境可知，此处是在叙述过去发生的事，故句子应用一般过去时，故动词decide应用过去式。故选A。33.句意：我们去划船，还看了一些精彩的表演。wonderfully很 好 地（副词）；badly糟 糕 地（副词）；wonderful很 好 的（形容词

38、）；bad糟糕 的（形容词）。空格后为名词“shows”，故应用形容词修饰；根据“I really enjoyed stayingthere.可知我真的很喜欢呆在那里，推知表演很精彩。故选C。34.句意：我们看到了美丽而清晰的景色they他 们（主格）；them他 们（宾格）：us我 们（宾格）；w e我 们（主格）。此处作主语，排除BC；根据前句可知是以第一人称视角描述。故选D。35.句意：第二天早上，我们坐公共汽车去了丽江。by乘；in 里面；on上面；with和。空格后为bus”,故应搭配介词by使用，意为“乘坐公共汽车”。故选A。36.句意：当我们到达那里时，已经快到傍晚了。a 不定冠

39、词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。in the evening为固定搭配，意为“在傍晚”,符合句意，故选C。37.句意：虽然我们有点累，但我们度过了美好的一天。and并且；o r否则；或者；so所以；but但是。根据语境可知，此处存在转折关系，故应用buto故选Do38.句意：我们该回家了。go去（动词原形）；going去（动名词/现在分词）；to going去（介宾结构）；to go去（动词不定式）。should是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故选A。39.句意：我认为云南是中国最美丽的地方。if是否;如果；t

40、hat那 个;what什 么;when什么时候。宾语从句表陈述意义，只起连接作用，不做任何成分用that。故选B。40.句意：我永远不会忘记我在云南度过的日子，我希望能再次游览云南。play玩 耍（动词原形）：visit游 览（动词原形）；to play去 玩（动词不定式）；to visit游览（动词不定式）。此处指“游览云南”；hope to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”，故选Do三、阅读理解A（2022 河南方城县基础教育教学研究室八年级期末）You might think that drinking fruit juice is healthy.But thats not

41、 quite true.A study（研究）shows that drinking too much juice even 100%fruit juice will do great harm to your healthand can even make you die early.This is because these drinks have a lot of sugar.Scientists said drinking too much fruit juiceis just like drinking too much soda（汽水）一 they both have a lot

42、of sugar.Eating too much sweetfood can cause many health problems,such as getting fat and heart disease.Fruit juice hasvitamins（维生素），but there are very few vitamins in it.In the study,both soda and 100%fruit juice are“sweet drinks”.Scientists found that ifpeople get 10%or more of their energy from s

43、weet drinks every day,they may die from heartdisease or other diseases.Jean Welsh,one of the scientists in the study,told CNN,“People shoulddrink less sweet drinks,whether soda or fruit juice.Does this mean that eating fruit is also unhealthy?Fruit is still fine.When you eat 100g offruit,youre getti

44、ng less sugar than if you drink 100g of juice,because the fruit has lots of fiber（纤维）.This fiber is also good fbr our health.Its better to eat the whole fruit instead of fruit juice.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。41.What will happen if people eat too much sugar every day?A.They will become thinner.B.They will get few

45、er vitamins.C.They might have sleep problems.D.They might die from heart disease.42.What does the underlined word refer to（指的是）?A.Fruit juice.B.Sweet drinks.C.Soda.D.Sugar.43.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Fruit has lots of fiber.B.Fruit juice has lots of sugar.C.Its b

46、etter to drink more fruit juice.D.People shouldnt drink more sweet drinks.44.What does the writer most want to tell us in the passage?A.Fruit juice is a kind of sweet drink.B.People have too much sugar every day.C.Drinking soda can cause many health problems.D.Eating the whole fruit is better than d

47、rinking fruit juice.45.In which part of a newspaper can we read this passage?A.Culture.B.Health.C.Science.D.Life.【答案】41.D 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了果汁含有大量的糖，喝果汁等含糖量太高的东西会引起健康问题，甚至导致死亡，建议人们最好吃整个水果，少喝果汁。41.细节理解题。根据“Scientists said drinking too much fruit juice is just like drinking too much

48、soda（汽水）一 they both have a lot of sugar.Eating too much sweet food can cause many healthproblems,such as getting fat and heart disease.和In the study,both soda and 100%fruit juiceare“sweet drinks”.Scientists found that if people get 10%or more of their energy from sweetdrinks every day,they may die f

49、rom heart disease or other diseases.“可知，吃太多的甜食会造成很多的健康问题，例如变胖和心脏病，人们吃多了可能会死于心脏病。故选D.42.词句猜测题。根据“Fruit juice has vitamins（维生素）,but there are very few vitamins in it.,可知，“it”承前代替“fruit juice”。故选A。43.细节理解题。根据“People should drink less sweet drinks,whether soda or fruit juice.和Itsbetter to eat the whole

50、fruit instead of fhiit juice.”可知，人们应该少喝甜饮料，无论是汽水还是果汁，最好吃整个水果，所以不应该多喝。故选C。44.推理判断题。根据Its better to eat the whole fruit instead of fruit juice.”并通读全文可知，作者通篇在讲喝果汁的危害，文章最后一句起一个概括总结作用，即作者的写作目的。故选Do4 5.推理判断题。通读全文本文讲述了果汁含有大量的糖，喝果汁等含糖量太高的东西会引起健康问题，建议人们吃整个水果而不是果汁，这是有关健康的话题。故选B。B（2022河南焦作 八年级期末）An old man saw