2023年高三一模英语试题及答案.pdf

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1、2023年 高 三 一 模 英 语 试 题 及 答 案 第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解（共 两 节，满 分 5 0 分）第 一 节（共 1 5 小 题；每 小 题 2.5分，满 分 3 7.5分）阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C 和 D 四 个 选 项 中，选 出 最 佳 选 项。ATop Travel Destinations 2022Penang,MalaysiaPenang is one of the only 13 states that make up Malaysia in Southeast Asia.Its food cultureis like no

2、thing youve ever experienced.If youre a food lover,this is the place to go.The centrallocation of Penang makes it a hub（枢 纽）for cuisine from many different regions including India,Thailand,Indonesia,and Vietnam.Best Time to Visit：November to JanuarySBali,IndonesiaBali has always been a top travel de

3、stination due to its beauty,but even so,there are stillhidden spots away from the main tourist attractions that offer peace and quiet.One such place isthe island of Nusa Lembongan.One tourist attraction here is the underwater Big Buddha,whichhas been placed by locals as a business attraction.It also

4、 makes for good diving and underwaterphotography,and is one of the best vacation spots for couples.Best Time to Visit：May to SeptemberAuckland,New ZealandAuckland is a coastal city known for its breathtaking views and beautiful beaches and islands.The nearby Mount Eden is a volcanic mountain you can

5、 hike and explore.With its many hikingtracks,views,beaches,and cultural sites,Auckland has enough activities to keep you busy.Best Time to Visit：March to May,September to NovemberBanff,CanadaLocated in the northern part of the Rocky Mountains in Alberta,Banff is a small town ofCanada.Most people out

6、side of Canada have probably never even heard of it,but thats whatmakes it so different from other attractions.Visitors can ski on Mount Norquay or ride the BanffGondola up Sulphur Mountain to swim in the Banff Upper Hot Springs and enjoy great views ofthe countryside.iBest Time to Visit：June to Aug

7、ust,December to March21.Where should you go if you are interested in diving?A.Penang.B.Nusa Lembongan.C.The Banff Gondola.D.The Banff Upper Hot Springs.22.If you want to explore a volcanic mountain,which month is the best choice?A.October.B.August.C.January.D.December.23.What makes Banff special com

8、pared to the other three travel destinations?A.Its famous fbr its tasty food.B.It doesnt have any mountains.C.It offers great views of beaches.D.Its not well-known to foreigners.BIn the 17th century,the Netherlands experienced a period of artistic prosperity known as theDutch Golden Age.During this

9、period,artists found inspiration in Northern Renaissance paintingtechniques,contributing to masterpieces like Girl with a Pearl Earring by Johannes Vermeer.Known as the Mona Lisa of the North”,this painting represents the best of Dutch art and it hasbecome one of art historys most beloved paintings.

10、Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer is famous for his paintings of contemporary Delft,a city inHolland where the artist was bom,lived and died.Girl with a Pearl Earring is Vermeers mostwell-known work of art.However,it did not attain international fame at its time of completion.That came about at the end

11、of the 20th century,when it was featured in a special exhibition inWashington,D.C.Girl with a Pearl Earring does not show a specific person.Instead,it shows an unknown girldressed in grand clothing who,“like a vision coming from the darkness/9 art historian Arthur K.Wheelock explained in the Johanne

12、s Venneer catalogue,belongs to no specific time or place.”Vermeer is known fbr his ability to create shapes and fbnns using light rather than line.Thischaracteristic approach to modeling is particularly evident in Girl with a Pearl Earring.First,hewould“invent”,or create an initial drawing on the ca

13、nvas.Then,he made a single coloredunderpainting.Next,he added color.And,finally,in order to make the piece extraordinarily bright,he would apply a thin layer of glaze to certain parts of the painting.In addition to its fascinating context and appealing beauty,the piece is celebrated for themystery t

14、hat surrounds it.When you think about the Mona Lisa,she is also looking at us,but sheisnt engaging shes sitting back in the painting,self-contained,Tracy Chevalier,the author ofthe New York Times bestselling historical novel,Girl with a Pearl Earring,points out.WhileGirl with a Pearl Earring is righ

15、t there there is nothing between her and us.She has thismagical quality of being incredibly open and yet mysterious at the same timeand that is whatmakes her so appealing.24.What inspired the creation of Girl with a Pearl EarringA.Previous artists skills.B.The appearance of the girl.C.Vermeers inter

16、national fame.D.Encouragement from other artists.25.What do we know about Girl with a Pearl EarringA.It is set in the artisfs birthplace.B.It makes the artist famous overnight.C.It describes a particular and exact girl.D.It is regarded as a match for Mona Lisa.26.What is the purpose of paragraph 4?A

17、.To introduce the subject of the painting.B.To show techniques used in the painting.C.To explain the artistic value of the painting.D.To uncover the mystery behind the painting.27.How does Tracy comment on Girl with a Pearl Earring!A.By citing a theory.B.By giving a definition.C.By offering an examp

18、le.D.By making a comparison.CA new technology is going to ripe,one that could transform our daily lives,help to form newindustries,even remove world economic powers from their present positions.Unlike the wave ofindustrialization that began in the West and spread later to the rest of the world,the n

19、ewdevelopments are taking place in research labs all over the globeand Asians are in the forefront.Physicists are creating a new class of materials that display an amazing property unforeseen eventwo years agosuperconductivity（超 导 体 技 术）.Used today only in specialized equipment,super conductors have

20、 the potential to radicallychange most of the electrical and electronic appliances found in the home,making them smaller,more powerful and efficient.They could free our cities of pollution by replacing petrol and diesel（柴 油）vehicles with electric cars,and cut the cost of electricity.The new material

21、s do somethingthat even the best of conductors such as copper and silver cannot-they do away with all electricalresistance.The significances for energy storage are great.The technology is in its early stage,still accessible to countries that decide to invest brainsand money.For 75 years it had remai

22、ned little more than a scientific curiosity with limitedpractical use because the phenomenon occurred only at extremely low temperatures.It was firstobserved in 1911 by a Dutch scientist named Heike Kamerlingh Onnes,who cooled mercury（水 银）to temperatures below-269 with liquid helium（M）.Then in Janua

23、ry last year,two IBMscientists,K.Alex Muller and J.George Bednorz,found a metal oxide ceramic（氧 化 陶 瓷）thatsuperconducted at-243.Their report went largely unnoticed until last December,when it wasconfirmed at a scientific meeting in Boston.Today Japan,India,China and other Asian countriesall have the

24、ir share of experts who spend their days and nights in labs,acting as midwives（助 产 士）to a new technology.28.As is indicated in the passage,the technology of s u p e r c o n d u c t i v i t y.A.has already been developed B.is still under developmentC.will be used only in specialized equipment D.will

25、be used in daily lives in a few years29.The new technology differs from the others in t h a t.A.it began in the East and spread later to the rest of the worldB.it began in the West and spread later to the rest of the worldC.it is being cultivated in research labs around the worldD.it is accessible t

26、o physicists who are intelligent and rich30.From the passage,we may conclude t h a t.A.the West was astonished at the new technology developed by the AsiansB.Dutch scientists kept reporting new findings for the last 75 yearsC.IBM scientists*report receive immediate attention all over the worldD.Asia

27、n scientists gain the lead in the growth of the new technology31.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.The Prospect of a New TechnologyB.Superconductivity:A New TechnologyC.A New Technology:The Key to Change the Way of Our LivesD.A New Technology:A Joint Effort of Many Cou

28、ntriesDWholesale prices for gas and electricity are increasing suddenly across Europe,raising thepossibility of increases in already-high utility（公 共 事 业）bills and further pain for people whohave taken a financial hit from CoVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine conflicts.Governments are struggling to find

29、ways to limit costs to consumers as scant natural gasreserves present yet another potential problem,exposing the continent to even more priceincreases and possible shortages if ifs a cold winter.In the U.K.,many people will see their gas and electricity bills rise next month after thenations energy

30、regulator approved a 12%price increase for those without contracts that lock inrates.Officials in Italy have warned that prices will increase by 40%for the quarter that will bebilled in October.There are multiple causes for the price increases,energy analysts say,including tight suppliesof natural g

31、as used to generate electricity,higher costs fbr permits to release carbon dioxide as partof Europes fight against climate change,and less supply from wind in some cases.Analysts at S&P Global Platts say electricity prices have risen due to strong demand fromplaces like data centers and electric car

32、s,but above all because of the rise in the price of naturalgas used in generating plants.Utility companies9 exposure to natural gas prices has increased ashigh-emission coal plants have been retired,while utilities face higher costs fbr carbon allowancesrequired by the European Unions emissions trad

33、ing system,which is aimed at reducing emissionsof greenhouse gases.The tight gas market could bite even more sharply if there5s an unusually cold winter.Thafsbecause European distributors did not refill reserves reduced during last winter as they typicallyhad done in summer months.In March 2018,when

34、 the freeze named“the beast from the east”hitEurope,industrial users in the U.K.got a notice that there was a risk of interruption,although itdidnt come to that.Could Europe run out of gas?”The short answer is Yes,this is a real risk,“said JamesHuckstepp,an analyst at S&P Global Platts.Storage stock

35、s are at record lows and there isntcurrently any spare supply capacity that is exportable anywhere in the world.The longer answer isthat its hard to predict how it will play out,given that Europe has never run out of gas in twodecades under the current distribution system.32.What does the underlined

36、 word“scant“in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Total.B.Additional.C.Limited.D.Regular.33.What has actually led to the rise of electricity prices?A.The great demand for electric cars.B.The closure of some coal plants.C.The competition between utility companies.D.The change in the emissions trading system

37、.34.Why could an unusually cold winter make the gas market tighter?A.More natural gas will be needed fbr industrial use.B.Utility companies work can be easily interrupted.C.It is not easy to fill reserves during the cold weather.D.European distributors dont make good preparations.35.What can we lear

38、n from James Huckstepps words in the last paragraph?A.Europe is expected to seek help from other countries.B.It is hard to control the gas price in Europe at present.C.Europe might face a serious shortage of gas in the future.D.Theres something wrong with Europes distribution system.第 二 节（共 5 小 题；每

39、小 题 2.5分，满 分 12.5分）阅 读 短 文，从 短 文 后 选 项 中 选 出 可 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项。选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项。As the proverb goes,beauty is in the eye of the beholder（观 看 者）.36 A paperpublished two years ago in Nature found a connection between peoples sense of well-being andthe scenicness（美 景）of where they lived.The pa

40、pers authors measured scenicness by conductinga survey among volunteers.The connection,the papers authors found,held true whether a neighborhood was urban orrural.37 Nor did levels of air pollution have any influence on it.The authors alsodiscovered that differences in volunteers?health were better

41、explained by the scenicness of wherethey lived than by the amount of green space around them.38 The team behind that Nature paper have nevertheless decided to have a go.Theyhave adapted a computer program to recognize beautiful landscapes,whether natural or artificial,using the criteria that a human

42、 beholder would employ.The programs task was to work out,byanalyzing each photographs features in the context of its Scenic-or-Not ratings,what it is thatmakes a landscape scenic.Most of the results are not surprising.Lakes and horizons scored well.So did valleys andsnowy mountains.In artificial lan

43、dscapes,castles,churches and cottages were seen as scenic.39 The analysis did,however,confirm one important finding from the teams previousstudy,which is also a message for town planners.Green spaces alone are not scenic.To be so theyneed to involve contours（高 低 起 伏 的 轮 廓）and trees.40A.But surroundi

44、ngs matter.B.Hospitals,garages and motels were not so much.C.So people have a deep affection for where they live.D.It bore no relation to volunteers social and economic status.E.Therefore,less grass and more trees and bushes would be welcome.F.Natural landscapes are rated as scenicness as opposed to

45、 artificial landscapes.G.Detennining what scenicness is,though,has always been frustrating for scientists.第 三 部 分 语 言 运 用（共 两 节，满 分 30分）第 一 节（共 15小 题；每 小 题 1分，满 分 15分）阅 读 下 面 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C、D 四 个 选 项 中 选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项。When you are storm chasing,most mornings start off in a cheap h

46、otel trying to rememberwhere you ended up the night before.This morning,we were in Wichita,Kansas,midway througha project to 41 the dramatic and destructive weather that travels across the middle of theUnited States every spring.We loaded the car with our 42 and off we went,driving under cloudless b

47、lue skies forhundreds of miles.Then we reached the border of our targeted storm and entered a dark scene ofclouds and occasional rain.As we 43 the heart of the storm,we found ourselves 44with high winds,violent rain,and severe hail（冰 雹）,Photographer Krystle,at the wheel,45to get in front of the stor

48、m,but it was moving too fast.We could 46 keep pace with it.Then we caught sight of something 47 created by the storm：a rain-wrapped tornadohalf a mile to our right.The chaotic conditions made it 48 for us to keep it in sight.We lostour cellphone signals and all the data we were desperately 49 for co

49、mmunication.Wecouldnt see beyond 2（）feet.That was when Nick,our expedition（探 险）leader and weather expert,called,f c We have to flee.,Krystle 50 changed direction,driving the car north onto a countryroad,51 the madness of that dangerous chase.We werent done.After a stretch of clear skies,we found ano

50、ther 52 waiting fbr us.This time,we 53 to get in front of it,stopping to photograph it and racing back to the car to54 its extreme anger.A little past midnight,we let the storm go.We watched as the lightning-filled cloud rolledaway,displaying the night sky a beautiful 55 for those reckless（不 顾 危 险 的