2018年浙江省宁波市中考英语试题(教师版含解析).pdf

《2018年浙江省宁波市中考英语试题(教师版含解析).pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2018年浙江省宁波市中考英语试题(教师版含解析).pdf（19页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、宁波市宁波市 2018 年初中学业水平考试年初中学业水平考试英语试题英语试题一、完形填空一、完形填空It does not always come easy to discover oneself.From a young age,I had a strong sense of who I was tobecome,_1_ an accident made me redefine(重审)myself.To me,skating was above all.There was _2_ in this world that filled my heart with such joy.I spent

2、twenty-four hours a week practicing my _3_.Having no social life or interests but skating,my devotion(挚爱)brought me first place medals in nearly every _4_.Unfortunately,in one show,I fell down and hurt myself _5_.After several X-rays and MRI(磁共振)scans,the_6_(told)Tie that I couldnt return to my spor

3、t any more.The pain in my back was hard to bear and eventhe_7_daily tasks became difficult.As my passion(激情)was_8_,I had little sense of who I was to become.After eight months of suffering,something had to _9_.Instead of wasting my days sitting around painfully,I began to put my_10_intolocal communi

4、ty service projects.By volunteering _11_ a swimming teacher and summer reading assistant forkids,I got an idea of who I_12_to become.After a few months,I devoted time to my interest in the arts.Littleby Little,I_13_out of the shadow(阴影)and rebuilt my confidence.Sometimes,some_14_rocks block(阻碍)our w

5、ay.We can choose to stay behind or try to climb over.Myaccident was a rock that _15_ to stop me from reaching success.Today Im a very confident and optimisticperson.1.A.andB.butC.orD.so2.A.everythingB.somethingC.nothingD.anything3.A.skillsB.behaviorsC.thoughtsD.habits4.A.meetingB.partyC.concertD.com

6、petition5.A.quicklyB.softlyC.badlyD.slowly6.A.waiterB.doctorC.teacherD.policeman7.A.usefulB.basicC.properD.busy8.A.found outB.brought backC.waken upD.taken away9.A.changeB.remainC.leaveD.arrive10.A.energyB.dutyC.wealthD.spirit11.A.withB.forC.asD.to12.A.wantedB.startedC.promisedD.lived13.A.ranB.jumpe

7、dC.stoodD.stepped14.A.smallB.largeC.uglyD.round15.A.managedB.helpedC.failedD.continued【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.C6.B7.B8.D9.A10.A11.C12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】发现自己的人生之路总是不那么容易的，故事中的“我”的人生方向本来坚定不移是滑冰，但是一次意外让我失去了重返赛场的能力，给了“我”一次重新思考、再次找到人生方向的机会。1.句意：从年轻的时候起，我就强烈地意识到自己要成为什么样的人，但是一场意外让我重新定义了自己。这里有明显的转折关系，说的是之前我很明确自己要成

8、为什么样的人，后面的“redefine”说明发生了“重新定义”，所以这里是转折关系，选项 A.和；选项 B.但是；选项 C.或者；D.所以。故选 B。2.句意：这个世界上没有什么东西能让我那么满心欢喜。A.一切，每样东西 B.某事，某物 C.没什么(东西)D.任何东西。前面的那一句说“滑冰对我来说超越一切”说明了作者对这项运动极度热爱，所以世界上没有什么东西(nothing)可以带给我那样的快乐了。故选 C。3.句意：我每周花二十四小时练习我的技巧。A.技能 B.行为 C.思想 D.习惯。因为热爱这项运动，便会花费大量时间用于练习对应的运动技能(skills)。故选 A。4.句意：没有社交生活

9、或兴趣，我只有滑冰，我的挚爱几乎在每场比赛中都给我带来第一名的奖牌。A.会议 B.派对 C.音乐会 D.比赛。“first place medals”指的是“第一名的奖牌”，这只可能在比赛(competition)中获得，故选 D。5.句意：不幸的是，在一场表演中，我摔倒并严重地弄伤了自己。A.迅速地 B.轻轻地 C.严重地 D.慢慢地。从后面做的种种检查可以看出这次跌倒的后果很严重，选择副词(badly)来形容程度“严重地”，故选 C。6.句意：在做完几次 X 光和磁共振扫描后，医生告诉我我不能再重返运动场了。A.侍者 B.医生 C.老师 D.警察。能在做完检查后告知“我”不能重返赛场的只能

10、是医生了，故选 B。7.句意：我背部的痛苦难以承受，甚至基本的日常工作也变得困难。A.有用的 B.基本的 C.适当的 D.忙碌的。后背很痛，所以“很基本的”(basic)日常活动都会很难，表示这次受伤严重影响了我的日常生活，故选 B。8.句意：因为我的激情被带走了，所以我对于自己将会成为什么人几乎没有感觉了。A.找出，查明 B.带回去 C.唤醒 D.带走。as 引出的是原因，正因为这次伤痛“剥夺、带走”(take away)了我的激情，所以才会导致了我失去了方向，故选 D。9.句意：在八个月的痛苦之后，某些东西不得不改变了。A.改变 B.保持 C.离开 D.到达。后面说我不再浪费时间了而是去参

11、加社区服务项目，说明在这里一些事情发生了改变(change)，故选 A。10.句意：我开始把精力放在本地的社区服务项目上了。A.能源；精力 B.责任 C.财富 D.精神。“put energyinto”指的是“把精力放在上面”，这里是说作者做出了改变，把精力放到社区服务上面了，故选 A。11.句意：通过志愿作为一名为儿童的游泳教师和暑期阅读助理。“volunteer as”指的是“作为提供志愿服务”，这里的介词“as”翻译成“作为”，其他的介词均无此意，这里是说“我”作为而提供志愿服务，故选 C。12.句意：我知道了我要成为谁。A.想要 B.开始 C.承诺 D.生活。这里是说通过志愿服务我再次

12、知道了自己想要成为谁，故选 A。13.句意：一点一点地，我走出了阴影，重建了我的自信。A.跑 B.跳 C.站立 D.跨步;(连续)迈步。这里是说我一点一点“走出”(step out of)了过去的阴影，不可能是“跑出”或其他，故选 D。14.句意：有的时候，一些巨大的岩石阻挡了我们的道路。A.小的 B.大的 C.丑的 D.圆的。这里作者把遇到的困难比作了“巨大的岩石”，形容这些困难是很大的，是阻挡我们前行的，故选 B。15.句意：我的事故就是一块岩石，但没能阻挡我接近成功。A.管理 B.帮助 C.失败 D.继续。“fail to do”为“没能做成”，这里是说那块大石头并没有阻止我靠近成功，故

13、选 C。二、阅读理解二、阅读理解(A)As long as everyone contributes a little,the world 吐 ll become a much better place.Most people are kind-hearted and want to lend a helping hand.Now lets share some memorable moments.Linda:Once,when I was on my way back to my hometown,I lost my purse without evenknowing it.I was to

14、ld over the trains loudspeaker that my purse was at the railway stations lost and found office.But the train had already started.Seeing my helplessness,a kind hostess offered to lend me some money.I wentback to the railway station and got my purse.I am still thankful to the railway staff and the per

15、son who found mypurse.Scott:When I was a little boy,there was a time when I went to fish with my elder sister.All ofa sudden,I slipped into the river.The next thing I remember is my father holding me in the hospital.Today I stilldont know who got me out of that river.I have been trying to help other

16、 people whenever I can all these years.Tina:One of my neighbors is an old man who cannot speak.He makes money by recyclingwaste.Our other neighbors dont like his behavior.But in my opinion,its his way to support hisfamily.Once,after cleaning my house,I placed some cardboard boxes in his garden and l

17、eft my rubbish beside mydoor.However,when I was about to go out,I found nothing outside my door but a note:I have thrown away yourrubbish.You are a nice girl.Thanks a lot!16.According to the passage above,we know thatA.the hostess found Lindas purseB.Linda knew where she lost her purseC.Scott still

18、doesnt know who got him out of the riverD.some cardboard boxes were stolen by Tinas neighbor17.The writer is trying to tell us the value ofA.healthB.kindnessC.moneyD.safety18.The passage above is probably a.A.reportB.diaryC.novelD.letter【答案】16.C17.B18.A【解析】本文分享了一些人在生活中做出的点滴善举，这些善举给人内心中留下了深刻的印象。16.句意

19、：根据上面的段落，我们知道：斯科特仍然不知道是谁把他从河里捞出来的。A.女主人找到了琳达的钱包 B.琳达知道她在哪里丢了钱包 C.斯科特仍然不知道是谁把他从河里捞出来的 D.一些纸箱被蒂娜的邻居偷走了。原文“Today I still dont know who got me out of that river.”(今天，我仍然不知道是谁把我从那条河里捞出来的。)，故选 C。17.句意：作家试图告诉我们的是善良的价值。A.健康 B.善良 C.钱 D.安全。原文“Most people are kind-heartedand want to lend a helping hand.”(大多数人都

20、是善良的并且希望伸出援助之手。)，说明本文作者想要弘扬的善行义举，强调的是善良的价值，故选 B。18.句意：上面的这篇文章可能是一份报告。A.报告 B.日记 C.小说 D.信。这篇文章是由 3 个小故事结合而成的，并且在开头简单说明了文章的主题，题材应该不是日记、小说或信件，可以是一份报告。故选 A。点睛：本偏第 3 小题是关于文章体裁的猜测。这里很容易误选 C(小说)，如果这是小说，应该有完整的起因、经过和结果，描述的应该是完整的故事，但这篇文章的结构明显不是这样，在开头简单说明了文章的主题，然后讲了 3 个小故事，还配了 3 附图，引用了 3 个人的话，非常像一篇报道，或是一份报告，而非小

21、说。(B)I graduated from college recently and moved to Washington by myself.While I was in college,it was reallyeasy to meet new people.But out in the real world,I was finding it really hard.I live in a big city,and it seemslike everyone around me is busy or already has all the friends they want.I was

22、feeling so discouraged(沮丧的)andI didnt know what to do,so I called my sister for some advice.My sister is five years older than I am,so shes been through all this already.Shes been helping me with myproblems all my life.When I explained my problem,she understood completely.She said,Why dont you tryme

23、eting people online?Online?Are you kidding?I asked.A friend of mine chatted with a guy online,and when she finally methim face to face,he was nothing like what he said.My sister laughed.You dont have to look for dates online,she said.But you can find other people likeyoupeople who have just moved to

24、 town and want to make some new friends.When I first moved to New Yorkafter college,I found a book club and a football team online.I met a lot of people that way.But you dont even like football!I said.I know,she replied.But that didnt matter.I still bad a lot of fun.You played volleyball in college.

25、Whydont you look for a volleyball team to join?Or an art class?Yeah!I saw a website about volunteering the other day.I said.I could volunteer for an organization here inWashington.I bet I could meet a lot of really nice people that way.Good idea!my sister answered excitedly.Hey,you might even meet t

26、he perfect guy.OK,now youre starting to sound like Mom,I said.Thanks a lot for the advice.Im going online right now.Ill let you know what happens.Will you be home tonight?No,but Ill be here all day tomorrow,so give me a call,my sister replied.Good luck!19.What was the writers problem?A.She was cheat

27、ed by her friend online.B.She was refused by a volleyball team.C.She couldnt meet people in her new city.D.She felt discouraged in her college.20.The writers sisterA.lives in the same city as the writerB.doesnt have any advice for the writerC.had the same problem when she finished collegeD.didnt go

28、to college,but understands the writers problem21.The writer is probably going toA.become a member of a football teamB.look for dates onlineC.join a book club like her sister didD.volunteer for an organization22.Whats the best title for this passage?A.Looking for Fun OnlineB.Volunteering in a New Cit

29、yC.Chatting with Friends OnlineD.Making Friends in a New City【答案】19.C20.C21.D22.D【解析】这篇文章讲了“我”毕业后的一个实际问题无法在新城市结识朋友，“我”向姐姐求助，姐姐为我提出了十分实用可行的建议。19.句意：作者的问题是什么？A.她在网上被她的朋友骗了。B.她被排球队拒绝了。C.她无法在新的城市遇见他人。D.她在大学时感到气馁。原文“But out in the real world,I was finding itreally hard.”(但“在现实世界中”，我发现它很难。)，这里的“it”指“meet

30、new people”，遇见新的人，这是作者的问题所在。故选 C。20.句意：这位作家的姐姐大学毕业时也遇到同样的问题。A.和作家住在同一个城市 B.对作者没有任何建议C.大学毕业时也遇到同样的问题 D.她没有上大学，但了解作者的问题。选项 A 未提及，选项 B 不正确，文章中很大篇幅都在讲姐姐给我的建议，原文“When I first moved to New York after college”说明姐姐上过大学，选项 D 不正确。原文“so shes been through all this already.”和“she understood completely”说明姐姐也经过这些，

31、十分理解，故选 C。21.句意：作家可能会去为一个组织提供志愿服务。A.成为一个足球队的成员 B.在网上寻找约会 C.像她姐姐一样加入一家书店 D.为一个组织提供志愿服务。原文“I could volunteer for an organization here inWashington.”(我可以在华盛顿为这里的一个组织做志愿者。)，故选 D。22.句意：这篇文章最佳标题是什么？A.在网上寻找乐趣 B.在新城市进行志愿服务C.在线与朋友聊天 D.在新城市中交朋友。这篇文章始于“我”的困惑(在新城市里谁也不认识)，姐姐为“我”提出了建议，建议我参加俱乐部或者集体组织，找到有共同爱好的人，就能有

32、新朋友了。所以文章的最佳标题就是“在新城市中交朋友”。故选 D。(C)Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能)is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think and learn.Itis also a field of study that tries to make computers smart.John McCarthy,a scientist,came up with the nameartificial intelligence in 1955.Many things such as le

33、arning and problem solving can be done by computers,though not in the same way as we do.An unusual goal ofAI research is to create computer programs that can learn,solve problems,and thinklogically(逻辑地).At present we use the term Al for successfully understanding human speech,recognizing(识别)human fa

34、ces,operating self-driving cars and competing in some game systems like Chess andAlphGo(阿尔法狗).Some people also considerAI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly.Professor Stephen Hawking(霍金),a well-known British scientist,was not for this kind of technology.Math is the basic language ofAI.If

35、we raise the standard in the learning of math,our students will be morelikely to become successfulAI designers in the future.We not only want bright students,but also need to attractaverage students and give them the math skills which are needed to change them into AI designers.Besides,a goodknowled

36、ge of computer science is also necessary forAI designing.Scientists hope to create creative and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art.Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this fascinating field.23.From Paragraph 1,we know thatA.all problems can be solved

37、by AIB.machines with AI can think and learnC.AI has been around for only 60 years.D.AI works in the same way as humans24.The underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refers to(指的是)A.ChessB.AlphaGoC.the dangerD.AI25.According to the writer and the following school report,which student will most probably bec

38、ome a successfulAI designer?School ReportSubject/NameMath(100)Art(100)Computer(100)Mike609595Peter956590Amy659095Cathy959560A.Mike.B.Peter.C.Amy.D.Cathy.26.Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientistsaboutAI.A.wishesB.worriesC.feelingsD.discoveries【答案】23.B24.D25.B26.A【解析】本文主要介绍了 AI(人工智能)的发展，最新的成果(Alph

39、Go)以及成为 AI 设计师必备的技能和科学家对 AI 的愿景。23.句意：从第 1 段我们知道具有 AI 的机器可以思考和学习。A.所有问题都可以通过 AI 解决；B.具有 AI的机器可以思考和学习；C.AI 已经存在了 60 年；D.AI 的工作方式与人类相同。原文“Artificial intelligence(AI)is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think and learn.”(人工智能(AI)是计算机程序或机器思考和学习的能力。)，所以具有 AI 的机器可以思考和学习，故选 B。24.句意：第 2 段中的下

40、划线词“it”指的是 AlphaGo。A.国际象棋 B.AlphaGo；C.危险 D.AI，原文“Somepeople also considerAI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly.”(有些人认为 AI 如果发展得太快，就会对人类构成危险。)，这里的“it”指前半句中的“AI”，意思是如果 AI 发展过快，人们认为可能会是一种危险，故选 D。25.句意：根据作者和下面的学校报告，哪个学生最有可能成为一名成功的 AI 设计师？原文“If we raise thestandard in the learning of math,our

41、students will be more likely to become successfulAI designers in thefuture.”(如果我们提高数学学习的标准，我们的学生将来更有可能成为 AI 设计师。)说明数学对于成为 AI设计师至关重要，结合学校报告，得知 Peter 数学得分最高，他最有可能成为一名成功的 AI 设计师。故选 B。26.句意：第 4 段主要告诉我们科学家关于人工智能的愿望。A.愿望 B.忧虑 C.感受 D.发现。原文“Scientistshope to create creative and emotionalAI which can possibl

42、y understand human feelings or create art.”(科学家希望创造出能够理解人类情感或创造艺术的具有创造性和情感化的人工智能。)，这一段主要在谈论“科学家希望的东西”，即科学家的愿望，故选 A。(D)In our culture,the ability to make ones own decisions is important.John F.Kennedys quote(引语)Too oftenwe enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort of thought.shows an unplea

43、sant truth.Much of what we know and believe has been taught to us by others,and we often accept this informationwithout spending much time thinking it over for ourselves.In todays world,we are being presented with information,ideas and beliefs,but many of them are againsteach other.Psychology(心理学)te

44、lls us that if we hear an idea enough times,or 心 t comes from someone werespect(尊敬),we will probably believe that idea.In these cases,we base our opinions on the opinions of others.Ifeach of us does not think about this information for ourselves and come to our own conclusions,we will becomenothing

45、more than parrots(鹦鹉)quoting the opinions of others.Examples of spreading fake news without thought can be seen on the Internet.Some people believe whateverthey read and then share the story without thinking about the facts.All it takes is one quick click(点击)of theshare button,and the story travels

46、on its way to influence even more unthinking readers.This can cause seriousproblems.If we just stop for a moment to think about what we read and hear,and form our own opinions,we will bemore thoughtful,more independent,and more creative people,but few take that time.Yet we need not lose heartover th

47、is bad habit.In fact,simply becoming aware(意识到)of it is the first step towards correcting it.Once webecome aware that we tend(趋向)to hold opinions and beliefs without thinking them through,we can change thatpattern of behavior.Hopefully,we can learn to experience and enjoy the discomfort of thought a

48、nd form our ownopinions.27.Whats the purpose of this passage?A.To describe how Internet news spreads.B.To explain why people dont have their own opinions.C.To tell people that they should have their own thoughts.D.To warn people not to believe other peoples ideas.28.The underlined word fake in Parag

49、raph 4 probably meansA.untrueB.unhappyC.unfairD.unusual29.How can we have our own opinions according to the passage?A.By spreading the information we receive.B.By learning more about psychology.C.By quoting others opinions like parrots.D.By thinking about what we read and hear.30.We can probably fin

50、d this passage in a book aboutA.historyB.educationC.sportsD.languages【答案】27.C28.A29.D30.B【解析】这篇文章讨论了在当今社会一个人具有自己的观点、培养独立思考意识的重要性。27.句意：这篇文章的目的是什么？A.描述互联网新闻如何传播。B.解释人们为什么没有自己的观点。C.告诉人们他们应该有自己的想法。D.警告人们不要相信别人的想法。原文“In our culture,the ability to makeones own decisions is important.”(在我们的文化中，能做出自己的决定的能力