英语每日一练.pdf
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1、题型:主语从句翻译演练1.That as much as one-fourth of all timber harvested is not used proved to be false.I 翻译演练w _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 参考译文,所有砍伐的木材有多达四分之一没有被利用,结果讦明这是错误的.&结构分析力(That as much as one-fourt
2、h of all timber harvested is not used)provedto be false.句子的主干是:That引导名词从句作主语,谓语动词是proved to be false是不定式作表语;在主语从句中,主语是timber,as much as one-fourth of all是主语timber的前置定语,harvested是timber的后置定明谓语是is not used;此句中that引导的名词性从句置于句首,表面上看头加脚轻,实际这是一种语官修辞,是一种强调手段.知识链接,as much a s多达;timber木材;harvest收割,收获;prove t
3、o b e结果证明是.Iksnvan.口号肖训2.Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expenseof technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which Is seen as the driving force.1翻译演练&参 考 译 文 方 政府究竟是应减少对技术经资的投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入,还是相反,这往往取决于把哪一方看做是界动力量.K结构分析E 句子主干结构是wftelAer the Go
4、vernment.or vice versa depends onthe issue(of which.);whether弓 导名词性从句作句子的主语,谓语是动诃短语dependson,宾语是the issue,其后面的of which.是介词短语作the issue的后置定语.值得注意的是在。f后面,which引导的是名词性从句,作介词cf的宾语(即宾语从句).故此句有两个名词性从句,whether和which各引导一个,分别作句子主语和介词宾港.知识链接?此处的finance因为有-ing结尾,故是动词的用法,意为“财政支持”,不能简单地理解为名词词义“财政”;pure纯悴的;pure s
5、cience纯科学,expense消费,花费;at theexpense of 相当于 at the price/cost of 以.为代价 idrive 驱赶,驱动i the driving force 动力,驱动力量.3.Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death ofthe more independent kind is hard to say.【参考译文】有组织野营活动的显著增长是否意味着较独立野营活动的消亡还很难说.工结构分析工(Whether the remarkable
6、growth of organized camping means theeventual death o f the more independent kind)is hard to say.括号中 whether 引导的名词性从句是此句的主语,谓语是系动词is,hard是表语,to say是状语;括号中的主语从句里,主语是growth,谓语动词是 means,宾语是 death.remarkable 和 of organized camping 是从句主语 growth的前、后置定语,eventual和of the more independent kind是从句宾语death的前、后置定
7、语。区知识链陵 remarkable显著的,非同寻常的;growth增长,camping野营,露营,organized camping有组织的野营i mean意味着,eventual最终的 independent独立的.4.It is also the argument of these sports executives that television is harming themodest teams.E翻译演练:;区 参考谭文;这些体育管理者还认为电视正在给那些低调球队带来伤害.匕结构分析 此句可拆分为以下几部分;()is also(the argument of these spor
8、tsexecutives)(.that television is harming the modest teams).其中,it 是形式主语,为避免句式结构的头重脚轻,代替了 that主语从句,此句的正常句式结构应为(That television.)isalso(the argument of.)E知识链接F argument主张,观点(在阅读中不要总机械地理解为“争 执/争 议,executive行政人员,管理人员,modest谋虚的,此处引申为“低调的,题型:宾语从句翻译演练1.Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within
9、a social contracty as part of anexchange of duties and entitlements.,,廿 、小 g 的译演练i泽 得 始 有 些 哲 学 家 认 为:权 利 只 存 在 于 社 会 契 约 中,是责任与权利交换双方中自一方.I结构分析 句子可以拆分为:Some philosophers argue(优ar rights exist only within asocial contract as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements).Some philosophers 是主语,argu
10、e是谓语动词,that引导名词性从句作宾语(即宾语从句),在that宾语从句中,主语是rights,谓语是exist,介词短语only within和as part of.分别是动词exist的范围状语和方式状语.【知识链接】philosopher哲学家,argue主张、认为(在阅读中不要总机械的理解为“争执/争议)icontract 合同,契约;exchange 交换;entitlements 利益,权利(entitle 授权)2 The phrase Msubstance abuse“is often used instead of“drug abuse to make clearthat
11、 substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin andcocaine.翻译演练;【参考语文】“麻醉品浓用”一词常用来代替“毒品滥用”,这是为了说明:像烟、酒这类物质如果滥用的话,也会与海洛因和可卡因一样有害.【结构分析】The phrase substance abuse is often used(instead of drug abuse*)(tomake cicar that substances(such as alcohol and tobacco)can be ju
12、si as harmfully misused asheroin and 8cainc).此句中,主语是The phrase,之后的substance abuse”是其同位语;谓语是is used:后面接有instead of.和to make clear.两个状语,其中的不定式目的状语tomake clear后又承接了一个that引导的名词从句,作make clear的宾语(即宾语从句),在此宾语从句里括号部分such as又作了 substances的后置定语,故宾语从句的主干可简写作:that substances.can be as harmfully misused as heroi
13、n and cocaine此外,此句亦应关注as.a s比较结构的使用第二个as引导比较状语从句,为避免重复,heroin and cocaine后省略了 can be misused,理解时须加以留意.【知识链接】substance物质,特殊类的物质.abuse(ab偏离+use使用)滥用,虐待idrug药品,毒品,麻醉药;alcohol酒精;tobacco烟草,misusc(mis-错 误+use使用)偌用,滥用;heroin海洛因;cocaine可卡因jmake clear that.弄清楚,确保。,;随 叩a n酬w零 翻 舅.,3:It was necessary to recogn
14、ize that these institutions which are based on the samepremises*let us say the supernatural,must be considered together,our own among the rest.翻译演练 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _r参考译文?必须认识到,这些建立在相同前提基础
15、上的信仰风俗(比方说超自然的东西),必须放在一起加以考虑.我们自己的风俗和其他民族的风俗都在其中.【结构分析】It was necessary to recognize/that these institutions(which are basedon the same premises),(let us say the supernatural)9 must be considered together,our ownamong the rest.第 一 段 是 句 子 的 主 干,其 中,i t是 形 式 主 语,J I正 的 主 语 是 不 定 式torecognize.,而第二段中th
16、at引导的名词性从句是动词recognize的宾语(即宾语从句),在此从句里:these institutions 是主语.must be considered together 是调语部分,our own amongthe rest是 独 立 主 格 结 构 作 伴 随 状 语,括 号 中 的which部 分 是 定 语 从 句 修 饰 前 面 的institutions,第二个括号里内容是插入语.(知识链接】recognize认出,承认;institution机构,侑仰,制度i be based on基于,建立在 的基础上;premise前提;let us say比如说;supernatu
17、ral超自然的;the rest剩余的(人或物人4 The young couple was worried because neither of them was aware of where they hadlost the necklace.R参考译文)这对年轻夫妇很焦虑,因为他们两个都不知道把项链丢在哪了 一 不 1 n d jj分析力 The young couple was worried/because neither of them was aware ofwhere they had losthe necklace.此句主干是第一段的主系表结构第二段是because引导的原因
18、状语从句,在此从句中:neither of them是从句的主语,was aware of是调语部分,商线部分 是where引导的名词性从句作介词of的宾语(即宾语从句)。J知识链接】couple夫妇;be aware of意识到,知道;necklace项锌题型:宾语从句翻译演练5.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was nothing but a puma,butwhere had it come from?国朝译演练、:参考洋文2专家们现在完全相信那只动物就是美洲狮,但它究竟是从哪儿来的呢?i 绘沟分析I The e
19、xperts were now fully convinced that the animal was nothing but apuma,/but where had it come from?此句是but连接两个分句组成的并列句,第一个分句中:主语是The experts,谓语是were,表语是convinced,后面画线的that从句是名词性从句作形 容 词convinced的 宾 语,即形 容 词convinced的 宾 语 从 句.类 似 结 构 还 有:be surethat./be afraid that./be confident that.等.:;知 识 链 接 彳be fu
20、lly convinced that.完全相信;nothing but只是,就是;puma美洲狮.6.snvan J宣 母 蹦 阳IMore generally,the escape clauses could undermine the reforms by encouraging thesuspicion that the new package will not deliver the changes that its supporters claim*butclose analysis of what is inevitably a very complicated package m
21、ight confirm the skepticsfears.工 雌 演 练 工 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _i.参考译文2更广泛来讲,例外条款会激起人们的怀疑使他们认为新计划不会带来其支持者所宣称的改变由此,例外条歙会给改革带来破坏.但是对于一项不可避免而又相当复杂计划的仔细分析或许会证实怀疑者的疑虑。(结 构 分 析7 M o r e g e n e
22、r a l l y,t h e e s c a p e c l a u s e s c o u l d u n d e r m i n e t h e r e f o r m s (b ye n c o u r a g i n g t h e s u s p i c i o n)(t h a t t h e n e w p a c k a g e w i l l n o t d e l i v e r t h e c h a n g e s)(t h a t i t ss u p p o r t e r s c l a i m)/b u t c l o s e a n a l y s i s
23、(o f what i s i n e v i t a b l y a v e r y c o m p l i c a t e d p a c k a g e)m i g h t c o n f i r m t h e s k e p t i c s f e a r s,整体来讲,此句是由并列连词b u t连接的一个并列句;前面的分句较友杂:主语是t h e e s c a p e c l a u s e s,谓语是c o u l d u n d e r m i n e,宾语是t h e r e f o r m s,括号中b y e n c o u r a g i n g.是方式状语修饰动词u
24、 n d e r m i n e,我示其方式,而在此状语中,s u s p i c i o n后 的t h a t引导同位语从句对s u s p i c i o n内容进行解释,而在此同位语从句里,c h a n g e s后的t h a t引导定语从句修饰先行词c h a n g e s;在第二段的并列分句中,主语是a n a l y s i s,谓语是m i g h t c o n f i r m,宾 语 是f e a r s,但此处的括号部分应给予关注,本质上是介词o f+(w h a t名词从句)构成的一个特殊的介词短语,作a n a l y s i s的后置定语,所以此处的w h a
25、 t从句在本质上是介词o f的宾语从句.K知识链接工g e n e r a l l y总的,广泛地,普遍地;e s c a p e逃跑,例外(指合同条款时以c l a u s e(合同等的)条款;u n d e r m i n e暗中破坏;s u s p i c i o n怀疑;p a c k a g e包裹,一揽子交易;d e l i v e r递送,发表(演说等),c l a i m声称;c l o s e(此处意为)仔细的,i n e v i t a b l y不可避免地;c o m p l i c a t e d复杂的;c o n f i r m证实,批准,s k e p t i c怀
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