专攻阅读理解新闻报道类20篇-2023年高考英语阅读理解满分攻略+名校模拟专项训练 解析版.pdf

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1、2023年高考英语阅读理解满分攻略+名校模拟专项训练专题06专攻阅读理解新闻报道类20篇 解析版01（2023 秋江苏苏州,高三常熟期末）People living in some northern Italian towns face fines for wasting water asmayors ralion（定量供应）supplies amid a severe drought.Italy has had one of its driest winters in the last 65 years,with rainfall 80%lower than the seasonal ave

2、rage.Thesituation has been more acute in northern regions,where some areas have been deprived（录夺）of significant rainfall forthree months or more.The Po,the countys longest river,is at its lowest level recorded in winter since 1972.Mayors of towns in regions including Piedmont,Liguria,Lombardy and Tr

3、entino have introduced water-rationingmeasures,ranging from fountains being switched off and nightly restrictions on tap water to bans on using water forgardens and allotments（小块菜地）,for washing cars and filling swimming pools.I dont ever recall a situation of this kind in winter.We havent had any ra

4、in since 8 December,“said FrancescoPietrasanta,the mayor of Quarona,a town in Piedmont.C 4The rule is to only use water for real necessity,such as forhygiene（卫生）or food reasons.The winter drought followed an intense,protected heatwave across Italy last summer.In August,Siracusa in Sicilyis believed

5、to have broken the European record for the highest temperature when it recorded a figure of 48.8.Snowfallhas also been below average this winter.Scientists have long predicted that the climate crisis and global heating wouldlead to more frequent extreme weather.Rain is forecast in the north and the

6、rest of Italy from Wednesday,although Pietrasanta said it would need to besignificant to resolve the water shortage.uuWe might get some rain on Friday but Im not sure it will be enough,he said.“This situation ought to make us think about changing policy to manage water in a different way,especially

7、with climatechange.1.Why are the statistics listed in paragraph 2?A.To stress the severity of drought.B.To show climate differences in regions.C.To present the consequence of low temperature.D.To discuss the possibility of rainfall2.Which of the following actions will be fined?A.Turning off foundati

8、ons.B.Swimming in public pools.C.Watering gardens in the morning.D.Using modest tap water at night.3.What may lead to the winter drought according to paragraph 5?A.The ongoing climate change.B.The heatwave last summer.C.The absence of snowfoll.D.The overconsumption of water.4.What can we infer from

9、Pietrasanta words in the last paragraph?A.Similar situations have appeared before in northern ItalyB.Measures should be adopted to tackle water shortageC.The coming rain will be sufficient to solve problemsD.Proper policies have been put in place since the crisis1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了意大利北部

10、地区今冬降雨量减少，多地出台限水措施。1.推理判断题。根据第二段“Italy has had one of its driest winters in the last 65 years,with rainfall 80%lowerthan the seasonal average.The situation has been more acute in northern regions,where some areas have beendeprived（剥夺）of significant rainfall for three months or more.The Po,the county

11、s longest river,is at its lowestlevel recorded in winter since 1972.（意大利经历了过去65年来最干燥的一个冬天，降雨量比季节平均水平低80%。北部地区的情况更为严重，一些地区已经三个月或更长时间没有大量降雨。波河是该县最长的河流，目前处于1972年以来冬季的最低水位）”可推知，段中列举各项数据是为了强调干旱的严重性。故选A 项。2.细节理解题。根据第一段中“People living in some northern Italian towns face fines for wasting water as mayorsrat

12、ion（定量供应）supplies amid a severe drought.（意大利北部一些城镇的居民因浪费水而面临罚款，市长们在严重干旱期间定量供应水）”和第三段Mayors of towns in regions including Piedmont,Liguria,Lombardy andTrentino have introduced water-rationing measures,ranging from fountains being switched off and nightlyrestrictions on tap water to bans on using wate

13、r for gardens and allotments（小块菜地），for washing cars andfniing swimming pools.彼埃蒙特、利古里亚、伦巴第和特伦蒂诺等地区的市长已经采取了限水措施，包括关闭喷泉、限制夜间自来水供应，以及禁止将水用于花园和菜园、洗车和游泳池）”可知，早上给花园浇水会被罚款。故选C 项。3.推理判断题。根据第五段中“The winter drought followed an intense,protected heatwave across Italy lastsummer.In August,Siracusa in Sicily is

14、believed to have broken the European record for the highest temperaturewhen it recorded a figure of 48.8.Snowfall has also been below average this winter.Scientists have longpredicted that the climate crisis and global heating would lead to more frequent extreme weather.（去年夏天，意大利遭遇了一场受保护的强烈热浪，随后出现了冬

15、季干旱。今 年 8 月，西西里岛的锡拉库萨被认为打破了欧洲最高气温记录，当时记录的温度为48.8。今年冬天的降雪量也低于平均水平。科学家们早就预测，气候危机和全球变暖将导致极端天气更加频繁）”可推知，导致冬季干旱的原因是持续的气候变化。故选A 项。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中We might get some rain on Friday but Im not sure it will be enough,5 he said.答案第2 页，共 42 页This situation ought to make us think about changing policy to manage w

16、ater in a different way,especially withclimate change（他说：“周五可能会下雨，但我不确定是否足够。这种情况应该促使我们考虑改变政策，以一种不同的方式管理水资源，尤其是在气候变化的情况下。可推知，Pietrasanta认为降雨不足，还需要采取措施解决水资源短缺问题。故选B 项。02（2022上海松江统考一模）Alain Aspect,a French physicist,who won a long-expected Nobel Physics Prize onTuesday（October 4,2022）,contributed a lot

17、 in proving the theory of quantum entanglement（量子缠绕），a theory famously raised by Albert Einstein that when a particle（粒子）is split into two,the properties of the two new particlesremain connected,as if by an invisible piece of string,regardless of how far apart they are.It remained a theory untilAspe

18、ct and his team proved it in a laboratory experiment for the first time in 1981,involving two photons（光子）at adistance of 12 meters.Quantum strangeness has fascinated Aspect as a physicist.Awarded along with Austrian physicist Anton Zeilingerand John Clauser from the United States,Aspect emphasised t

19、he importance of international scientific cooperation.Heis one of those professors in physics.A whole community today works under his leadership,said Retailleau,a formerpresident of Paris-Saclay University.4Aspect is also a tireless teacher5 who gives impressive lectures,she added.Hisformer student

20、Olivier Reymond,who is now working on developing a quantum processor,said,44As well as passing hispassion for physics on to his students,Aspect is also a food lover who will tell you all about his recipes for the gooseliver.Alain Aspect is widely recognized for his experimental test of BelPs inequal

21、ities,proposed by the late John Bell in1964,and the related tests require measurements to be made on photons moving apart in opposite directions to look forconnections between some of their physical properties,for instance,their polarizations.Aspects major contribution wasto propose a feasible exper

22、imental scheme to make these measurements by rapidly changing the orientation of polarizerswhile photons moved through the device,and even more importantly,to implement it successfully in his experiments.Sheila Rowan,president of the Institute of Physics which publishes Physics World,congratulated t

23、he team on their“wen-deserved“recognition.This is an area of physics with ongoing,profound impact,at a fundamental level to helpunderstand the world around us and being explored for use in highly novel technologies for sensing and communicationtoday,“she added.Indeed,Aspects experiments have attract

24、ed enormous attention and triggered a string of theoretical andexperimental work on quantum entanglement.As a result,new avenues have been explored in quantum computers,which in principle could outperform traditional computers at some tasks.We are generating more data now than everbefore,need to ana

25、lyse that data in more complex ways,and get results out faster.Quantum computing could help us tofind new properties in the production of new materials for everyday use and it could also reduce power consumptionwithin the manufacturing process.With quantum computing,research can be moved from the la

26、b onto the computerwhere multiple imitations can be run while stretching your companies research and development budget further.5.According to paragraph 2,Aspect is as well as a physicist.A.a tiresome professor B.an inspiring teacherC.a cross-cultural food lover D.an empathetic community leader6.It

27、can be concluded about Aspecfs experiment t hat.A.few people can comprehend its complicated processB.interpersonal communication is promoted because of itC.it was conducted successfully decades before Aspect won the Nobel PrizeD.Sheila Rowan played quite an important role in the publication of the r

28、esult7.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Aspect deserves the Prize for theoretical contributions to computing.B.The teams findings will bring about changes both in science and daily life.C.Aspect is working as the president in Paris-Saclay University fbr the moment.D.The teams main contributio

29、n is the finding of practical methods in experimenting.8.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A.Fruitful Joint Efforts in Popular ScienceB.Alain Aspect A Theoretical PhysicistC.Nobel Prize For Experimental PurposeD.Ground-breaking Achievement in Physics5 B 6 C 7 B 8.D【导语】这是一

30、篇新闻报道。文章报道了法国物理学家Alain Aspect在物理界做出了巨大的贡献，于周二（2022年 10月 4 日）获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。5.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aspect is also a tireless teacher who gives impressive lectures.（Aspect 也是一位 不知疲倦的老师，讲课令人印象深刻。）以及As well as passing his passion for physics on to his students,Aspectis also a food lover who will tell you all about

31、his recipes for the goose liver.（Aspect 不仅把他对物理的热情传递给了他的学生，他还是一个美食爱好者，他会告诉你他做鹅肝的所有食谱。）”可知，Aspect是一位鼓舞人心的老师。故选B 项。6.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Alain Aspect is widely recognized for his experimental test of Bells inequalities,答案第4 页，共 42页proposed by the late John Bell in 1964,and the related tests require measureme

32、nts to be made on photons movingapart in opposite directions to look for connections between some of their physical properties,for instance,theirpolarizations.（Alain Aspect因其贝尔不等式的实验测试而被广泛认可，该测试由已故的John Bell在 1964年提出，相关测试需要对向相反方向分开的光子进行测量，以寻找它们的一些物理性质之间的联系，例如它们的偏振。）”可知，在 Aspect获得诺贝尔奖的几十年前，这项实验就已经被成功

33、地引导了。故 选 C 项。7.推理判断题。根据第四段中“This is an area of physics with ongoing,profound impact,at a fundamental level tohelp understand the world around us and being explored for use in highly novel technologies for sensing andcommunication today（这是一个具有持续深刻影响的物理学领域，在基本层面上帮助我们理解周围的世界，并被探索用于当今高度新颖的传感和通信技术。产以及第五段

34、等内容可知，该团队的发现将给科学和日常生活带来改变。故选B 项。8.主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Alain Aspect,a French physicist,who won a long-expected NobelPhysics Prize on Tuesday（October 4,2022）,contributed a lot in proving the theory of quantum entanglement（量子缠绕），a theory famously raised by Albert Einstein that when a particle（粒子）is split

35、 into two,theproperties of the two new particles remain connected,as if by an invisible piece of string,regardless of how farapart they are.（法国物理学家Alain Aspect于本周二）22年 10月 4 日）获得了期待已久的诺贝尔物理学奖，他在证明量子缠绕理论方面做出了巨大贡献，该理论由Albert Einstein提出，即当一个粒子被分裂成两个时，两个新粒子的性质保持联系，就像一根看不见的绳子一样，无论它们相隔多远。）”可知，本文主要介绍了法国物理学

36、家Alain Aspect在物理界做出了巨大的贡献。选 项 D 符合文章主题，适合做标题。故选D 项。03（2023安徽马鞍山统考一模）Imagine driving down a 10-lane highway and knowing that,high above your head,a mountain lion is quietly going along its way.This remarkable image could soon be the reality for drivers on one ofCalifornia busiest roads,as the worlds

37、largest wildlife overpass（天桥）begins construction in April.The history-making project will comprise a green bridge built across the 101 highway near Los Angeles,creating apassage between two parts of the Santa Monica Mountains.The overpass will allow safe passage for lizards,snakes,mountain lions,etc

38、.with an acre of local plants on either side and vegetated sound walls to dampen light and noise fornight-time animals as they go across.The project,nearly a decade in the making,comes at a crucial time.Beth Pratt,a conservation leader with theNational Wildlife Federation,feels as if she is running

39、the last mile of a marathon.Pratt has spent most of the last decadeplanning the project,persuading transportation officials of its importance,and bringing donors to fund it.The project is breaking records in many ways:not only is it the largest crossing in the world,but its also anengineering wonder

40、.Robert Rock,a landscape architect who led the design,says this nature-centered type ofconstruction makes it unusual among other wildlife bridges and underpasses around the world,which are typically madeof cement（水泥）and steel.This one is designed to integrate into the environment on both sides and s

41、end a message tothe people driving below.About 300,000 cars pass through this area each day,and Pratt calls it an opportunity for millions of Angelenos tosee how humans can live more harmoniously with nature.Someone could be in rush-hour traffic,and there could be amountain lion right above them,“sh

42、e says.I think thats such a helpful image,and one that inspires me that we can rightsome of these great wrongs.9.Why is the overpass built?A.To attract visitors to watch the wildlife.B.To help animals cross over a highway.C.To bridge two mountains near Los Angeles.D.To allow more traffic during rush

43、 hours.10.What does Pratt think of the overpass project?A.It is a long journey.B.It comes a little late.C.It has little official support.D.It has brought economic benefits.11.What does the author try to stress about the overpass by mentioning Rock?A.It stands out among similar structures.B.It does h

44、arm to the local environment.C.It has got little attention from engineers.D.It has inspired constructions worldwide.12.What might Pratt expect of the overpass?A.Ifll transform the image of the state.B.Itll provide pleasant habitats for animals.C.Itll be a reminder for us to care about nature.D.Itll

45、create job opportunities for the local people.9.B 10.A 11.A 12.C【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了世界上最大的野生动物立交桥开始建造，文章中介绍了起因，它的设计，以及它的意义。答案第6 页，共 42页9.细节理解题。根据第二段中“The history-making project will comprise a green bridge built across the 101highway near Los Angeles,creating a passage between two parts of the Santa

46、Monica Mountains.The overpasswill allow safe passage for lizards,snakes,mountain lions,etc.with an acre of local plants on either side andvegetated sound walls to dampen light and noise for night-time animals as they go across.（这个创造历史的项目将包括一座横跨洛杉矶附近101高速公路的绿桥，在圣莫尼卡山脉的两个部分之间建立通道。立交桥将为蜥蜴、蛇、美洲狮等提供安全通道，

47、两侧有一英亩的当地植物，并有植物隔音墙，以减少夜间动物通过时的光线和噪音）”可知，建这个立交桥的目的是帮助动物过高速公路。故 选 B 项。10.推理判断题。根据第三段中“The project,nearly a decade in the making,comes at a crucial time.Beth Pratt,a conservation leader with the National Wildlife Federation,feels as if she is running the last mile of amarathon.Pratt has spent most of

48、the last decade planning the project,persuading transportation officials of itsimportance,and bringing donors to fund it.（这个项目酝酿了近十年，现在恰逢关键时刻。美国国家野生动物联合会（National Wildlife Federation）的保护负责人贝丝普拉特（Beth Pratt）觉得自己好像在跑马拉松的最后一英里。普惠在过去十年的大部分时间里都在规划这个项目，说服交通官员它的重要性，并吸引捐助者为其提供资金）”可知，普拉特为这个项目努力了十年，像跑马拉松一样，是一

49、个漫长的旅程。故 选 A 项。11.推理判断题。根据第四段中“The project is breaking records in many ways:not only is it the largest crossing inthe world,but its also an engineering wonder.Robert Rock,a landscape architect who led the design,says thisnature-centered type of construction makes it unusual among other wildlife brid

50、ges and underpasses around theworld,which are typically made of cement and steel.（该项目在许多方面都打破了记录：它不仅是世界上最大的十字路口，而且还是一个工程奇迹。主导设计的景观建筑师罗伯特洛克（Robert Rock）说，这种以自然为中心的建筑类型，与世界上其他通常由水泥和钢铁建造的野生动物桥梁和地下通道不同）”可知，作者提到洛克，是想强调立交桥的设计在众多相似的建筑物中是突出的。故选A 项。12.推理判断题。根据最后一段About 300,000 cars pass through this area eac