中考英语--阅读理解之推断题讲义设计.pdf

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1、阅读理解-推理判断题【错题回顾】错题一.Are You Right Handed or Left Handed?Which hand do you use when write?About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed.They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people.So it is difficultfor left-handers to use most tools.If you are right handed,try this experi

2、ment:Take aknife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces.Dont be surprised if youfeel awkward（别扭的）.In the past,people thought it was strange to use the left hand.Young students lookeddown upon their left-handed classmates.Some children were even punished for usingtheir left hand to

3、write.But these days parents and teachers have accepted that.In almostevery school in the world,left-handed students can use their left hand to write.What causes people to be left handed or right handed?Experts have searched longand hard on this.They conclude（得出结论）that left-handed people are left ha

4、nded forthe same reason that right-handed people are right handed.One out of every ten peoplejust is a left-handed people are right handed.One out of every ten people just is aleft-hander.Its simply like the color of our eyes-some people have brown eyes,whilesome others have black eyes.However,may r

5、esearchers think that left-handers and right-handers are different insome aspects.Right-handers are more talkative and outgoing than left-handers.Manyright-handed people understand spoken words better.For example,after they listen todirections to a supermarket,they can find it easily.Right-handers a

6、re good at organizingpeople,too.They are also better basketball guards.Just ask Yao Ming.Research shows that left-handers are creative and artistic.Many famous performers,like Jim Carrey and Paul McCartney,are left handed.Many left-handers learn bettervisually（在视觉方面）.In art,both Leonardo da Vinci an

7、d Michelangelo were lefthanded.In music,Ludwig van Beethoven was left handed.In science,you find Newtonand Einstein.The left-handed people are also really good at tennis and other singlesports.If you prefer one hand,but you are still good at writing with the other,you aremixed.Research shows mixed-h

8、anders can remember everyday things better than otherpeople.What did you eat for lunch two weeks ago?If youre mixed handed,you canprobably remember.52.From the passage,we can learn that left-handers.A.may be more talkative and outgoingB.are ordinary people like right-handersC.might remember everyday

9、 things betterD.no longer need to use right-handed tools学生解答：52.D正确答案：52.B解析：全文并没有明确的信息判断。讲述善用左手，或右手及双手的人在someaspects上的不同。A选项与文中信息相反，C 选项应是mixed handed的判断，D选项无论属于无中生有的信息，故选B o错题二.Should Children Be Allowed to Get Bored?Children need time to stand and stare.They should be allowed to get bored to that

10、they can develop their ability to be creative.Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time.However,research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination,while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.Boredom is often linked with lonel

11、iness,but a writer named Meera Syal saidboredom had helped here in developing her mind.She told researchers about herchildhood.Having few things to do,Syal often talked with her neighbors.She also triedto do things like learning to bake cakes.But importantly,I Thought and wrote a lot,because I was b

12、ored,“Syal said.She kept a diary,filling here time with short stories andpoems she made up.Grayson Perry,an artist,grew up in a family with little money.He enjoyed himselfby making up stories,drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in thelibrary.Bored but free,he spent hours looking

13、out of the window,watching the changingclouds and seasons.Perry filled up his free time with what he liked.He became creative,because he could think freely.Dr.Belton is an expert on the effects of emotions on learning.Boredom could bean uncomfortable feeling/9 she said.But some young people cannot d

14、eal with thatboredom creatively.So sometimes they may break a classroom window,or drive a carout for a mad race.”Usually,when children have nothing to do,they would turn on the TV,the computer,or the phone.Their time on these things has increased,yet they need to have time tothink about their experi

15、ences through play or just watching the world around them.It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination.On the other hand,the TVor phone may cut short the thinking process.That can be harmful to the development ofcreativity.For developing the ability to be creative/9 Dr.Belton advised

16、,perhaps weneed to stand and stare,and stay off-line from time to55.What can we learn from the passage?A.Boredom provides children with space to think freely.B.Its much better fbr children to be busy than be bored.C.Boredom helps children deal with difficulties properly.D.Its boring fbr children to

17、think about their experiences.学生解答：55.B正确答案：55.A解析：A：作者通过论述和事例，详细向读者阐明boredom的好处 对于创作的重要意义，此选项正确。B：文章第二段已经说明，时刻处于忙碌状态，没有任何时间去思考，实际上会阻碍想象、创作，此选项错误。C：文章并没有此观点，此选项错误。D：文章倒数第二段最后一句话说，花时间去思考他们的经历是有必要的，而不是无聊的，此选项错误。错题三.New Technology Revolutionizes（变革）LearningMore and more people believe that technologies

18、 are great for learning.Today,suchteaching tools as iPads are used in a lot of courses,including language,history andscience.Many teachers are supporters of using iPads in language learning.They say thatstudents now have much more time for discussion in the classroom.Instead of spendingvaluable clas

19、s time listening to texts or watching teaching videos,students can do this ontheir own and come to class prepared for discussion.The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own nace.Some students might listen to a dialogue only once and understandrit,so theycan save time for do

20、ing other things.Other students,however,might need tolisten to the same dialogue again and again to understand it.Using iPads isespecially helpful to students who are learning a language at different paces.The students who are using the new tool in some courses are also happy.Theybelieve that using

21、iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn(such as listening to stories andwatching movies).The class has become much more interesting and creative.There are other advantages for students.By using iPads,they can pay moreattention to the material and learn more.Teaching notes are stored in their iPads an

22、d areeasy to find.Some students spend more time studying now.I can listen to mylanguage material or watch teaching videos on the bus,instead of having to wait until Iget home,“a student explained.Many adults complain that technologies such as iPads are doing harm to students.They worry that students

23、 might use iPads to download teaching notes and use them tocheat during exams.Some believe that iPads may separate students from each other.If astudent spends more time watching videos on an iPad,he will have fewer opportunitiesto have face-to-face communication with others.However,technologies are

24、already a part of most students day-to-day lives.As forcheating,teachers can ask students to hand in their iPads when they take exams.Education needs to make changes with the times as technology is playing an importantpart.We should look forward to a wonderful future when iPads and other technologie

25、scan add a lot to the classroom.55.The writer probably agrees t h a t.A.teachers can take control of students9 learningB.exam results depend a lot on now technologyC.technology in education has a bright futureD.note-taking is as helpful as video-watching学生解答：55.A正确答案：55.C解析：根据短文最后一段 We should look f

26、orward to a wonderful future when iPadsand other technologies can add a lot to the classroom.可知作者认为 iPads 及其他的技术在教育中将有光明的前景。故选C。错题四.The right name is important in the business world.All you have to do is think of thenames fbr some of the products you buy every day and youll agree that the name andth

27、e product are connected in the everyones mind.In many countries,successful trade or brand names are protected by law.This is sothat other companies cannot make a product and,in fact,be buying something different.Businesses register a company or a product name with the government.In fact,morethan 1,0

28、00 product and company names are registered every hour.Many companiesspend a lot of money to find the right name for their products.A good example of this is.In the car industry.Some successful names for cars have powerful associations（联系）.The Ford Mustang and the Jaguar are only two examples of cho

29、osing the names ofanimals that are fast and strong.When a U.S company decides to sell its product in another country,it has to makesure that the product name translates properly.When Coca-Cola introduced its soft drinkto China,it looked for the right name.It wanted a name that would do two things.On

30、ewas to present its image（形象）in Chinese and the second was to be close to its firstbrand nameCoke.It took some efforts before finding the right word which soundssimilar and translates as happiness in the mouth.Asian company names are not new tothe United States.The brand names of Samsung and Sony ha

31、ve been successful.Findingthe right brand name is a big business.Asian companies that sell to foreign markets payto find a name that will connect with its customers.There are even naming companiesthat specialize in inventing product names.These companies can charge（要价）up to$100,000 a word for their

32、creations.But its worth it.Successful companies know howimportant the right brand names are for their development.54.What can we learn from the passage?A.Many companies care about the cost of finding the right namesB.Creative trade names can help companies to have a larger saleC.The government often

33、 does business with naming companiesD.It is considered necessary for cars to be names after animals学生解答：54.A正确答案：54.B解析：根据文章第一段第一句话 The right name is important in the business world.和最后一段的最后两句话 These companies can charge（要价）up to$100,000 a wordfor their creations.But its worth it.Successful companie

34、s know how important the rightbrand names are for their development.我们可以知道，好的品牌名字对公司来说很重要，而且很多公司愿意花高价来买个好的品牌名字，以此来促进商业发展所以，A 选项错误，B 选项正确。错题五.Many textbooks are not written in the kind of English that we speak every day.Infact,sometimes the reading is so difficult that it almost seems like a foreign

35、language.Ina way,it is一the language of science.You should not expect to be able to read a difficultscience passage the same way you read an interesting story;you should not expect toread it easily and all at once.Instead,you may have to read it several times through,catching on the meaning of diffic

36、ult words,going back over difficult sentences,andfinally putting the whole thing together.Do not be discourages if the whole passagedont make sense to you at first.You need to pick it apart patiently until you canunderstand it.These are the steps to follow when you are reading something difficult:1.

37、Start to read normally until you run into a sentence that doesnt make sense toyou.2.When a sentence doesnt make sense,go back and read it again more slowly.3.Look for any word you dont know in the sentence.Try to understand theirmeanings using word parts and context clues（上下文线索）.If necessary,lookthe

38、m up in the dictionary.4.Look at the next few sentences to see if they explain more about the sentenceyou are working on.Do not read very much farther ahead until you understandwhat is being said.5.Finally,read the sentence again.Try to put it into simpler words.6.Read through the passage once.Try t

39、o understand all the hard parts well.Thenread the whole passage once more at a usual speed.This helps you to put all idestogether.The stops sound a lot harder than they are.It is really just the normal way goodreaders understand anything that is difficult to read.After you have done the best youcan

40、this way,you should always feel free to ask for help from your teacher,if you haveone.55.From the passage,we can know.A.we should look up new words before readingB.it is sometimes difficult to read a science passageC.the six steps are helpful in learning spoken EnglishD.interesting stories help read

41、ers to improve their English学生解答：55.A正确答案：55.B解析：根据第一段中 In fact,sometimes the reading is so difficult that it almost seemslike a foreign language.In a way,it is-the language of science.You should notexpect to be able to read a difficult science passage the same way you read aninteresting story.可知，有时

42、候阅读一篇科学文章很难。所以，选项B 正确；又根据文中第 3 步 Try to understand their meanings using word parts andcontext clues（上下文线索）.If necessary,look them up in the dictionary.可知,没必要每一个新单词在阅读之前都要查字典。所以，A 选项错误。【知识点精讲】一.考情分析:阅读理解中的推理判断这类题要求考生通过阅读能根据上下文获取文章的具体信息并且进行简单的推理和判断。二.命题趋势:从近五年中考题来看，C、D篇阅读理解比A、B篇文章篇幅长、难度大，推理判断这种题型一般出现在

43、C、D这两篇阅读理解中，要求考生从整体上把握全文的思想脉络，并进行归纳总结和推理判断。三.解题技巧：1.抓住特定关键信息，进行正向或逆向推理。2.利用作者的思想感情进行推断。3.根据上下文的逻辑关系得出结论。4.结合常识进行推断【典型例题及相似题练习】练习一k Buying Is Doing?How important is shopping to you?How much time do you spend buying things?And how much time do you spend organizing these things in your home?In the futu

44、re,how much time will you spend in movie theaters,at amusement parks,at shopping malls,or at convenience stores?When you add it all up,you will probably see you spend a lotof your life consuming（消费）things.Consuming products is not necessarily bad.However,if we spend too much time doing it,we should

45、look at it carefully.Imagine that you have a week off from school.You dont have to go to class.However,in this week,you cannot spend any money-no shopping,no movies,noeating out.How would you spend your time?What things would bring you happiness?Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend.Pe

46、rhaps you would help a childread.Or you might spend time with your family.When we look back,it is likely that non-consuming experiences like these will beour most important memories.Why?Non-consuming activities are active,not passive.They dont come in a package.You make the experience yourself.For e

47、xample,eachperson who reads to a child will have a different experience.The experience changeswith the reader,the child,and the book.Similarly,when you have a conversation with afriend,you are actively creating an experience.The conversation that you have withyour friend cannot be experienced or rec

48、reated by anyone else.However,if you watcha movie with a friend,you will each have a package experience.It requires no action andlittle interaction between the two of you.The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences.We feelthat we must consume because we believe that buying

49、is doing.However,we can starta personal revolution（变革）against consumerism.How?By consuming less.Wecan ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction.Then we canorganize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.50.According to the passage,the writer believes tha

50、t.A.we can say no to consumerism by consuming lessB.buying things can bring us the greatest satisfactionC.the environment seldom influences our shopping choicesD.consuming experiences will be our most important memories51.What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?A.To introduce some w