中考英语阅读理解练习篇（附详解）40实例分析.pdf

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1、做阅读理解的五点注意一、五点注意注意一：试题各小题所提供的四个备选项，有的是语法、结构上有错误，有的是与短文意思不相符。解题时要把有结构、语法错误的先排除，再考虑是否符合短文内容。注意二：对短文中的生词或看不懂的句子，应大胆根据构词法及上、下文意思进行猜测,尤其对涉及文中某个词或某个句子含义的选择试题，要根据文章所阐述的主要内容及上、下文内在逻辑关系，大胆分析推断，去伪存真选出正确答案。注意三：对于涉及文章主旨、大意、作者意图及短文标题等选择试题，虽然短文中没有直接说明，可统观全文，通过短文所提供的材料或联想短文材料以外的常识，如结合已学过的自然、社会科学知识加以综合理解、分析推测或按作者的思

2、路进行推理，从而且推断出正确答案。注意四：做 选 择试题时般先做在文中能直接找到依据的细节题，后做主旨题、推理题。这样在对语篇有更多领悟的基础上再进行推理判断和概括总结，把握性就更大。注意五：阅读的顺序一般是先读短文，再看题目，然后逐题作答。若文章较长，也可以先将测试题目通览遍，然后带着问题阅读文章。这样对与答题有关的段落、句子反应敏感,而对其他与答题无关的部分可以不必花费太多时间，阅读速度就可加快些。二、实例分析(共五篇，答案均有解析)(A)Henry was an office worker in a big city.He worked very hard and enjoyed tra

3、veling in his holidays.He usually went to the seaside,but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper.”Enjoy country life.Spend a few weeks al West Hill Farm.Good food.Fresh air.Horse riding.Walking.Fishing.Cheap and interesting.”“This sounds a good idea,he thought.Ill spend a month at West Hill

4、 Farm.I think I can enjoy horse riding,walking and fishing.Theyll make a change from sitting by the seaside and swimming.”He wrote to the fanner.In the letter he said that he would like to spend all of Julythere.Then on the first of July,he left for West Hill Farm.But four days later,he returned hom

5、e.“What was wrong with West Hill Farm?”his best friend,Ed,asked him.Didnt youenjoy country“Country life was very good,Henry said.But there was another problem.“Oh.What?”“WeH,he said,“the first day I was there a sheep died,and we had roast mutton for dinner.Whats wrong with that?”Ed asked.4Fresh meat

6、 is the best.“I know,but on the second day a cow died,and we had roast beef for dinner.“Lucky you!”44You dont understand,Henry said,“on the third day a pig died and we had roastpork for dinner.,“A different meat every day,“Ed said loudly,“and you are complaining!“Let me finish,Henry said.4ton the fo

7、urth day the farmer died,and I didnt dare（敢）stay for dinner!L How did Henry find out about the farm?A.He saw it in a newspaper advertisement.B.His best friend told him.C.He wrote to the farmer.D.Maybe he learned it from the radio.2.Henry came back home several days later because.A.he didnt like the

8、country life at allB.the farmer wasnt friendly to himC.his holiday was overD.he thought he might have to eat the farmer3.“.and you are complaining!M,the word“complain”means.A.夸奖 B.说三道四 C.抱怨 D.故弄玄虚4.Which of the following sentences is true?A.Ed could eat a different kind of meat every day.B.Henry tho

9、ught he could enjoy a change.C.Henry couldnt think of anything else to do,so he went to the farm.D.The farmer died because of the bad meat he ate.5.Which is the best title for the passage?A.What a beautiful farm!B.Have a good time.C.A short holiday D.Henry and the farmer.(B)Paragraph 1Scientists hav

10、e learned a lot about the kinds of people need.They say that there areseveral kinds of food that people should eat every day,they are:(1)green and yellow vegetables of all kinds;(2)citrus(村片吉)fruits and tomatoes;(3)potatoes and other fruits and vegetables;94)meat of all kinds,fish and eggs;(5)milk a

11、nd foods made from milk;(6)bread or cereal(谷类),rice is also in this kind of food;(7)butter,or something likebutter.Paragraph 2People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things.Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways.People in different c

12、ountries eat at different times of the day.In some places people eat once or twice a day;in other countries people eat three or four times a day.Scientists say that none of the differences is really important.It doesnt matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked,canned(罐装的)or frozen(冷冻的).It doesnt

13、matter if a person eats dinner at 4 oclock in the afternoon or at eleven oclock at night.The important thing is what you eat everyday.Paragraph 3There are two problems,then,in feeding the large number of people on the earth.The first is to find some way to feed the worlds population so that no one i

14、s hungry.The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.6.According to(依据)the scientists,which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?A.Chicken,apples,cereal and cabbages.B.Potatoes,carrots,rice and

15、bread.C.Oranges,bananas,fish and tomatoes.D.Beef,pork,fish and milk,7.It is important for people to eat.A.three times a dayB.dinner at twelve oclockC.cooked food all the timeD.something from each of the seven kinds of food every day8.People in different countries and different places of the world.A.

16、have the right kinds of food to eatB.cook their food in the same wayC.have their meals at the same timeD.eat food in different ways9.Which of the following is not true?A.People in some places dont have enough to eat.B.There are too many people in the world.C.One of the problems is that no one is hun

17、gry.D.The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy.10.If there is Paragraph（段落）4,what do you think is going to be talked about?A.When people eat their lunch.B.What to do with the two problems.C.How to cook food in different ways.D.Why people eat different kinds of food.（C）P

18、eople often say,Children cant do math problem,its because parents cant do theirchildrens homework.Heres an example to show what I mean.The other day my daughter brought home her math homework.I have to subtract（减）179 from 202,she said.Its quite easy,“I said.You put the 202 over the 179.”“But we need

19、 a 10 here.Where is the 10?”“I dont know where the 10 is.Lets just subtract 179 from 202.Nine from two is three.You carry one and add it to seven.Eight from zero is two.The answer is 23.”“We cant do it that way.We have to use the 10.5?“Well,Im going to call your teacher to see how she subtracts 179

20、from 202.”Over the telephone,I said that I was having a bit of trouble with the homework shehad given to my daughter.The teacher said,“In the right-hand column（栏）we have units of one.The two in that column counts for two ones.The zero in the center counts forzero tens.The two in the left-hand column

21、 counts for hundreds.Are you clear?But I didnt think I was clear.I hung up and found my way to the medicine box.My head was now hurting.I started putting pills of medicine into my mouth.How many did you take?”my wife asked.“I took one and then I took another.!know one and one was two,but dont ask me

22、 what it is now.”11.The daughter wanted _ the other day.A.to give her father a lessonB.to show how difficult math wasC.her father to phone her teacherD.her father to help her with her homework12.Which of the following sentences is not true?A.The father had a different way to do the math problem.B.Th

23、e father couldnt do his daughters homework.C.The daughter couldnt understand her fathers way.D.The daughter had some trouble doing the math problem.13.From what the teacher said,we know that the word“units“means here.A.whole numbers less than 10 B.whole thingsC.groups of lessons D.the smallest numbe

24、rs14.What the teacher said made the f at her.A.angry B.worried C.sad D.tired15.Can you guess what would happen next in the story?A.The father would go to school and begin to learn math.B.The father would become very ill and have to take more medicine.C.The father would never do his daughters math pr

25、oblems again.D.The father would go to the school and fight with the teacher.【答案及解析】(A)假日里，亨利喜欢到海边去旅游。有一次，他想去西山农场享受一下田园风光，并计划在那儿度过一个月的时间。可是令人惊奇的是，才去四天之后他就回来了。当朋友问起其中的缘由时，亨利说道：第一天，农场里死了一只羊，晚餐时美美地吃了 顿烤羊肉；第二天农场死了一头牛，又吃了一顿烧牛肉；第三天农场死了 头猪，结果又吃了一顿烤猪肉。可是，到了第四天，农场主死了，我不敢再留下来吃饭了。1.A 第二段的首句”.but one year he saw

26、 an advertisement in a newspaper.”即是答案的出处。2.D o本题考查根据语境进行分析判断的能力。由上下文，显然可知这是报纸上的一则广告信息。3.C。本题考查通过上下文对词汇的推测能力。根据亨利的叙述可得出此答案。4.Bo 这由“A different meat every day,and you are complaining!一句可知。5.C o 本来打算要在乡村农场过一个暑假，结果四天之后就回来了。这能不是个短暂的假期吗？用此作标题既切合题意，又具有幽默的味道。(B)这篇短文分为三个落：第一段列举了科学家研究了人们每天要吃的食物；第二段讲述了不同国家的人们

27、饮食习惯和饮食结构等各方面有很大差异。但这些对人来说都没不是很重要的，重要的是每天吃什么。第三段阐述了两个问题：如何解决世界人口的吃饭问题，既要吃饱，又要吃得健康。6.A o 本题属表层理解题。由第段科学家建议七大类食品可知答案非A 莫属。7.Do 由“The important thing is what you eat every day.”及第一段的内容可知 D 是正确答案。而根据第二段可知A、B、C 皆为错误的。8.Do 第二段开头的People in different countries and different places of the world eat different

28、 kinds of things.Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways.”这两句是解答本题的关键。9.C o 根据第三段所讲的内容，C 项显然是错误的。10.Bo A、C 和 D 都是在上文刚刚谈论过的,又根据第三段“There are two problems,then,in feeding the large number of people on the earth.”所提的两个问题,可以推知下文可能要谈论如何解决这两个问题。故答案为B。（C）作者向我们讲述了很多人都可能遇到的一个问题：父母往往回答不上来小孩

29、子问的一些非常简单的数学问题。文中作者的女儿向他询问怎样计算202减 去 179这道题。结果，他的女儿不但弄不懂他的解释，而且他还无法解释清楚女儿提出的问题。他只好向女儿的老师求助，而自己被老师的解释搞得天昏脑胀11.D。细读第二段，再联系父女俩的谈话即可得出答案。12.B 根据“but I didnt think I was clear.以及I took one and then I took another.I know one and one was two,but dont ask me what it is now.”可知 B 项是错误的。13.A o根据短文内容，那位老师所说的“”

30、她的意思是说“个位上的数字是几就表示几个一”，当然应是小于1 的数。14.D。山“My head was now hurting.”这句话，可知“父亲”听了老师的解释后没有生气、焦虑或悲伤，而是头昏脑胀，疲惫之至。15.C o 选项A 是不现实的，而选项C、D 更是荒诞离奇。体会一下文末一段“父亲”的举动，就可以想起他是一种什么样的心情。短文改写填空型阅读理解实例分析一、实例训练Robert is fifteen now.Two and a half years ago he came to the city and began to study in a middle school.He s

31、tudies hard and gets on well with his classmates.And he often helps his friends with their lessons.But as he comes from a village,the headmasterwho was born in a rich family is bad to him and does his best to make excuses to punish him.The boy knows it and takes precautions against（提防）it.One afterno

32、on all the students went to have lunch and he bought a piece of bread.He was reading a book under a big tree,while a dog was standing near him.At that moment the headmaster came out and saw it.He became angry and said,Dont you knowwe dont let anybody rear（饲养）dogs in the school?“Yes,I do,sir.said the

33、 boy.“Why have you brought your dog to school,then?”“It isnt my dog.”“Why is it following you,then?”“Youre following me now,sir.said the boy,“Can you say you are mine?请根据以上短文在改写后短文的空白处填入适当的词，使其完整。Robert is fifteen.He is in Grade _(1)now.He studies hard and his classmatesare(2)to him.And he often hel

34、ps his friends t o(3)their lessons.But as he was(4)in a farmer family,the headmaster from a(5)family is badto him and does_(6)he can to punish him.One day in the(7),all the students went(8)lunch and he bought apiece of bread,reading a book under a tree.At the moment a dog was standing near him.(9)th

35、e headmaster saw this,he wanted to(10)him.But he failed that day again.二、答题分析第一步：快读全文，掌握大意。通读原文我们知道。文章讲叙了 Robert和校长的一些情况，Robert是一个初中学生，他出生于贫困之家，但学习努力与同学相处融洽。校长出生于富贵家庭对Robert很不友好，总是想尽办法惩罚他，Robert时刻小心提防他。一天下午校长又想趁机惩罚他，但未能得逞。第二步:细读改写，寻找异同。如原文中说Two and half years ago he came to the city and began to stu

36、dy in a middle school.而改写中却是 He is in Gr a d e(1)now.由原文中的Two and half years a g o 可知第(1)空要填Three.原文中说He studies hard andgets on well with his classmates,而改写中却是 He studies hard and his classmates are to h im.由于“他与同学相处融洽”那么“他的同学一定是对他很友好了”。因此第二空填kind或 friendly。第 3 空是一个典型的同义句改写，即 help sb.with s th.与hel

37、p sb.to do sth.的转换。第三步：字斟句酌，各个击破。比如第4,5,7 空与原文几乎没多大差别可先填好(4)born,(5)rich,(7)afternoon,对于与原文有较大差异的空，则需要字斟句酌，细仔推敲了。我们要在对比改写文中的句子与原文句子差别的前提下，推测改写文中的句子所要表达的意思，然后根据我们所学的知识推出所要填写的单词。如：原文中的 and does his best to make excuses to punish him 正是改写文中 and does _(6)he can to punish h im 要表达的意思。这里does后面是一个宾语从句，而从句缺

38、少引导词，因此填入what正合适。这一空较难因为can后面省去了动词烦的 10。这句话意为“并且做他所能做的事情来惩罚他”。而原文中的all the students went to have lunch 与改写文中的 all the students went(8)lunch,went to have lunch 与 went for lunch 同义。故第 8 空填 for。改写中的(9)the headmaster saw this,he wanted to _(10)him.But hefailed that day again.是对原文第二段后面部分的概括，通过比较我们知道改写中要表达的意思是“当校长看见那种情况时，他想惩罚他，但那一天他又失败了:因此第9 空填，when 第 10 空填 punish o第四步：复读改写，纠正失误。如：第 1空应大写首字母，很多考生可能会忽略这一点。