【课件】Unit5Reading+and+Thinking课件人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册.pptx

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1、Unit 5 Working the landReading and ThinkingA Pioneer for All People 造福全人类的先驱者 袁隆平（1930年9月7日-2021年5月22日），男，汉族，生于北京,无党派人士，江西省九江市德安县人。享誉海内外的著名农业科学家，中国杂交水稻事业的开创者和领导者，中国共产党的亲密朋友，无党派人士的杰出代表，“共和国勋章”获得者，湖南省政协原副主席，国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心原主任，中国工程院院士，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。Try to make a prediction of this passage!1.Students could

2、 have a general understanding of this passage.2.Students could memorize some key words and phrases.3.Students could form a positive attitude towards the habit of eating.Teaching objectives:He has a dream that rice is taller than sorghum and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.He and his assistant

3、 enjoyed the cool under rice.ScientistFather of hybrid riceResearcherPioneerWhat type of writing is it?Biography1.hybrid n.杂交植(动)物;合成物;混合动力车2.devote vt.把献(给);把专用于;专心于3.devote.to把用于;献身;致力;专心4.shortage n.不足;缺少;短缺5.crisis n.(pl.crises/-siz/)危机;危急关头6.boost vt.使增长;使兴旺n.增长;提高;激励7.yield n.产量,产生vi.屈服;让步8.co

4、nvince vt.使相信;使确信;说服9.characteristic adj.典型的;独特的10.attain vt.获得;得到11.conventional adj.传统的;习惯的12.pollinate vt.授粉;传粉13.assumption n.假定;设定;Key words and phrases18.output n.产量;输出;输出量vt.19.estimate vt.估计;估价;估算n.估计;估算20.domestic adj本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的21.consumption n.消耗;消耗量;消费prise vt包括;包含;由组成23.be comprised

5、of包括;包含;由组成(或构成)24.generate vt.产生;引起25.strain n.(动、植物的)系;品种;拉伤;压力26.ensure n.闲暇;休闲;空闲27.deep down在内心深处;本质上;实际上Key words and phrasesTry to find the main idea of each paragraph.1.Yuan Longping,known as the“father of hybridrice”,is one of Chinas most famous scientists.Yet,he considers himself a farmer

6、because he continually works the land in his research.Indeed,his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom he has devoted his life.袁隆平，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”，是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他认为自己是个农民，因为他不断地在田间耕作，进行科学研究。确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民一样。Para.1 He considers himeself a farmer

7、.(Identify)2.Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.However,what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.To tackle this crisis,he chose to study agricultur

8、e and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学方面的工作。然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。为了应对这一危机，他选择了学习农业，并在重庆的西南农学院接受教育。Para.2 Why did he decide to study agriculture?(Experience)3.After graduating in 1953,he worked as a researcher.Yuan Longping real

9、ised that larger fields were not the solution.Instead,farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.How this,could be done was a challenging question at the time.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties

10、 of a species.One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.1953年毕业后，他从事研究工作。袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积，而是农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。袁隆平坚信，可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到答案。杂交植物是一个物种的两个或多个变种之间的杂交。杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比常规作物高。However,whether it was possible to

11、 develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.The common assumption then was that it could not be done.Through intense effort,Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid ena

12、bled farmers to expand their output greatly.然而，是否有可能培育出如水稻等自花授粉植物的杂交种，这是一个充满争议的问题。人们普遍认为这是不可能做到的。通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，于1974年研制出了第一批可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。这种杂交植物使农民能够大幅度增加他们的水稻产量。Para.3 Yuan succeeded in developing hybrid rice.(Contribution)4.Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consum

13、ption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.Yuans innovation has helped feed not just China,but many other countries that depend on rice as well,such as India and Vietnam.Beca

14、use of his invaluable contributions,Yuan Longping has received numerous awards both in China and abroad.据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国，也养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。因为他做出了不可估量的贡献。袁隆平在国内外获得了无数奖项。Para.4 Yuans contributions to the world.(Contribution)5.Gi

15、ven that Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy,one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.However,this is far from the case.Deep down,Yuan is still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil,he cares little for celebrity or money.Instead,he makes large donations to support agricu

16、ltural research.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。作为一个土生土长的人，他不太在乎名利。相反，他大量捐款支持农业科学研究。Para.5 Yuans indifference to fame and fortune.(Personality)What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams.Long ago,he envisioned rice pla

17、nts as tall as sorghum,with each ear of rice as big as a broom,and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad.His latest vision for“seawater rice”has also become a reality,and potentially opened up nearly one million

18、 square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.Despite his advanced years,Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision,and everyone is waiting to see what he will dream up next.袁隆平给人印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很久以前，他设想水稻高至高粱，稻穗大如扫帚，而每粒稻谷大如花生。他成功地种植出一种可以养活国内外更多人口的水稻。他对“海水稻”的最新设想也已成为现实

19、，并可能在中国开辟近100万平方公里的盐碱地，用于水稻生产。尽管年事已高，袁隆平的内心仍然年轻，富有远见，每个人都在等着看他下一步的梦想。Para.6 Yuan remains true to the original aspiration.(Dream)Para.1 He considers himeself a farmer.(Identify)Para.2 Why did he decide to study agriculture?(Experience)Para.3 Yuan succeeded in developing hybrid rice.(Contribution)Para

20、.4 Yuans contributions to the world.(Contribution)Para.5 Yuans indifference to fame and fortune.(Personality)Para.6 Yuan remains true to the original aspiration.(Dream)Try to find the main idea of each paragraph.How many parts can this text be divided into?Can you connect them with specific aspects?

21、Part.1 Yuans self-assessmentPart.2 Yuans contributions Part.3 Overall assessment of Yuan Para.1 He considers himeself a farmer.(Identify)Para.2 Why did he decide to study agriculture?(Experience)Para.3 Yuan succeeded in developing hybrid rice.(Contribution)Para.4 Yuans contributions to the world.(Co

22、ntribution)A Pioneer for All PeoplePara.5 Yuans indifference to fame and fortune.(Personality)Para.6 Yuan remains true to the original aspiration.(Dream)How did Yuan Longping solve the problem?What effort has he done?1930 1953At that time 1974 TodayHe was born in Beijing.Graduated from Southwest Agr

23、icultural College.Realized farmer needed to boost yield.Developed the first hybird rice.Solved the hunger problem.He continually works the land in his research.1.Why we consider Yuan as a pioneer for all people?2.Why does Yuan Longping consider himself as a farmer?In the fourth paragraph.Can you fin

24、ish the sentence with as many adjectives as possible?Yuan Longping is a(n)（）farmer/scientist.humble/persistent/devoted/compassionate.袁隆平自述人生真的很有趣：如果不是因为差点这两个字，我很可能就不是我了。我从小是游泳健将，所以差点成了游泳运动员。身体素质一直不错，所以差点当了空军飞行员或许也幸好是差了一点，不然我可能只是一名平庸的运动员或者飞行员罢了。毕业时，爸爸想帮我找份好工作，但我还是选择了服从分配。去了偏远的安江农校任教，在农校教书的日子很平淡，除了在教室

25、上课，就是在地里种水稻，那时比起老师的身份，我反倒更像一名勤恳的老安江农民。那里是峡谷盆地，不像北方拥有大片大片的麦地，浇水施肥都得翻山越岭。那时候条件比较差，车水时腿要整个浸在水里，各式各样的虫子就顺着腿往上窜，现在想想都会头皮发麻，日子过得很平淡。直到1961年的一天，我发现了一株鹤立鸡群的水稻，穗子又大又饱满，子粒足足有230粒，我高兴坏了，感觉自己发现了新大陆水稻的种子。可播下去，高的高，矮的矮，产量都很低。虽然西方权威遗传学认定，水稻不具有杂交优势，但如今天然杂交水稻就摆在眼前，我想人工杂交未必行不通，外国人成功不了，不代表我们中国人不行。当时刚过三年自然灾害，很多人连温饱都难以保障

26、，看着无数人挨饿，肩上的担子更重了。搞人工杂交水稻就两条路：一是人工去雄，但后续不好推广;二是培育雄花不遇的魔稻，也就是雄性不育。六七月份正是南方最热的季节，也是水稻长的最旺的时候，我每天就带着水壶和馒头，拿着个老式放大镜一行行，一穗穗的排查，说起来也是身子不争气，光是吃饭不规律，条件差，差了点就害我得了肠胃病。那段时间我就像着了魔似的，一整日一整日的呆在田里，功夫不负有心人，1965年的时候，我在田里找到了六株不育株，有了现实的原形。我很快在1966年发表了第一篇论文水稻的雄性不育竟刊登在了中国科学院的科学通报，凭借这篇论文的发表，我获得了科委九局的大力支持，为以后的研发获得了通行证。虽然如

27、此，过程也并非一帆风顺，1968年5月18日晚上，我培育的700多株秧苗被连根拔毁。我第一次明白了天塌下来的感觉，我心里烧着一口无名的怒火，拼命的张大嘴作深呼吸，强迫自己平静下来，可我真的做不到啊，那时候我已经做了最坏的打算，大不了从头再来，也没啥大不了的吧。第四天，我偶然间发现井中漂浮着几根秧苗，什么都没想，毫不犹豫地跳下了井，看着背景里残存的五根秧苗，有种劫后余生的庆幸，没人知道为什么这里会有幸存，但它却真实存在着，但要培育优质的雄性不育株，这还不够。我和助手们决定离开农校，先是去了云南搞试验田，后来又到海南找野生稻。1970年，我们在海南南疆农场发现了雄性不育野生稻，为杂交水稻的选育研究

28、打开了突破口，1974年，男优二号诞生了，试验种植产量比常规水稻增产30%以上。可这还远远不够。美国学者莱斯特布朗在谁来养活中国一书中表示了对中国粮食供给的担忧。他认为，全球的粮食生产都难以满足中国巨大的粮食需求，引起了全球范围的舆论震动，这无异于是泼脏水阴谋论，但问题却真实存在。于是，在1996年正式启动了中国超级稻育种计划。2000年第一期亩产700公斤；2004年第二期亩产突破800公斤，我和我的团队用仅仅八年的时间取得了领先世界的成绩。2011年突破了900公斤；2014年突破1000公斤，刷新了自己创下的世界纪录，用中国精神，中国技术给出了一剂力度刚好的回击，通过这些年的努力，我们把

29、饭碗攥在了自己手中，不需要再为粮食发愁挨饿。联合国粮农组织还为此将将杂交水稻列为解决粮食短缺的首选战略。聘请我作为首席顾问，可我知道中国的粮食问题仍然存在，像大豆粮食还是需要进口，甚至于每年要进口七八千万吨。所以我和我的团队不敢有一丝一毫的懈怠，生怕辜负了祖国和人民的厚望，我叫袁隆平，我爱我脚下的这片土地，Group discussionWriting Task:A Pioneer for_.Requirements are follows:1.Search the Internet for more information and write down“pioneer”in your heart based on what was discussed in class2.No less than 120 words.3.Cover four aspects that we have talked.HomeworkThank you!