初中英语总复习-完形填空解题技巧.xls

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1、点击朗诵16国外语：需要启用宏后才能使用朗诵功能启用方法：先启用编辑，然后启用宏内容。2003版启用方法如下：工具宏安全性低或中重启文档启用宏）31354不会启用宏？点 击查看 帮 助：请根据内容选择以下语种，再点击单词朗诵，祝你学习进步！1en运用能力的典型题难易程度与初中教材相当词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断综合分析等将答案填入空白处使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些一从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。

2、中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇 即重在文意的干扰把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去 考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些二从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次 即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次1.句子层次的设空例(2007年中考英语试卷完形填空四选一保留原题号)I 90you were very busy then helping your friend get ready forher weddingI am sure it was a succ

3、ess.A.remember B.explain C.hope D.expect答案A指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些2.句群层次的设空前制性设空英语 韩国语 法语 日语 德语 葡萄牙语 西班牙语 阿拉伯语瑞典语 南非荷兰语 捷克语 泰语 越南语 中文 世界语 塞尔维亚语 第 1 页，共 20 页后制性设空指根据上下文的内容 经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些 前制性设空例It was an English speech conte

4、st.My mother asked me to takepart in it.What a terrible idea!It meant I had to _ in front ofall the teachers and students of my school!A.write B.speak C.sing D.dance后制性设空例1).Nobody _ him in the village.One day he said to them,“I know you dont like me”A.believed B.liked C.hated D.knew2).Country music

5、 comes from _ kinds of music.One is thetraditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern UnitedStates.The other is traditional cowboy music from the AmericanWest.A.many B.all C.two D.threeBBC二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些3.语篇性设空I work as a volunteerfor an organization that helps the poorin Haiti.Recently I t

6、ook myson Barrett there for a week,hoping to 1him achieved all Id expected.Soon he willcelebrate his 18th birthday.He will be a man.(最后一句话)()1.A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educateD指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定 第 2 页，共 20 页正确答案的设空。三、真题演练(2009 上海中考试卷完形填空)Sometimes youmay not understand your parents.Oneminute

7、theyre friendly,the next minute theyre shouting andscreaming loudlyenough for the whole street to hear.So who makes them so 85?You,probably!When you take your clothes off,remember to 86.Get into the habitof taking glasses and plates down to the kitchen.Before longyoull be doing itwithout thinking.Ev

8、en though you may not realize it,your parents have bought youmanyclothes.But theyre not buying themselves new things every week,are they?The simple truth is that there are more 87things to spend money on,like the electricity bill and food.You may hate missing a party to visit some boring old relativ

9、es.They maygo on and on about what a sweet baby you were.You have no choicebut tolisten.Even if you 88,your parents wont change their minds.Parents like toshow off their family.The best thing you can do is to helpentertain your relatives.Your parents will be so pleased with you afterwards that theyl

10、lprobably allowyou to go to the next two 89.三、真题演练You might not want to eat,but think of it from the parents point of view.If you cook twomeals a day,it means 730meals a year.Can you imagine how boring this can get?Imagine how your parents feel when you say youre not reallyhungry.90,your parents are

11、 probably worried that you arent eating enough.Eatfewer snacks and leave room for your meals.Finally,offer to 91after the meal.Your offer may not be accepted,but your parentswill be pleased.()85.A.friendly B.lonely C.changeable D.comfortable()86.A.hang them up B.leave them aloneC.put them on D.throw

12、them away()87.A.interesting B.difficult C.important D.surprising()88.A.agree B.complain C.listen D.win()89.A.concerts B.meetings C.classes D.parties()90.A.Inaddition B.In return C.At most D.At last()91.A.do the cookingB.lay the table 第 3 页，共 20 页C.buy some snacks D.wash the dishesCACBDAD三、真题演练解析 85.

13、前制性设空文章第一段提出父母的态度往往会令你感到诧异他们有时是那么友好忽然间又会生气地大声嚷嚷由此可以看出他们的态度是那么地易变changeable。所以本题答案为C。86.句子层次的设空青少年应该培养良好的生活习惯。例如 在家脱 衣后应该及时挂上。B项leave them alone 表示“让它们独自留下”C项put them up 表示“把他们穿上”D项throw them away表示“把它们扔掉”以上答案显然均不符合文章意思 而A项hang them up 正是“把衣服挂上”的意思 所以答案为A。87.后制性设空 家长会给孩子买许多衣服 但他们不会经常为自己购物那是因为他们要考虑维持家

14、庭生计 他们往往把钱花在更重要的事情上所以答案为C。88.前制性设空你有时会去拜访那些无聊又年长的亲戚他们会一遍又一遍地唠叨你小时候的乖巧可爱而你只能洗耳恭听They maygo onand on about what a sweet baby you were.You have no choice but tolisten.显然你会对此而抱怨但家长们仍不以为然 your parents wontchange their minds.所以本题答案为B。三、真题演练解析89.前制性设空 如果能帮助招待好你的亲戚你的家长会感到十分满意 也会允许你出席以后的更多的这种聚会。选项A、B、C与聚会无关应

15、予淘汰。所以本题答案为D。90.语篇性设空 每日吃饭时 应该想到家长的艰辛。当你说你并不饿时家长不但会有内心的不快另外会担心你吃得过少而影响身体 第 4 页，共 20 页Imagine how your parents feel when you say youre not reallyhungry.,your parents are probably worried that you arent eating enough.。根据文章内容空格处应填入“除此之外”的意思所以本题答案为A。91.前制性设空文章结尾告诫我们要少吃零食 要留出吃饭的空间 Eat fewer snacks and le

16、ave room for your meals.。饭后也要提出帮助父母做些事情尽管有时不会得到他们的许可。从四个选项中 我们可以看到D项符合饭后可做的事 A项do the cooking 表示“煮饭”B项lay thetable表示“摆餐具、饭桌”均发生在饭前C项buy some snacks 与上文“少吃零食”的论述矛盾 所以答案为D。四、解题技巧点拨 一_。二_。三_。细读首句跳过空格 通读全文 掌握大意理解词义瞻前顾后 先易后难 各个击破复读全文逐个核对 验证答案 坚定信心五、实践演练(1)(2008 上海中考试卷完形填空)When I was fifteen I went to a s

17、ummer camp.There were lots of great90but there was one thing I was really scared(害怕)about:climbingthe wall.The wall is a kind of rock that people use to learn how toclimb.It is verytall.We were all supposed to climb the wall,but I knew I couldntget to the topbecause I am 91 heights.I was ashamed and

18、 I didnt want anyoneto know that I was scared.I thought they would all laugh at me.Ipracticed my excuse:“Im not scared,you know,I suffer fromvertigo(患眩晕症).”The day came.It was time to climb the wall.The sun was shining buteveryonewas very quiet that morning.I took photographs at the bottom of thewal

19、l and triedto 92.Everyone in the group went up.Then the moment came.It wasmy turn.I was so scared that all I could think about was my excuse.Someone said,“Shall I take your camera?”and I answered,“Imnot scared,you know.I suffer fromvertigo”.The 93 was that I was more than scared,I wasterrified(吓坏了).

20、Thecamp leader said,“Dont worry,you dont have to do anything youdont want to do.”I was surprised.Everyone was understanding.Noone94.五、实践演练(1)The next day,the leader asked me if I wanted totry the wall on my own,95 the others watching.Although I wasstillvery nervous I agreed and climbed slowly to the

21、 top with his help.Iwas stillshaking when I came 96,but I was really happy and relieved too.For me,climbing the wall was a real achievement.()90.A.activities B.operations C.accidents D.exams()91.A.poor at B.good at C.afraid of D.fond of 第 5 页，共 20 页()92.A.go B.hide C.appear D.run()93.A.truth B.situa

22、tion C.story D.reason()94.A.jumped B.cheered C.smiled D.laughed()95.A.with B.without C.among D.behind()96.A.in B.out C.up D.downACBADBD五、实践演练(1)解析90.阅读文章可知 作者15岁时去参加夏令营 参加了许多很棒的活动 但是有一件事令他很害怕 那就是攀岩所以答案为A。91.那墙是人们用来学习攀岩的 但作者知道他爬不到顶部因为他有恐高症We were all supposedto climb the wall,but I knew I couldnt get

23、 to the topbecause I am heights所以答案为C。92.尽管怕 活动的日子还是到了。作者在墙脚下拍了照片后试图躲藏起来所以答案为B。93.但是还是轮到作者攀岩了他极其害怕但他对同伴们说自己并不害怕 这是因为患有眩晕症的缘故 事实上他内心简直是吓坏了 and Ianswered,“Im not scared,you know.I suffer from vertigo.”The was that I was more than scared,I was terrified.所以答案为A。五、实践演练(1)解析 94.队长见到此景 告诉他不必勉强攀岩这使作者十分惊奇 周围

24、的人是如此地通情达理没有人强求他做什么也没有人嘲笑他 The camp leadersaid,“Dont worry,you dont have to do anything you dontwant to do.”I was surprised.Everyone was understanding.No one所以答案为B。95.第二天 队长问他是否想在没有人观看的情况下单独尝试一下The nextday,the leader asked me if I wanted to try the wall on my own,the others watching.所以答案为B。96.作者在队长的

25、帮助下终于慢慢地爬到了墙顶当他下来的时候仍然浑身发抖 但是成就感使他感到十分的高兴和宽慰 I agreed and climbedslowed to the top with his help.I was still shaking when I came,but I wasreally happy and relieved too.For me,climbing the wallwas a realachievement.所以答案为D。五、实践演练(2)(2010 上海中考试卷完形填空)Every day cars kill or hurt many people on roads.Some

26、times thedrivers drive too fast or do not,drive carefully enough.Some ofthem 85the traffic rules and cause accidents.According to some researches,it is usually the pedestrians(行人)whocause the accidents.A lot of road users are very careless.Theywalk or runacross the roads 86 the cars.They walk in the

27、 roads but not on thewalkways.They get into or out of cars in the middle of the road.Some do not take the trouble to 87 第 6 页，共 20 页the green lights and simply cross the roads against the red lights.Many people think accidents often happen in busy roads in largecities,but this is not always true.88,

28、Tokyo is one of the worldslargest cities and probably one of the busiest cities;however,there are 89accidents to pedestrians.The reason is that the police there arevery strict and the pedestriansare very careful.Pedestrians never cross against a red light andthey 90follow traffic rules.五、实践演练(2)Do y

29、ou know alcohol 酒精isanother main causeof traffic accidents?It delays peoples response.Those who havedrunk alcohol are 91 in making decisions.They need a few moreseconds toreact 反应.Alcohol drinking is especially dangerousfor motorcar drivers.It is not only drivers who may have accidentsafter drinking

30、.Drunken pedestrians may put their lives in danger as well.85.A.make B.break C.follow D.remember86.A.at the end of B.inthe centre of C.on top of D.in front of87.A.turn on B.worryabout C.wait for D.point out88.A.In addition B.For example C.By the way D.On the other hand89.A.few B.many C.enough D.some

31、90.A.even B.never C.almostD.always91.A.slow B.active C.interested D.excited答案 85.B86.D 87.C 88.B 89.A 90.D 91.A五、实践演练分析句子结构 根据句意逻辑关系 选出正确答案。1.The WTO can not live up to its name _ it does not include acountry that is home to one fifth of mankind.A.as long as B.whileC.if D.even thoughC根据文化背景和生活常识 利用上

32、下文线索 分析并列句的因果关系可以选出正确答案。2.Little Tom wondered what wouldhappen to the eggs.Twoweeks later,little Tom found some chicks _ out of the shells.A.walked B.ran C.jumped D.struggledD六、家庭作业Cartoon filmshave very few limits(限制).If you can draw something,you can makeit 1 on the cinemascreen.The use of new ide

33、as and modern computer programs meansthat cartoons are becoming exciting again for people of 2 ages.By 1970,the cinema world had decided that cartoons were3 for children.But soon after that,one or two film makers had some new ideas.Theyproved that it was 4 第 7 页，共 20 页to make films in which both gro

34、wn-ups and children could enjoy them.(1)六、家庭作业However,5 cartoon film was successful.The BlackCauldron,for example,failed,mainly because it was too6 for children and too childish for grown-ups.Film makers learntfrom this mistake,and then cartoons were welcomed by bothchildren and grown-ups and 7 the

35、film companies began to makelarge amounts of money.()1.A.arrive B.stay C.stand D.move()2.A.some B.either C.all D.both()3.A.never B.only C.still D.already()4.A.possible B.difficult C.complete D.interesting()5.A.not every B.none of the C.each D.neither of the()6.A.interesting B.popular C.relaxing D.fr

36、ightening()7.A.once B.however C.again D.also-1DCBAADC六、家庭作业The name of Daniel Williams has been knownto the blackpeople in the United States for manyyears.He became a 1 in Chicago in 1883.After graduating,hetaught at Northwestern Universitys medical school.He was askedby the president of the United

37、States,Grover Cleveland,to go toWashington,D.C.,to head the Freedmens Hospital.It was one ofthe few hospitals for blacks in the country 2.He went back toChicago to help to set up Provident Hospital.3it opened,Chicagos black doctors could not practice inhospitals.They had to treat patients 4,so opera

38、tions were 第 8 页，共 20 页performed on beds and kitchen tables.Dr.Williams also helped toset up a training school in Chicago for blacknurses.(2)六、家庭作业In 1893 he operated on a man who was dyingfrom a stab wound in the heart.Such a wound had always 5death.But Dr.Williams tried to save the man.6 X-ray orb

39、loodtransfusions(输血),he opened the mans chest and sewed up(修补)his heart.Everything went on well with the bold(大胆的)operation.The man 7.()1.A.headmaster B.manager C.doctor D.nurse()2.A.at that time B.in the past C.a moment ago D.justthen()3.A.After B.Before C.When D.As soon as()4.A.in the office B.in

40、the school C.in theuniversityD.at home()5.A.shown B.explained C.meantD.described()6.A.According to B.Instead of C.Because of D.Without()7.A.died B.lived C.became strong D.gotbadly hurt-2CABDCDB 第 9 页，共 20 页点击朗诵16国外语：需要启用宏后才能使用朗诵功能启用方法：先启用编辑，然后启用宏内容。2003版启用方法如下：工具宏安全性低或中重启文档启用宏）第 10 页，共 20 页 第 11 页，共 20 页 第 12 页，共 20 页 第 13 页，共 20 页 第 14 页，共 20 页 第 15 页，共 20 页 第 16 页，共 20 页 第 17 页，共 20 页 第 18 页，共 20 页 第 19 页，共 20 页http:/宏 的视频office2007启用 宏 的视频