高考英语第一轮复习难点系列讲解22篇.pdf

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1、难点1并非只表抽象的抽象名词抽象名词一般看作不可数名词，但有时也可与冠词连用，表示具体化。沙场点兵1 .Jumping out of airplane at ten thousand feet is quite exciting experience.(NMET2002)A.不填；the B.不填；an C.an；an D.the；the2.Many people agree that knowledge of English is must in internationaltrade today.A.a；a B.the；an C.the；the D.不填；the3.One way to un

2、derstand thousands of new words is to gain good knowledge ofbasic word information.(上海 2002)A./B.the C.a D.one4.I hear that as many as 150 people were killed in the earthquake.Yes,news came as shock to us.A.the；the B.the；aC.不填；不填 D.不填；a5.He has great interest in history,especially in history of Tang

3、 Dynasty.A.a；the B.a；/C./；the D./；a 案例探究l.For many Beijingers,dreams of living in_ green area are becoming reality.A.a；a B.the；the C.不填；不填 D.the：不填命题意图：表面看本题考查学生对冠词的用法，其实也考查了学生对抽象名词具体化的掌握。知识依托：抽象名词并非都作不可数名词。错解分析：D 选项迷惑性较大，许多同学会认为reality为抽象名词，不能用a。解题方法与技巧:抽象名词或物质名词前或后加上表示性质类别的修饰词，指概念的“一种”“一类，,“一次，等时，

4、可用不定冠词，例如：Physics is a science.答案：A2.The police have power to arrest bad people by law.A.the；the B.a；a C.the；不填 D.不填；the命题意图：考查学生对抽象名词具体化的理解。知识依托：定冠词与抽象名词连用，特指双方都了解的人或事。错解分析：许多学生会认为D 正确，认为power是抽象名词，故不能用冠词。解题方法与技巧：to arrest bad people是 power的定语，故此处用the表示特指。答案：C 锦囊妙计1.不定冠词与抽象名词连用表示：一种、一1 场或某个动作的一次、一番

5、。例如：It was a war,have a look,have a tryo某一品质的具体行动。例如：Thank you,Tim.You have done me a kindness.引起某种情绪的事。例如：It s a pleasure to work with you.It*s a pity that you canJ tswim.2.定冠词与抽象名词连用，特指某一时、某一次的行动或情绪，或说话的双方都了解的人或事。3.注意：有些词组中，有没有冠词含义是不同的。试比较：歼灭难点训练l.He is(help)to me.2.Nowadays many young people get

6、into habit of smoking in public andcan t kick it.A.the；the B./；/C./；the D.the；/3.The news is spreading from mouth to mouth.Yes,it s become talk of town.A.a；a B.the；/C.the；the D.a；/4.1n face of failure,it is the most important to keep up good state of mind.A./；a B.a；/C.the；/D./；the5.Having received t

7、raining of the Ms.Company,he was offered importantposition in management.A.the；an B.不填；an C.the；不填 D.a；a6.1n Sahara Desert，rain was scarce,but in my hometown thereis heavy rain now and then,and the river around the town rises a lot af t er.A.the；the；a；a heavy rain B.the；/；a；heavy rainsC./；/；/；a heav

8、y rain D.the；the；a；heavy rains7.The building was completed in September of 1956 not in October,1955.A./；the B.the；the C./；/D.the；/难点2 冠词的非前位用法难点限定语与所修饰的中心名词的关系一般顺序是：冠词+表示大小尺寸的限定词+表示颜色的限定词+表示原材料的限定词+中心名词。但在某些固定结构中，冠词放在了形容词之后。沙场点兵1.What about book?It s too difficult book.A.a；a B.a；the C.the；the D.the；

9、a2.Beijing you see today is quite different city from what it used to be.A.The；不填 B.The；a C.不填；the D.A；a 案例探究1 .Peter won t drive us to the station.He has to take us all.A.a very snail(ar B.too small a carC.a bo snail(ar D.such a small car命题意图：考查学生对冠词不放在第一位的固定结构的掌握。知识依托：不定冠词放在too+形容词之后。错解分析：C 迷惑性较大，

10、学生都学过too+W./a小.+to结构，但对于too+时.+.+to结构不熟悉。解题方法与技巧：名词前修饰语一般正常语序为：不定冠词+形容词+名词。但有些固定结构需注意，如 too+。力+a/an+.。答案：B2.Exercise is as any other to lose unwanted weight.A.so usful a wiy B.as a useful wayC.as ueful a ay D.such a useful way命题意图：考查学生对冠词不放在第一位的固定结构的掌握，属五星级题目。知识依托：不定冠词放在as+形容词之后。错解分析：A、B 迷惑性较大，soas结

11、构常用于否定句和疑问句，故不能选A、B。解题方法与技巧：名词前修饰语正常语序为：不定冠词+形容词+名词，但有些固定结构需注意，如：as+时.+a/an+.答案：C锦 囊妙计1.不定冠词用在quite,rather,many,half,what,much等词之后。例如：He is rather a fool.一What did you think of the concert?一Oh,it was quite a success.2.不定冠词用在so（as,too,how）+形容词之后。例如：She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.It s

12、 too difficult a book for us to read.注意：以元音音素开头的名词前加不定冠词时用“an”。例如：an apple。即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头，但该词的读音是元音音素开头，加不定冠词时也要用“an，例如：an hour,an honest boy；反之，拼写以元音字母开头，但读音是辅音，加不定冠词时要用“a”，例如：a universityo3.sothat 与 suchthat:sothat和 suchthat都作“如此以致”解，that引导结果状语从句。常见句型如下：fa/an+（形容词）+单数可数名词so 产 小+由（such+of+名词举例如下:e.g

13、.(l)Most of the money has been wasted.(2)Every year,lots of damage is caused by fire.但由a large quantity of,quantties oflarge amount of,amounts ofT 名词作主语时谓语动词应由quantity或amount的数而定例如：(1)Quantities of food are wasted every day.(2)Amounts of money were spent on this project.(这两个词的用法是主谓致中的难点，同时也是常考点)答案：B

14、2.Not only I but also Mary and Jane tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be命题意图：考查主谓一致中的就近原则。知识依托：由not onlybut also连接并列主语时，谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致。错解分析：本题易误选C,易误认为I为主语，而实际上决定谓语单复数的是由Jane andMary决定，应用就近原则，故排除C,同理排除A。解题方法与技巧：熟记要点：在英语中，主谓一致有三个原则：语法 致的原则，语意一致的原则和就近原则。此题是就近原则，所以答案为B。答案：B

15、3.Nobody but you what he said.A.agrees with B.agrees out C.agree with D.agree to命题意图：考查词组“同意”和主语为nobody类的不定代词时，谓语单复数的确定。知识依托：主语为nobody时谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but,as well as,with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。错题分析：该题易误选C、D,选 D 的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词to 时之后应加具体项目。而选择C 就在于误把you做为主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。答案：A4.She is the only one among

16、the writers who stories for children.A.woman;writes B.women;writeC.women;writes D.woman;write命题意图：考查复合名词的单复数及从句中的主谓一致。知识依托：woman writer的复数为women writers,而定语从句中的谓语单复数是由先行词决定的，先行词为the only one。故答案为C。错解分析：本题易误选B,误认为先行词为writers,而实际上由于one被 the only修饰,故先行词是the only o n e,谓语应用单数。解题方法与技巧：本题中我们可以了解，当考查定语从句中的

17、谓语动词形式时，需首先分清楚所修饰的先行词是谁，单数还是复数概念，从而决定从句中谓语的单、复数形式。eg.Mary is one of the students who were late for school.Mary is the only one of the students who was late for school.答案：C锦 囊妙计1.主谓一致有个三原则：语法一致，意义一致和就近原则，无论哪一种，重要的是分清一个句子中，哪是主语，主语是单数还是复数，分清题目属于哪种一致的情况，然后确定谓语形式。这里我们简单总结下主谓一致中常见的原则：(l)and连接两个名词，但表同一事物，谓

18、语用单数。eg.The writer and singer is my best friend.(2)each、either、one the other及不定代词等作主语时，谓语常用复数。eg.Everybody is here.(3)山连词 or、eitheror、neithernor、not onlybut also 等连接并歹ij主语时及 there be句式，There be句式中谓语动词应用就近原则。eg.Neither you nor I am to blame.(4)国名、人名、报纸名、书名等专有名词虽以-s 结尾，形式上是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。eg.The United S

19、tates is a developed country.但以-s结尾的山脉、岛、瀑布等作主语时，谓语一般用复数。eg.The Philippines lie to the southeast of China.(5)山each修饰的名词作主语，谓语用单数。eg.Each student has an English-Chinese dictionary.They each have an English-Chinese dictionary.(6)表示时间、距离、钱、重量的名词作主语，若表示整体谓语用单数，但如强调具体数量，谓语则用复数。eg.Five hundred miles is a

20、long distance.Twenty years have passed since he began to work here.(7)表示数量的one and a half后面要用复数名词作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式。(8)定冠词the+形容词/分词表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。(9)表示成双成套的名词，如 trousers,shoes,glasses,compasses等用作主语时谓语用复数。eg.His black trousers are too long.2.高考中主谓一致的考查一般不会单独考查，常与时态、语态及句式(如倒装句)等相结合考查，此时如不能准确判断，不妨结合其他要点共同

21、确定正确答案。歼灭难点训练1 .Plastics manv other materials.A.has taken place of B.has taken the place ofC.have taken place of D.have taken the place of2.The glass works_in 1980.A.built B.was built C.were builtD.has been built3.Were all three people in the car accident injured in the accident?No,_ only the two pa

22、ssengers who got hurt.A.it was B.there is C.it wereD.there were4.A cart and horse_ in the distance.A.were B.see C.are seenD.was seen5.No one but her parents_it.A.know B.knows C.is knowingD.are knowing6.The Olympic Games_ held every four years.A.is B.are C.wasD.were7.Many a man_ come to help us.A.hav

23、e B.has C.isD.are8.The rich_ not always happy.A.are B.is C.hasD.have9.What you said_ quite to the point.A.am B.are C.isD.werelO.Slow and steady_ the race.A.win B.wins C.beatsD.beat1 l.A number of sheep_ died of a strange illness.A.have B.has C.has beenD.have been12.1bm said two and three_ five.A.be

24、B.was C.wereD.is13.One and a half bananas_ left on the table.A.are B.will be C.beingD.is14.This kind of books_ popular among the students.A.is B.are C.beingD.have been15.1 hope to buy such a bike as_ by John.A.rides B.is ridden C.riddenD.are ridden难点1 0语境下的时态须慎重动词的时态是高考试题的重头戏，是必考点。它不仅占了单项填空、改错题的大头，而

25、且在完形填空题、写作题中也有体现。但由于汉语中并没有所谓的时态概念，而且其相关试题出的很活，要仔细体会上下文才能正确答出，是名副其实的难题。沙场点兵1.How are you today?Oh,I as ill as I do now for a very long time.A.didnt feel B.wasnt feelingC.dont feel D.havent felt2.The p r i c e,b u t I doubt whether it will remain so.A.went down B.will go downC.has gone down D.was goin

26、g down3.一Hey,look where you are going!Oh,Im terribly s or r y,.A.Im not noticing B.I wasnt noticingC.I havent noticed D.l dont notice4.Robert is said abroad,but I don t know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to studyC.to be studying D.to have been studying5.一Alice,why didn t you come ye

27、sterday?I,but I had an unexpected visitor.A.had B.would C.was going to D.did6.一Do you like the material?一Yes,it very soft.A.is feeling B.fel t C.feels D.is felt7.1 don t really work here.I until the new secretary arrives.A.just help out B.have just helped outC.am just helping out D.will just help ou

28、t8.一I to be here on time.一But you late again.A.had meant;were B.meant;wereC.have meant;are D.meant;had been 案例探究1.一Youve left the light on.Oh,so I h a v e.a n d turn it off.(NMET 2000)A.T11 go B.Tve goC.I go D.Fm going to命题意图：考查一般将来时不同表示方法之间的区别。知识依托：be going t o 表示计划、安排，常为事先确定好了的事情。will除可表示上述用法外，还可表

29、示暂时的打算，且含有主语的主观倾向。故答案为A。错解分析：本题易误选D,其错因就在于没有掌握好几种表示将来意义的结构的不同含义。解题方法与技巧：在英语中，要表示将来发生的动作或状态常用到以下几种构成：(1)be going to+动词原形表示说话的人明确的打算或计划以及确信会发生的事。eg.Were going to hold a meeting to discuss the problem.It looks as if it is going to rain.(2)wiH/shall+动词原形常用以表示一种倾向性或习惯性的动作或表示单纯的将来。eg.ril be 20 years old n

30、ext year.(3)be+doing该结构所用的动词一般仅限于非延续性动词。用来表示计划安排要发生的事。eg.Pm leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.(4)be+to do该结构表示命令、约定、计划、安排中注定会发生的事。eg.The meeting is to be held next Tuesday.Im to meet Mr Li this afternoon.(5)be about to do该结构表示即将马上发生的动作，这时通常不能和表示该动作发生时间的状语连用。eg.I was about to go to the cinema when he cam

31、e.答案：A2.1 ping-pang quite well,but I haven t had time to play since the new year.(2001年高考)A.will play B.have playedC.played D.play命题意图：考查语境下的时态。本题要求较高，不仅要掌握各种时态，更要注意上下文。知识依托：般过去时表示过去发生的某一动作，而一般现在时表示现在的状况。错解分析：本题易错选C,一般的认为既然新年以来就没有再打过球，那么说打球好与不好，则应是过去的事了。而实际上，后半句为现在完成时，强调新年以来再没打过，即谈的仍是现在的打球水平，前后句子时态相

32、互应和，故答案为D。解题方法与技巧：一般现在时的应用较多，这里总结如下：(1)经常性的习惯或动作，常用的时间状语为always、often、usuallys every day等eg.She likes music very much.表示客观事实或真理eg.Light goes faster than sound.答案：D3.一Bob,what are you doing?Oh,Im sorry I,Mr.Li.A.havent noticed B.wasnt noticingC.am not noticing D.couldnt have noticed命题意图：本题考查时态间的区分。知识

33、依托：过去进行时表示过去某一时间点正发生某一动作。错解分析：本题易误选A,如果选完成时，则强调对现在造成的影响和结果，而实际上“notice”这一动作应发生在犯错的同时，即在错事发生时，注意这一动作应正在进行，故选B。解题方法与技巧：过去进行时通常用于表示：（1）过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在发生的动作，常与表过去某具体时间的时间状语连用。eg.We were having lunch at seven oclock last night.（2）表示过去一段时间内持续进行的动作。（中间可以有停顿）eg.We were discussing the plan the whole morning

34、yesterday.（3）过去反复发生的动作，常带有说话人的主观感情色彩。eg.He was always asking that silly question.答案：B4.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology sorapidly.（NMET 2001）A.is changing B.has changedC.will have changed D.will change命题意图：本题重在区分一般将来时，现在完成时和现在进行时之间的区别。知识依托：现在进行时表示现阶段一直发生的动

35、作。现在完成时是一般过去时和一般现在时的合成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果。错解分析：B 项是一个极易误选的项，不少同学认为，正是由于科技“已经变化”才造成选手机成为难事，而如果仔细分析该题句意和语境就会发现，之所以手机难选，是因为科技在不断变化，而且变化快，这一变化不仅没有结束，而且仍在不断的变化中，正是这一事实，造成了前半句中的结果。故答案选A。解题方法与技巧：理解现在进行时的关键就在于理解“现在”和“进行”二词。答案：A 锦囊妙计在高考题中，对于时态的考查往往以对话的形式出现，一般都没有具体的时间状语，所有的时间都是通过对事情发生时的情景暗示而出的。为此做题时就必须把握全句语意，分清句子中

36、涉及到的儿个动作间的时间关系，然后根据各个时态的不同含义及用法，选出最佳答案。在这里掌握每种时态（有时也包括语态）的基本形式及用法是至为重要的。歼灭难点训练l.The reporter said that the UFO east to west when he saw it.A.was travelling B.travelledC.had been travelling D.was to travel2.r ve won a holiday for two to Florida.I my mum.（春季 2001）A.am taking B.have takenC.take D.will

37、have taken3.A thief into his house when no one.A.slipped;was looking B.had slipped;lookedC.slipped;had looked D.was slipping;looked4.1 f Mr Wu doesn t go.A.we dont go,too B.we also dont goC.neither shall we D.neither do we5.1t,1 1 be the first time he the Great Wall.A.has visited B.will visitC.would

38、 visit D.visits6.Can I help you,sir?一Yes.I bought this radio here yesterday,but it.A.didnt work B.wont workC.cant work D.doesnt work7.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he office soon.A.leaves B.would leave C.left D.had left8.1 don t think Jim saw me,he into space.A.just started B.was

39、just startingC.had just started D.has just started9.1 thought you in town.When you back?A.are;have;got B.were;did;getC.are;did;get D.were;have;got10.lt is said that he sent to Australia to improve his English.A.would be B.was to be C.has been D.had been11.Tom was said to Mary for 40 years.A.have bee

40、n married to B.have manned withC.has been married D.had married with12.In front of the wall color flags wer e.A.hanged B.hunged C.hang D.hanging13.1 don t like her.She with her neighbours.A.always quarrels B.quarelledC.is always quarelling D.enjoy quarrelling14.That tree looked as if it for a long t

41、ime.A.hasnt watered B.didnt waterC.hadnt been watered D.wasnt watered15.1 should have written to you earlier,but rather busy recently.A.Fve been B.Pd been C.Fm being D.I were16.He promised to come on time.What do you imagine to him then?A.has happened B.was happeningC.happening D.was happened17.He p

42、aid no attention to my advice that he all the studying he had missed.A.would make up for B.made forC.make up for D.make his mark for18.Look!Someone has broken a glass.一Well,it me I that.A.wasnt;didnt do B.isnt;havent doneC.wasn,t;hadn,t done D.isn,t;didn,t难点11句子倒装重在看其结构英语句子的基本语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后，当语序颠倒时就成

43、了倒装结构。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装。强调性倒装及s。、neither,nor开头的句子是高考中常出现的重点。在解题时了解不同的句式结构就抓住了解题的关键。沙场点兵1.that they had made an important discovery in science.A.Little they realize B.They had realized littleC.Little did they realize D.Little had they realize2.一Do you know Jim quarrelled wi

44、th his brother?一I dont know,.A.nor dont I care B.nor do I careC.I dont care neither D.I dont care e,please tell him to wait for me in the office.A.He should B.Should heC.If he D.If he would have4.1f you don t go,.A.neither I shall B.neither will IC.I will,too D.I will,also5.,Mother will wait for him

45、 to have dinner together.A.However late is he B.Ho we ver he is lateC.However is he late D.However late he is6.L i s t e n,t h e r e.一O h,y e s.T h e r e.A.goes the bell;it goes B.goes the bell;goes itC.the bell goes;it goes D.the bell goes;goes it7.Up into the sky.A.flew the arrow B.the arrow flewC

46、.go the arrow fly D.did the arrow fly8.!A.May you succeed B.You may succeedC.Succeed you may D.Succeed may you 案例探究l.Not a single song at yesterday party.A.she sang B.sang sheC.did she sing D.she did sing命题意图：考查引起句子倒装的要点及时态。知识依托：否定词置于句首句子使用部分倒装。错解分析：本题有不少同学误选B。他们知道应使用倒装，但对于倒装的结构，构成用法掌握得并不彻底。解题方法与技巧：

47、表示否定意义的副词或连接词位于句首时，如：not,little,hardly,seldom,rarely,scarcely,never,not until,hardly,when,no soonerthan及一些介词短语：by nomeans,in no way,at no time,in no case,under no circumstanes 等，举例如下：eg.Never shall I forget those days I spent with you.Hardly had he finished the work when itbegan to rain.但是当这些表示否定意义的

48、词或短语不位于句首时则不用倒装。例如：(1)1 had no sooner got home when the telephone rang.(2)1 know little about our new English teacher.同时要注意当上述词或短语用作修饰主语时，即便放于句首，也不必倒装。例如：Little work has been done recently.答案：c2.Only after the New Chi na,to go to school.A.was founded;he was able B.was found;was he ableC.was founded;

49、was he able D.was found;he was able命题意图：本题意欲考查两点，一是动词成立，二是倒装结构。知识依托：成 立 词 为 found,其过去分词是规则变化foundedo 句子中only提前句子用倒装。错解分析：错因主要在found-词的意义及变化上。其二在于对该种由。nly提前造成的倒装形式掌握的不好。解题方法与技巧：本题考查的要点为only之后加上介词短语、副词或从句放在句首要倒装，这时其常用结构为only+介词短语(副词、状语从句)+助 动 词(be)+主语。举例如下：Only by working hard can you succeed.Only whe

50、n he told me did I know what had happened.这里需要注意的是，当 only 只用于强调主语时可不用倒装。例如：Only you can help me.答案：c 锦囊妙计1.高 考中对于倒装的考查主要有以下几个方面：(1)否定词位于句首时的倒装，如：hardly-w hen-(2)s o 与 neither,nor位于句首时的倒装及不倒装时的含义。(3)only位于句首时和a s引导让步状语从句时的句子倒装。在处理这些有关倒装的习题时，关键是要真正了解和掌握引起倒装的结构，这样才能运用自如。在此简单总结一下引起倒装的原因及相关句式结构：(a)语法结构需要