阅读理解-社会类——2022年高考英语真题模拟试题专项解析.pdf

《阅读理解-社会类——2022年高考英语真题模拟试题专项解析.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《阅读理解-社会类——2022年高考英语真题模拟试题专项解析.pdf（15页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、（6）阅读理解-社会类2022年高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编1.【2022年全国乙卷，阅读D】The Governmenfs sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers firstpredicted it would generate,the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more t

2、han 5g of sugar per100ml,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）.It is believed that today*s children andteenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar,putting them at a higher risk of thedisease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasur

3、y.However,data of the firstsix months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate 240mfor the year ending in April 2019,which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut bymanufacturers（

4、制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos ofsugar as a result of manufacturers*efforts to avoid the charge,according to Treasury figures.Since Aprildrinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink theyproduce or import,

5、depending on the sugar content.However,some high sugar brands,like Classic Coca Cola,have accepted the sugar tax and are refusingto change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks arefree of the tax,as are small companies manufacturing fewer than Im li

6、tres per year.Today*s figures,according to one government official,show the positive influence the sugar tax ishaving by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools.Helping thenext generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance,and th

7、e industry is playingits part.l.Why was the sugar tax introduced?A.To collect money for schools.B.To improve the quality of drinks.C.To protect childrens health.D.To encourage research in education.2.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?A.They turned to overseas markets.B.They rais

8、ed the prices of their products.C.They cut down on their production.D.They reduced their products sugar content.3.From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?A.Most alcoholic drinks.B.Milk-based drinks.C.Fruit juices.D.Classic Coke.4.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar ta

9、x policy?A.It is a short-sighted decision.B.It is a success story.C.It benefits manufacturers.D.It upsets customers.2.【2022年新高考I 卷，阅读B】Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nicegreen salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up worki

10、ng late.Then friends called with adinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,food waste g

11、oes against the moral grain,as Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story.Its jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food isthrown awayfrom ugly,（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneatendishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eat

12、s wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makesfood waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte wits,if food waste were a country,it would be thethird largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.0If thats hard to understand,lets keep it as simple as the arugula at the b

13、ack of my refrigerator.MikeCurtin sees my arugula story all the time-but for him,its more like 12 boxes of donated strawberriesnearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,Which recovers foodand turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 po

14、unds of food by takingdonations and collecting blemished（有 壬 陵 加 E 的）produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And thestrawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just don*t think.Everyone can play a pa

15、rt in reducingwaste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by askingrestaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat.Curtin says.1.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A.We pay little attention to food waste.B.We waste food uninte

16、ntionally at times.C.We waste more vegetables than meat.D.We have good reasons for wasting food.2.What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?3【2022年新高考I 卷，阅读C】A.Moral decline.B.Environmental harm.C.Energy shortage.D.Worldwide starvation.3.What does Curtins company do?A.It produces kit

17、chen equipment.B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.4.What does Curtin suggest people do?A.Buy only what is needed.B.Reduce food consumption.C.Go shopping once a week.D.Eat in restaurants less often.The elderly residents

18、（居民）in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop themfeeling lonely.The project was dreamed up by a local charity（慈善组织）to reduce loneliness and improve elderlypeoples wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia,a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care

19、 homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said:I used to keep hens when Iwas younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.I like the project a lot.I am down th

20、ere in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and downthere again at night to see theyve gone to bed.Its good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens andresidents come and sit outside to watch them.Im enjoying the creative activities,and it fe

21、els great to havedone something useful.1There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East,and the charityhas been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the first to embark on the project,sai

22、d:Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to thebenefits and fun the project can bring to people here.,Lynn Lewis,director of Notting Hill Pathways,said:We are happy to be taking part in the project.Itwill really help connect our residents th

23、rough a shared interest and creative activities.1.What is the purpose of the project?A.To ensure harmony in care homes.B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C.To raise money for medical research.D.To promote the elderly peoples welfare.2.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A.She has learned

24、new life skills.B.She has gained a sense of achievement.C.She has recovered her memory.D.She has developed a strong personality.3.What do the underlined words embark on mean in paragraph 7?A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.4.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A.It i

25、s well received.B.It needs to be more creative.C.It is highly profitable.D.It takes ages to see the results.4.【2022年山西太原模拟，阅读C】More than half a trillion dollars.That*s the estimated value of all the stuff that U.S.shoppers boughtlast year only to return itmore than the economy of Israel or Austria.W

26、e tried new brands withunfamiliar sizes after seeing them on TikTok.We overbought for the holidays,and we shopped overlyonline,where returns are between two and five times more likely than that from stores.Where does it all go?Take the blanket I bought on holiday sale for example.I opened the packag

27、e,only to discover it was just too small for my new sofa.So I returned it.Sorry,blanket!What will happen toit?“Your blanket is very likely to be in a landfill,*says Hitendra Chaturvedi,a supply chain managementprofessor at Arizona State University.nThat is what consumers don*t realize-the life of a

28、return is a very,very sad path.1 Value is the big threshold（门槛）:Is the product worth the cost of shipping back and payingsomeone to inspect,clean,repair or test?Experts estimate that retailers（零售商）throw away about 25%oftheir returns.Every year,U.S.returns create almost 6 billion pounds of landfill w

29、aste.Many others get resold in discount and outlet stores.Some go to sellers on websites.Some getdonated to charity or recycled.These options have increased over the past decade,allowing more andmore returns to find a new home,says Marcus Shen,chief operating officer of B-Stock,a platform whereretai

30、lers can resell their returns,often to smaller stores.As companies compete on flexible return policies,technology is also slowly playing a part:helpingshoppers buy the right-size sweater or picture a new blanket inside their room.Most importantly,Shen says,shoppers themselves are getting more and mo

31、re comfortable with buying stuff that*s not exactly brand-new.“The idea of that is no longer scary for us,right?1 he says.On his holiday-returns agenda is an electric,self-heating coffee mug that he has never opened,and he feels confident it will find a happy new buyer.1.What is paragraph 1 mainly a

32、bout?A.The challenge facing the American economy.B.The urgency to cut down on online shopping.C.The returning problem caused by overbuying online.D.The cost of finding new homes for returned goods.2.Why do some returns end up in landfills?A.Its required by the return policies.B.It saves retailers 6

33、billion pounds a year.C.Its impossible to put returns to other uses.D.Its more economically efficient for retailers.3.How does technology contribute to less returning?A.By helping shoppers make better decisions.B.By restoring the newness in returned goods.C.By improving the return policy-making proc

34、ess.D.By drawing pictures of the goods for the shoppers.4.Which of the following examples indicates a desirable end-result for returns?A.TikTok items.B.The coffee mug.C.The blanket.D.A right-size sweater.5.【2022年辽宁高三模拟，阅读D】Despite their endless social activities,closely packed urban environments oft

35、en come with the hiddenphenomenon of increased loneliness.According to Dr.Vivek Murthy,United States Surgeon General,theglobal loneliness epidemic is an overlooked consequence of urban living that carries serious risks,associated with heart disease,depression,anxiety,and dementia.While there are man

36、y ways to overcome loneliness,such as redesigning urban architecture to helpfacilitate social interactions or making it easier for people to own pets,a new study also recommendsadding nature into the mix.The findings,published in the journal Scientific Reports,follows a review of assessments provide

37、d bymore than 750 U.K.residents who volunteered to use a custom-built smartphone app for two weeks.Theparticipants were questioned randomly three times a day using a technique called an ecologicalmomentary assessment.In addition to questions about overcrowding and social inclusion（融入），the volunteers

38、 were asked about their natural surroundings,such as an you see trees,plants andwater right now?Feelings of momentary loneliness were then ranked on a five-point scale.According to the more than 16,600 assessments received,overcrowded environments increasedfeelings of loneliness by a shocking 38%,re

39、gardless of age,gender,education level,or occupation.Whenpeople were able to interact with green spaces or hear birds or see the sky,however,loneliness dropped by28%.Social inclusivity,defined by the research team as feeling welcomed by a group or sharing similarvalues,also dropped loneliness by 21%

40、.These findings appear to correlate（联系）with previous research into the mental benefits of walkingthrough natural areas.Johanna Gibbons,leader of the research team,further indicates that high-qualitygreen and blue spaces such as parks and rivers in dense urban areas,which is often viewed as a keyweap

41、on in the fight against climate change,can also be critical in improving our own well-being andreducing feelings of isolation.She said,I believe deep in our souls,there are really deep connections withnatural forces.1.What problem is discussed in paragraph 1?A.Urban living lacks social connection.C.

42、Modern cities are getting overcrowded.2.What did the social survey focus on?A.How loneliness affected people of all ages.C.How hi-technology improved peoples lives.B.Loneliness is a growing threat in cities.D.Aging population are facing more risks.B.What the root of the loneliness in cities was.D.Wh

43、at peoples favorite living surroundings were.3.What might help deal with urban loneliness according to the new survey?A.A life experience in nature.B.Low rates of social activities.C.An overcrowded environment.D.A design of urban architecture.4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Playing

44、hard is harmful to mental health.B.People in green spaces may be more cheerful.C.Global warming changes our characteristics.D.Everything is connected with natural forces.6.【2022年重庆高三模拟，阅读C】Swimming is a wonderful thing for me-exercise,reflection and alone time.The only thing that canruin a swim is w

45、hen I shift my attention from my lane to whats happening in the lanes next to me.I cancatch myself racing the person next to me,or comparing our strokes.Comparison is actually not an emotion.Researchers explain that comparing the self with others,eitherintentionally or unintentionally,is a common so

46、cial phenomenon.Comparison is the desire for consistency from one side and competition from the other-its trying tobe like everyone else,but better.When we compare ourselves with others,we are ranking around aspecific collection of nalike things”.Im not swimming against Katie Ledecky*s times,Fm just

47、 interested inthe stranger in the lane next to me.When we compare,we want to be the best of our group.Its not beyourself and respect others for being genuine,but to win.I want to swim the same workout as you,andbeat you at it.In general,however,social comparisons are not associated with life satisfa

48、ction or the positiveemotions of love and joy but are associated with the negative emotions of fear,anger,shame and sadness.Heres what makes all of this really tough:Many social psychologists consider social comparisonsomething that happens to us.More often than not,we dont even know were doing it.T

49、his lack ofawareness can lead to us showing up in ways that are hurtful to ourselves and others.So we get to choose how were going to let it affect us.My new strategy is to look at the person in thelane next to me,and say to myself,as if Im talking to them,Have a great swim.That way,Iacknowledge the

50、 inevitable and make a conscious decision to wish them well,and return to my swim.Sofar,its working pretty well.1 .What do we know about comparison?A.It is nothing but an emotion.B.It is trying to be the true self.C.It is to be different and be the best.D.It is to fit in and meanwhile to win.2.What