自考本科英语二复习资料_资格考试-自考.pdf

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1、 自考“英语（二）”复习资料 第一单元 1.常考单词：goal，objective，accomplish，predict，accompany，implement，tendency，achievement，argue，budget，define，entity 2.常考词组：in the way，in part，point of view，contribute to，to apply for，in hand，to turn down 3.常考句子：1）A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that

2、are available.2）Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.3）If there is no choice，there is no decision to be made.4）For managers every decision has constraints based on politics，procedures，laws，precedents and the like.5）For exam

3、ple，managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion.6）Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best-that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.7）In the larger scheme of things，however，increased funding for researc

4、h to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.8）Some of these objectives are more important than others，but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department.第二单元 1.常考单词：escape，explode，collapse，shrink，gravity，measurement，ba

5、sis，launch，convincing，companion，speculation，swallow，operate，to make use of，a great many，above all 2.常考句子：1）Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape.2）The theory is that some stars explode when their density

6、 increases to a particular point.3）Some people think that the Start of Bethlehem could have been a supernova.4）If a man fell into a black hole，he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly.5）It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.6）On the ot

7、her hand，scientists have suggested that every advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind.第三单元 1.常考单词：weaken deteriorate debate legal request criterion ensure oppose tradition consideration disabled burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive 2.常考词组：to debate on t

8、o make request for be opposed to to take into account 3.常考句子：1）Affected with a serious disease，van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.2）Van Wendels last three months of life before being given a final，

9、lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.3）The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown，it starts a nationwide debate on the subject.4）What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying pe

10、ople havent the right.第四单元 1.常考单词：demestic statistics diplomat exploit campaign execute convict despite deserving shelf minimum status deport 2.常考句子：1）There are estimated to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain.2）Of these 20，000，just under 2，000 are being exploited and a

11、bused by their employers.3）The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases.4）A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder，despite protests form various quarters that her g

12、uilt had not been adequately established.5）She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka.6）Because she found it difficult to feed her four children，she accepted a job working as a domestic in London.7）So if they do complain，they risk being deported.第五单元 1.常考单词：Musician，rhythmic，

13、distinct，consciousness，originate，readily，instrument，electronic，thereby，passive，participant 2.常考词组：to take place to take over to take on in a sense at a stretch to serve as in advance for the sake of 3.常考句子：1）The new music was built out of materials already in existence.2）Folk music，old and modern，wa

14、s popular among college students.3）They freely took over elements form jazz，from American country music.4）With records at home，listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could.第六单元 1.常考单词：efficiency increasingly install personnel expose reduction completion specific switch critical inten

15、sity scale defective 2.常考词组：in that in question plenty of 3.常考句子：1）Most of todays robots are employed in the automotive industry，where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies.2）Robots，already taking over human tasks in the automotive field

16、 are beginning to be seen，although to a lesser degree，in other industries as well.3）The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials，preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation.4）Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific tas

17、k，they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.5）Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing artificial vision for robots.6）With the ability to“see”，robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materia

18、ls.7）Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.第七单元 1.常考单词：research attach underlie relevant positive possession desirable relaxation occupation urban acquire participation 2.常考词组：be concerned with be relevant to to set as objective 3.常考句子：1）People in a

19、dvanced industrial societies are increasingly concerned with opportunities for leisure.2）The importance people attach to paid holidays and the rapid development of services for mass entertainment and recreation are signs of this increasing concern.3）The specific use of leisure varies from individual

20、 to individual.4）Since leisure is basically self-determined，one is able to take to ones interests and preferences and get involved in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction.5）Basically，such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is an important area of life and a beli

21、ef that Leisure can and should be put to good use.6）For example，the degree to which and the ways in which a school encourages participation in games，sports and cultural pursuits are likely to contribute to the shaping of leisure attitudes on the part of the students.7）Schools usually set as their ed

22、ucational objective the attainment of a balanced development of the person.8）The more seriously this is sought，the more likely positive attitudes towards leisure as well as academic work will be encouraged.第八单元 1.常考单词：flight negotiation transport overcome internal external rhythm feasible assumption

23、 promote 2.常考词组：effect on to blame on to advantage now that out of step to leave alone 3.常考句子：1）The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across at some time.（para.1）2）The effects of rapid travel on the body are actually far more disturbing than we realize.（para.2）3）He later b

24、lamed his poor judgement on Jet Lag.（para.3）4）Now that we understand what Jet lag is，we can go some way to overcoming it.（para.4）5）The other belongs in our internal clocks which，left alone，would tie the body to a 25 hour-yes，25-rhythm.（para.5）6）In time the physiological system will reset itself，but

25、it does take time.（para7）7）One reason for this discrepancy is that different bodily events are controlled by different factors.（para.8）8）It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone.（para.9）第九单元 1.常考单词：classify approximate proportion appreciation acknowledge alter

26、 lengthen wealthy neglect expectation 2.常考词组：to approximate to resistance to to cope with attribute to 3.常考句子：1）Nation classified as“aged”when they have 7percent of more of their people aged 65 or above.（para.1）2）The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth，the older its population is

27、 likely to be-at least，for any future that concerns us now.3）The older you are now，of course，the greater this proportion will be，and greater still if you are a woman.4）If you are now in your thirties，you ought to be aware that you can expect to live nearly one third of the rest of your life after th

28、e age of 60.第十单元 1.常考单词：election vote certainty loyalty decline democrat strategy pursue impact headquarters economy stir congress representative 2.常考词组：to identifyas impact on 3.常考句子：1）Candidates try to project a strong leadership image.（para.4）2）Whether voters accept this image，however，depends mor

29、e on external factors than on a candidates personal characteristics.（para.4）此句注意主语从句作主语。3）A year later，with the nations economy in trouble，Bushs approval rating dropped below 40 percent.4）Candidates are particularly concerned with winning the states which have the largest population.5）Clinton receiv

30、ed only 43 percent of the popular vote in 1992，compared with Bushs 38 percent and Perots 19 percent.第十一单元 1.常考单词：disorder irrelevant misleading irresponsible eventual replace partly undergo suitable to do research 常考句子第四单元常考单词常考句子第五单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第六单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第七单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第八单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第九单元常考

31、单词常考词组常考句子第十单元常词作宾语当提到的时候第十二单元常考单词常考句子表示超越不仅仅是利用第十三单元常考单词第十四单元常考单词常考句子本句是个强调句另外注意的用法本句是强调句第十五单元常考单词常考句子常考句子此刻目前以速度或比连接起来如下至于关于好像似乎仿佛只要如果既来回地反复然由于地支持本句中注意后面在方面关于记住要接动词不定式作定语另外一就为由于表示把错像这样的就这点而论不久认为好像似乎仿佛很久以前至于关于无疑照理像平常 into be central to be irrelevant to to aim for 2.常考句子：1）The use of animals has bee

32、n central to the development of anaesthetics.2）Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce misleading results.3）People and animals are different in their reactions to drugs and in the way their bodies work.4）It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on

33、people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals.5）The eventual aim of computer modeling is to reduce the number of animals used in experiments.6）Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research to be done in the test tube to see if chemicals produce harmful biological effe

34、cts.7）The number of animals used in laboratory tests has declined over the last 20 years.8）This is partly due to alternatives and partly to the fact that experiments are better designed so fewer need to be used.9）Professor David Morton of the department is involved in animal research and is concerne

35、d with reducing animal suffering as much as possible.10）This includes keeping them in more suitable cages.include 后面接动名词作宾语。11）In the US，one experiment in nerve regeneration involves cutting a big nerve in a rats leg.involve 后面接动名词作宾语。12）When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects o

36、n the body，or diseases of the brain for example，we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.When it comes to 当提到 的时候 第十二单元 1.常考单词：symptom intellectual detail initial inventor confront sensitivity reflection creativity character trace modest investment to substitute for be contrary to

37、to put off be confronted with to gaze at be unaware of to impresson be free from be beneficial to 2.常考句子：1）At its best，daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.2）There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity.（para.2

38、）3）Most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it.（para.2）4）Not only are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence，but also their self-control and self-direction become endangered.（para.2）5）But its beneficial effects go beyond this.（para.3）Go beyond

39、表示“超越，不仅仅是 ”6）Historically，scientists and inventors are one group that seems to take full advantage of relaxed moments.Take advantage of 利用 7）Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with，he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind.（para.7）8）

40、Picture yourself as winning and that will contribute remarkably to success.The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them.第十三单元 1.常考单词：compel voluntary undertake coincide manual efficiency compulsion division eliminate boring amusement so f

41、ar as knows to coincide with attitude toward to go in for 2.常考句子：1）He cannot be really happy if h is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing.2）Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends，not on the job itself，but on the tastes of the individual who undertake it.3）The d

42、ifference does not，for example，coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job.4）So that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring，and the more hours he is free to play，the better.第十四单元 1.常考单词：device compassion grab belonging threatening convince f

43、oster persuasion avail suspect profound to convince sb.to do sth.to comment on 2.常考句子：1）It was a microcassette found in Kathleen Weinsteins shirt pocket that not only led police to her alleged killer but also revealed the New Jersey teacher to be a woman of extraordinary courage and compassion.本句是个强

44、调句，另外注意 found 的用法 2）It was there，police believe，that Weinstein was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.本句是强调句。3）Weinsteins body，with hands and feet bound，was discovered by a hiker on March17.4）But before she died she somehow slipped the microcassette into her pocket without her killer

45、knowing it.第十五单元 1.常考单词：solely content sensible persist vital logic evaluate raw ultimate functional extension undue concrete conquer error prolong technician proof possess to pull down to mistakefor to distinguish between to come to terms with to end in to reflect on to come about to speculate on 2

46、.常考句子：1）Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends involved in vital research.常考句子第四单元常考单词常考句子第五单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第六单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第七单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第八单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第九单元常考单词常考词组常考句子第十单元常词作宾语当提到的时候第十二单元常考单词常考句子表示超越不仅仅是利用第十三单元常考单词第十四单元常考单词常考句子本句是个强调句另外注意的用法本句是强调句第十五单元常考单词常考句子常考句子此刻目前以速度或比连接起来如下至

47、于关于好像似乎仿佛只要如果既来回地反复然由于地支持本句中注意后面在方面关于记住要接动词不定式作定语另外一就为由于表示把错像这样的就这点而论不久认为好像似乎仿佛很久以前至于关于无疑照理像平常 2）Nor do they connect a man to the things he has to be connected to-the reality of pain in others.注意本句的倒装形式。并且注意“connect to”表示“把 与 连接起来”。3）The reason these matters are important in a computerized age is th

48、at there may be a tendency to mistake data for wisdom.本句中注意“tendency”后面要接动词不定式作定语。另外“mistake for”表示“把 错认为 ”4）For the danger is not so much that man will be controlled by the computer as that he may imitate it.词组按照第一个词的字母顺序排列。动词不定式前的符号 to 均略去，形容词前面也不加系动词 be A 1.a few 几个 2.a good deal 许多 3.a good many

49、 许多 4.a great amount of 大量的 5.a great deal 大量的 6.a great many 很多 7.a little 一些，一点点 8.a lot of 许多，大量的 9.a number of 若干，许多 10.a variety of 种种，若干不同的 11.above all 首先，首要 12.according to 根据 13.after all 毕竟，终究 14.ahead of 在前 15.all at once 突然 16.all but 几乎，差一点，除了都 17.all in all 总的说来 18.all of a sudden 突然 1

50、9.all over 到处，遍及 20.all right 行，可以 21.all the better 更好，愈加 22.all the more 更加，愈加 23.all the same 仍然，尽管如此 24.all the time 一直，始终 25.all together 同时，一起 26.along with 与一道，与同时 27.among other things 除了其他方面，此外 28.and so forth 等等 29.and so on 等等 30.and the like 等等，诸如此类 31.anything but 除外什么都 32.apart from 除去